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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Marco Polo
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An Italian trader. Travled to China. 1st person to make way across Asia countries. WENT TO KUBLAI KHAN.
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Kublai khan
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Mongol emperor of China.
Yuan Emperor |
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Reasons for exploration
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The desire for new sources of wealth.
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Caravel
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A new kind of ship vessel, which was sturdier then earlier vessels. Triangler sails. Designed by Portuguese.
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Lateen Sails
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Triangler sail, that is used when sailing against the wind.
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Astrolabe
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A brass circle with carefully adjusted rings marked off in degrees. Used to sight stars, calculate latitude, and to caculate north and south.
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Compass
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Helps more accurately track direction.
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Prince Henry the Navigator
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Although he never went on voyages of discovery, he was consumed by the quest to find new lands and to sprend Christianity. FATHER OF EXPLORATION.
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Bartholomeu Dias
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An early Portuguese explorer. Makes it to the tip of Africa by going through ver bad weather, then after much thought decides to go back to Portuguel.
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Cape of Good Hope
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Location on the tip of Africa. Ceased by the Dutch and used as a resupply stop.
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Vasco de Gama
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Explored the east African coast. In 1498, reached the port of Calicut. Tried to trade simple things for pepper.
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Calicut
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Located on the southwestern coast of India. Many spices. Taken over by Portuguel.
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Columbus
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An Italian sea captain. Convinced Spain to finance a bold plan. Finding a route to Asia by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean.
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Line of Demarcation
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An imaginary dividing line, drawn north to south, through the Atlantic Ocean. West of the line belonged to Spain. East of the line belonged to Portugal. POPE ALEXANDER 6 DREW LINE.
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Treaty of TorDesillas
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Spain and Portuguel signed this treaty in which they agreed to honor the line. Moved line A LITTLE TO THE EAST.
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Indian Sea Trade
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Single oldest trade network in the world.
THE DUTCH TOOK OVER THE INDIAN TRADE FROM THE PORTUGAL IN THE 1600s. |
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Ferdinand Magellan
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In 1521 he led an expedition to the Philippines. 1st person to circumnavigate the world.
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Dutch East India Company
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A company founded by the Dutch in the early 17th century to etablish and direct trade throughout Asia. (DUTCH VOC) Best example of new way to do business.
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Ming Dynasty
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A chinese dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644.
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Hongwu
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A peasant's son; commanded the rebel army that drove the Mongols out of China in 1368. That year he became the 1st Ming Emperor. He continued to rule from the former Yuan capital of Manjing in the south. ESTABLISHED MING DYNASTY.
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Yonglo
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Hongwu's son. Became emperor after his father's death. He continued many of his father's policies, although he moved the royal court to Beijing.
GREATEST OF MING EMPERORS. Sends out Zheng He to project Chinese culture and to show off Chinese wealth. |
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Zheng He
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A Chinese MUSLIM admiral that led all of the 7 voyages. His expeditions were remarkable for their size. Everything about them was large-distances travled, flect size, and ship measurements. Voyages ranged from south east Asia to eastern Arica.
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Isolationism
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A policy avoiding military conflict with other countries. Causes trade to stop and education slows down.
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Forbidden City
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Ordered to be constructed after YONGLO moved the Chinese capital to Beijing. Construction took 14 years, from 1406 to 1420. Red walls 35 feet in height surrounded the complex.
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Qing Dynasty
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China's last dynasty, which ruled from 1644-1912. Ruled for more the 250 years.
Formed by manchu |
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Kangxi
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Became emperor in 1601 and ruled for some 60 years. He reduced government expenses and lowered taxes. A scholar and patron of the arts, he gained the support of intellectuals by offering them government positions.
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Qianlong
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Kangxi's grandson. Who ruled from 1736 to 1795. He often rose at dawn to work on the empire's problems. 60 YEARS.
CALLED OF TAX COLLECTION because they had so much money. |
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Middle Kingdom
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Chinese country that has been the cultural center of the universe for 2,000 years.
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Kowtow
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Ritual that involved kneeling in front of the emperor and touching one's head to the ground 9 times.
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Sengoku
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Time in Japanese history, which lasted from 1467 to 1568. Also known as the 'warring states' period.
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Daimyo
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Wealthy japanese nobles
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Oda Nobunaga
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Defeated his rivals and seized the imperial capital Kyoto in 1568. Moto is "RULE EMPEROR BY FORCE." 1st person to make an effort to unfiy Japan.
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Seppuku
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A ritual suicide of a samurai.
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Toyotomi Hideyoshi
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Nobunaga's best general. Continued his fallen leader's missions. Set out to destory the daimyo that remained hostile.
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Bushido
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Japanese warrior ethinic.
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Takugawa Ieyasu
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1 of hideyoshi's strongest daimyo allies. Completed the unification of Japan. Moves capital to Edo. Gives himself title of Shogun.
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Edo
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Modern city of Japan. Would later become the city of Tokyo.
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Alternating Attendance
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Helped Ieyasu tame the daimyo.
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Kabuki
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A type of theather in Japan.
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Nagasaki
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Portuguese ships arrived there in the 1500s. Open to forgeign traders. PORT IN SOUTHERN JAPAN. The Dutch were only really allowed to trade there.
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Colony
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A land controlled by another nation.
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Amerigo Vespucci
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An italian in the service of the Protugal, also travled along the eastern coast of South America.
WAS A MAP MAKER USA NAMED AFTER HIM. |
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Pedro Alvares Cabral
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Important Portugese Admiral.
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Circumnavigation
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travel around the world.
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Hernando Cortes
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A spainard that landed on the shores of Mexico b/c he heard there was treasure.
Meets Melinche. Convinces others to conquer the Inca Empire. |
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Conquistadors
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The Spanish soldiers, explorers, and fortune hunters who took part in the conquest of the Americas in the 16th century.
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Montezuma 2
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He was a Priest before he was a warrior. The LAST emperor of the Aztecs.
Killed by Hernando Cortes. |
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Malinche
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Woman that became guide and translator.
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Disease
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Invisible warrior that walked along side the spainards.
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Pizarro
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Led conquest of Inca Empire of Peru.
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Atahualpa
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Last soverign emperor of the Inca Empire.
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Peninsulares
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What the spanish were known as to the Americans.
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Mestizos
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A person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.
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Encomiendas
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A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it.
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Brazil
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Was outside of Spanish control.
Controlled by Portugese. |
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Mulattos
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African Herity.
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Creales
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People of spanish or portugese, that were born in America.
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Ponce de Leon
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Claimed Florida for Spain.
Spanish explorer. Heard rumors of a fountiain of youth. |
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Fransisco Coronado
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Led expedition throughout much of presant-day Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. Searching for wealthy empire to conquer.
SEARCHING FOR CIV. THAT WASN"T THERE. 1st to see Grand Canyon. |
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Impact of exploration
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Took Language.
Religion. Military Technology. (the best, spanish steel) BEST HOREMENSHIP. As soon as they got money they spent it. Started buying things from foreigners making Spain weaker and others stronger. |
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Bartholome de lass casas
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Dominican MONK.
Suggested to enslave Africans. |
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Northwest Passage
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A nothwest trade route through North America to Asia.
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French Explorers and Fur trade
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Lots of fur trade come from Russia.
Allow them to have better relationships with Indians. |
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Jamestown
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1st permanent settlement.
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Pilgrims
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Founded colony of Plymouth in Massachusetts.
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Puritans
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Found Massachusetts Bayq
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Henry Hudson
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Explored 3 waterways that were later named after him.
Looks for northwest passage. |
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European countries in the Caribbean
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On these islands the Europeans built huge cotton and sugar plantations.
Where most of the money was made of came through. Haiti went from rich to poor. Once they got independence they didn't do business anymore. |
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French and Indian war
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A conflict b/t Britain and France for control of territory in N.A.
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King Philip's War
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B/t Colonists and Native Americans.
Colonists WON. |
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Effect of Exploration on N.A.
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Lost of Land
Culture Change. Decrease of N.A. through disease and battles. |
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Atlantic Sea Trade
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A massive enterprise.
Selling off africans in the americas. |
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Triangler trade
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Trade b/t Europe, Africa, & the New World.
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Middle Passage
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The voyage that brought captured Africans to the west indies. To be sold as slaves.
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Columbian Exchange
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Exchange of biological goods.
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Products from Amercia to the World
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Squash,TOBACCO,turkey,sweet potato,bananas,sugar cane.
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Products form the world to the amercians
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Livestock; pigs, horse, cattle.
Peas, rice. Diseases; smallpox, measles. |
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Capitalism
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greatest economic system
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Inflation
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Occurs when people have more money to spend thus the demand more goods and service.
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Joint Stock Company
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Designed for people to invest in foreign countries.
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Merchantilism
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Selling more goods then one bought.
Beased upon the amount of gold bars they had in reserve. Colonies benefited their mother country by providing more wealth. |
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Balance of Trade
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To sell more goods then you buy.
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