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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rome
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The center of the empire developed:
-roads -large army -diverse water trade routes -wealth -strong centralized gov. -united |
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Pax Romana
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-A time of wealth and power for the roman empire (roman peace)
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Emperor Makers
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-soldiers elect their generals
-fight and cause civil war in rome -starts to decentralize gov. |
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Villas
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-countryside estate owned by aristocrat
-decline of empire=roman nobilities live on estates and become self sufficient -coloni seek protection+ are tied to land |
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(LT) Villas
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-w/ fall of Rome villas evolve into self-sufficent manors
-coloni=serfs -aristocrats=lords |
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Coloni
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-cultivators
-legally tied to land - coloni decree (nicaea council) |
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Agrarian
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-agricultural society
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Objectivity
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-open minded
-unbiast opinion or perception |
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Judaism
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-monotheistic religion
-backbone of christianity -jesus' teachings -Torah- people of the book= Jews, Christians, Muslims |
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Jesus
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-creator of xianity
-beleived to be son of god -based teachings on Judaism, parables -gave people hope= can edure despair -message= sermon on the mount |
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(LT) Jesus
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-xianity becomes a major force in history
-xianity+ church will replace power structure in W. Rome -hope carries peasants through middle ages |
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Golden Rule
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-Jesus' message
-treat others as you want to be treated -therefore no laws are needed |
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Paul
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-founder of xian theology
-father= pharisee- jewish sect that strictly upheld traditions and laws of religion -roman citizen so could travel around and spread religion |
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Parables
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-(the boy cries wolf)
-(prodable son) - stories with morals -or gospels that teach lessons |
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Messiah
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Judaism- the leader
Xianity- son of god |
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Hope
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-ability to endure dispair
-motivational |
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(LT) Hope
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-made xianity grow
-as rome fell people needed hope so looked to xianity |
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Zoroastrianism
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-light will always win over dark
-Ahura Mazda- god of light -sent son mithras down to fight prince of darkness |
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Diocletian
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-emperor-A.D. 284
-restored romes strength: -limited personal freedoms -doubled army -fixed prices to stop inflation - made farmers and workers keep jobs -restored honor of being emperor by persecuting xians and saying he was son of god -split empire, maimian ruler of west and himself ruler of the east - slowed decline of rome but retired and civil war- four rivals for power |
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Constantine
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-first xian emperor of rome
-constantine fights with licinius against maxentinius and maxeminius and win. -they issue edict of milan -moved capital to constantinople in east -establishes ceasaropapism- secular leader (king) beleives has the right to settle religious affairs |
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(LT) Constantine
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-changed xianity from persecuted sect to dominant religion
-richer centralized government in east because of constantinople (away from feudalism) -kings/ emperors beleive they are agents of god= christianized empire in east |
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Battle of Milvian Bridge
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-313- Maxentrinius vs. Constantine
-Constantine has a vision of a burning cross+ voice says "conquer by this" -tells troups of vision and to put cross on sheilds -army thinks god is on their side+ win -constantine becomes a xian |
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(LT) Battle of Milvian Bridge
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-christianized empire in east becuase of burning cross and constantine becomes a xian
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Edict of Milan
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-religious freedom
-restores order peace and prosperity -plea for help- rome is in trouble (west) -unity and gains control over population for constantine |
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(LT) Edict of Milan
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establishes divine right= the right to rule comes from god
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Nicaea Council
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-325-arians are enemies of church
-church inherits property+structure is established - nicaean creed -coloni decree- surfs tied to land -Arius vs. Athinasius -called by constantine |
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(LT) Nicaea Council
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-persecution of arians by catholics
-church fills void left by collapse of W.- church is gov. -Surfdom= no social mobility |
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Arius vs. Athinasius
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Arius- god creates jesus-god= divine #1 -jesus= semidivine #2
-polytheistic arians Athinasius- jesus= god on earth - jesus+ god are one -monotheistic nicenes Athinasius wins |
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Arians
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enemies of church
god and jesus are different |
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Nicene Christains
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followers of nicene creed
one god |
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Alaric
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-king of visigoths- wants terrritory for his people (warriors, women, children)
-arian christian -410- sacks rome for land |
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Huns
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-horse warriors
-children raised with horses -reflex bow+ stirrup= superior mobility+ firepower -exposed weakness of west to germanic tribes -from central asia |
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(LT) Huns
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-pushed visigoths into rome- huns on one side and rome on the other, barbarians would rather fight rome
-visigoths fight rome for 1st rome defeat - 410 alaric sacks rome+takes spain -accelerated fall of rome (feudalism) |
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Mercenaries
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-hired warriors (usually germans)
- had no loyalty for empire - showed that empire was weakening |
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Battle of Adrianople
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-378- roman emperor valens lead army against visigoths
-visigoths win- scatter roman forces+ kill emperor -rome= defensless ...german tribes begin to move towards roman borders |
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Germanic People
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-seminomads
-strong + courageous in battle -polytheistic -governed through tribal assemblies of voting freemen -live east of rine+ north or danube -began to mix w/ romans but refrained by attacking rome when it was weak |
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City of God
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heaven
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4 blocks of Civilization
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Calendar
city division of labor written language |
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Visigoths
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-pushed into rome by the huns
-lived there but were treated badly -finally decided to fight rome for land in 410 |
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St. Augustine
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-all humans are evil
-obtain grace to cleanse soul- controlled by church through 7 sacraments -from hell go through church to god and obtain 7 sacraments -marriage -baptism -confirmation |
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Judaism/ Christianity Split
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jesus dies...
-christians beleive he was messiah -jews didn't |
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(LT) St. Augustine
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-creates most powerful entity in W. europe
-controls every aspect of individual life -church will take over power in W. europe |
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Feudalism
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-decentralized form of gov based solely on holding of land
-split into those who hold land dont pray |
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Manor
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where the lord lives
self-sufficent villa |
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Lord
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owner of the manor
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