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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do the following place names come from and what are they the names of now: Tuscany, Romania, Galicia.
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Tuscany: Eturuscans
Romania: from Rome, most romanized province Galicia: from the Gauls |
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What are the Gauls aka, how would you describe them (what qualities were they famous for), what did the Gauls do to the city of Rome that traumatized the Romans, and how did this affect the Roman attitude towards them for centuries to come?
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a) Rough, tough, and buff
b) Gauls sacked the city of Rome c) Romans respected/feared Gauls for 300 years |
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What 4 present day people/nations claim to have descended from the Gauls?
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french, scots, welsh, irish
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What do we call the languages spoken by the Scots, the Irish and the Welsh and where is the name of these languages derived from?
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all speak different forms of the Gaelic language
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Which US basketball team is named after the Gauls and why, of all NBA teams, it is the team from that particular city that was named after them?
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a) The celtics, Gauls also called Celts
b) celtics, the team from boston, which is the largest diaspora in the US, irish descending from the Celts |
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What does the famous actress Catherine Zeta Jones (She is married to Michael Douglas, a famous actor, whose father, Kirk Douglas, played Spartacus, the leader of the anti-Roman slave rebellion, in the movie “Spartacus”, a scene from which I showed you in class (the one with the Roman army marching onto the battlefield in the checkerboard formation). Catherine’s and Michael’s birthdays fall on the same day - September 25 - only 25 years apart…coincidence? I don’t think so!) have to do with the Gauls?
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she's welsh--descendants from Gauls
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hat is the meaning of the expression pyrrhic victory, and what is the origin of that expression (who was Pyrrhus, who did he defeat in 2 battles, what was his reply when being congratulated on his 2nd victory and why did he say what he said)?
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a) it means to win, but you have to sacrifice something--not worth it
b) Prryhus was a greek king who beat the Romans in 2 battles, but lost so many of his men--not worth it |
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ou will be given a cartoon from your handout with a runner crossing the finish line and you will need to explain how it illustrates a pyrrhic victory.
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even though the runner won, the cost was much greater because the cost was losing his life--not worth it
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Who were the Carthaginians and why were the wars between them and the Romans called “Punic”?
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they originated from the phoenicians whos ancestors moved to N. Africa and establish a colony called Carthage, which conquered land and became an empire//Called Punic because the Romans kept pronouncing the Phoenician name wrong to it eventually puni--punic
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What was the difference between the Roman Republican “conscript” non-professional army and its volunteer professional Imperial form? (4 examples)
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conscript army=citizens from Italy only, imperial is citizens from Italy + subjects from provinces
conscript army called up as needed fro as long as the war lasted, imperial army signed up when wanted for 20-25 years conscript army went home after war, imperial stayed at army camps conscript army had no salary, imperial had one |
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What was the name of Roman army’s largest unit, and what is the name we use for Roman soldiers/GIs?
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legion//legionary
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What is the connection between the Roman army and Century Boulevard?
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smalles unit was called a century, as in century boulevard
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What is the connection between the Roman army and 100 years?
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smalles unit in roman army called a century, century is a 100 years-100 soldiers
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What is the term used for Roman officers/sergeants?
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centurion
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Where does the word “gladiator” come from, and what is the present-day meaning and historical origin of the word “to decimate”?
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Gladiator--means swordsmen (galdus-short sword)
Disobedience in the army led to a decimation where they would kill every tenth soldier//tod |
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What did the Romans refer to as a province, what was the name of Rome’s 1st province and how did Rome get it?
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any area under Roman rule outside of Italy
Sicily-got it by winning 1st punic war, fought over control of Sicily |
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Who was Hamilcar Barca, and what Spanish city bears Barca’s name?
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he was a carthaginian general, bitter at lost of 1st punic war and vowed revenge against Rome//Barcelona
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ou will be given a map marking Barcelona and a picture of Hannibal and you will need to explain the connection between the 2.
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hannibal was the son of Hamilcar Barca. Barca made Hannibal swear to hate Rome forever
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Briefly summarize Hannibal’s oath.
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be Rome hata forevah
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What can you say about Hannibal’s education, character, intellect and appearance?
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highly educated, physically fit, highly ambitious, fugly (patch over eye)
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What became Hannibal’s sole life ambition/obsession?
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getting even with Rome
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Why did the Romans think that it would be impossible for Hannibal to bring his army to Italy by land (3 reasons)?
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land route was too long/difficult
had to cross 2 major mtn ranges would have to fight the Gauls |
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Why did it take Hannibal 6 months to go from Spain to Italy while we now can make this trip in 2 hours?
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had to fight Gauls, cross rivers and mtn ranges
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What animals made Hannibal’s trip so special and why?
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he brought 36 elephants
he did all of the b4 with elephants |
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Why was the Roman defeat at the battle of Cannae so a) humiliating, and b) devastating for the Romans (think soldiers, consuls, and senators)?
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60,000 Romans killed in 1 day
out of 85k, 15 k survived 1 consul and around 80 senators killed humiliating because the Romans outnumbered the Carthaginians yet lost 10 times more men |
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What 2 perspectives can you offer to demonstrate the scale of the Roman loss at Cannae? (Think World War I and the Vietnam War.)
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this was the larges 1 day death toll, until WW1
USA lost 60k ppl over 16 years of fighting |
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What 3 things did the Romans do in response to Hannibal’s demand to surrender and which 2 Roman virtues did this demonstrate?
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refused, issued law on banning public crying, and raised another army made up of slaves and the poor
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Was Hannibal ever defeated in Italy and why did he eventually have to leave Italy and go back to Carthage?
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never defeated
had to go back when Romans took over Carthage and forced government to make Hannibal come back |
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How did Hannibal spend the last years of his life, and how did he die?
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on the run
died by poison suicide |
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Why did he commit suicide?
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to die nobly rather than to die in shame
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What were the 4 things Carthage lost as a result of its defeat in the 2nd Punic War (the outcome of the war)?
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all land except for city itself
lost army lost navy had to ay Rome tax of 20 tons of gold over the next 50 years |
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hat 3 famous examples show Carthaginians’ resilience and resourcefulness during the siege of Carthage by the Romans in the Third Punic War?
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people planted gardens on lawns
hunted down animals women cut hair to make rope for catapults |
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What was the outcome of the Third Punic War for the city of Carthage and its people?
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out of 250k, 200k died and 50k got enslaved and shipped to Rome
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Was there the 4th Punic War, and why or why not?
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no, city gone
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What kind of deal did the Romans offer to the people they conquered: the 3 things they demanded and 3 things they offered in return?
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demanded taxes, serve in army as needed
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Provide 10 examples of things which the people conquered by the Romans benefited from.
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public baths, education, roads, aquaducts, wine, medicine, irrigation, sewers, public order, peaceu
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In the scene from The Life of Brian I showed you in class, why do the rebels seem to not really have a good explanation/justification for why they want to overthrow the Roman rule?
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living under the Roman rule is so beneficial to the roman civ., but detremental to the slaves
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The Romans are credited with the invention of concrete: what are the advantages concrete has as a construction material, how does this explain something about the Roman ruins, and how do we still keep benefitting from this Roman invention?
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a) strong,durable, moldable, long lastin, water proof
b)still have ruins made from concrete c) still use concrete today |
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How extensive was the network of Roman roads (list 3 major geographical areas they connected), what quality made them such a reliable, convenient and efficient mode of transportation, and how do some of these roads appear to still be useful?
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western and southern Europe, the middle east, N. Africa--paved with cobble stones
many modern highways on top of original roman roads |
