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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The term referring to plants and animals modified by selective breeding so as to serve human needs is
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Domesticated
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The period beginning in 9000 BCE during which humans obtained food by raising crops and animals and continued to use tools primarily of stone, bone, and wood is called the
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Neolithic era
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The time period which humans used tools of stone bone and wood and obtained food by gathering and hunting ran roughly from 2500-900
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Paleoethic
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When crop raising is done with hand tools and human power
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Horticulture
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The differentiation of tasks by gender, age, training, status, or other social distinction is called
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Division of labor
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Members of the family Hominidae that contains humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans are also known a
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Hominids
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A social system in which men have more power and access to resources than women and some men are dominant over other men is also known as
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patriarchy
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An economic system based on herding flocks of goats, sheep, cattle, or other animals is called
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Pastoralism
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A style of life in which people gain food by gathering plant products, trapping or catching small animals and birds, and hunting larger prey is also known as
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Foraging
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The idea that animals, plants, natural occurrences, and other parties of the physical world have spirits is called
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animism
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People of the prosperous city-states in what is now Lebanon who dominated trade through the Mediterranean and spread the letter alphabet were known as
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Phoenicians
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Belief in many deities is know as
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Polytheism
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Narrations of the achievements and sometimes the failures of heroes that embody a people’s or a nation’s conception of its own past. This type of writing first developed in ancient Sumeria and was called
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Epic Poems
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What is the term for Egyptian letter, including both ideograms and phonetic signs, written with a brush on papyrus sheets or on walls?
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Hieroglyphs
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Who was the leader of religious and political life in the old kingdom, who also commanded the wealth, the resources, and the people of Egypt?
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Pharaoh
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A large family of languages that includes English, most of the languages of modern Europe, greek, latin, Persian, hindi
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Indo-european language family
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A temple in the form of a step-pyramid built in the center of a Mesopotamian city to honor the gods was called
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Zigguarat
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What book preserved Egyptians’ ideas about death and the afterlife
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Book of the dead
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The wedge-shaped writing system that developed in Sumeria, the first writing system in the world is called
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Cuneiform
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What religion based on the teaching of Zoroaster and emphasized the individuals responsibility to choose between good and evil
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Zoroastrianism
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What is the Indian system of dividing society into hereditary groups whose members interacted
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Caste system
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The dominant people in north India after the decline of the indus valley spoke an early form of Sanskrit and were called?
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Aryans
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Who were the priests of the Aryans who supported the growth of royal power in the return for royal confirmation of their own religious rights, power, and status
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Brahmins
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What first Indian civilization was also known as the indus valley civilization
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Harappan
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What is the code of conduct set forth by the Buddha in his first sermon beginning with “right conduct” and ending with “right contemplation”
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Eightfold Path
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What is the transmigration of souls by a continual process rebirth called
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Samsara
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What is the term for the tally of good and bad deeds that determines the status of an individuals next life
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Karma
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What is the unchanging ultimate reality, according to the Upanishads
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Brahman
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What is the name for the earliest collection of Indian hymn, ritual texts, and philosophical treatises?
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Rigveda
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What is the name for the Buddha’s message that states (among other things) pain and suffering
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Four Noble Truths
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What is the system of writing in which each word is represented by a single symbol such as the Chinese script?
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Logographic
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The soil deposited by wind that is fertile and easy to work is called
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Loess
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One of the earliest Chinese books containing documents speeches and historical accounts about early Zhou rule is
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Book of documents
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What is another word for the Way, the whole natural order in Daoist philosophy?
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Dao
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In the lower ranks of Chinese aristocracy, these men could serve in either military of civil capacities
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Shi
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What term is a concept of complementary poles one of which represents the feminine dark, and receptive, and the other
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Yin and yang
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This is the earliest collection of Chinese poetry and it provide glimpses of what life was like in the early zhou dynasty
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Book of Songs
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A stylized animal face commonly seen in Chinese bronze is called
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Taotie
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The period of chinese history between 403 and 221 when states fought each other and one state after another was destroyed is known as
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Warring States Period
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The theory that Heaven gives the king a mandate to rule only as long as he rules in the interests of the people is known as
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Mandate of Heaven
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Name the powerful mechanical bow developed furthering the Warring state period
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Crossbow
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Which is one of the Shang dynasty capitals from which the Shang kings ruled for more than two countries
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Anyang
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The ultimate Confucian virtue is translated as perfect goodness , benevolence, humanity, himan-heartedness, and nobility
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Ren
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Who were the political theorists who emphasized the need for rigorous laws and laid the basis for Chinas later beu
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Legalists
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Reverant attitude of children
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Piety
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The die off of large animals in many parts of the world caused by climate change and hunting
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Megafaunal extinction
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Theromdramatic transformation in himan history resulting from the change from foraging to raising crops and animals is called
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Agricultural revolution
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The group of homo erecturs with brains as large as those modern humans that flourished in Europe and western Asia between 1500….are known as
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Neanderthals
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Spiritually adapt men and women who communicated with the unseen world are called
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Shamans
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The divisions between rich and poor elites and common people have been a central feature of human
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Social hierarchies
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Who was the all-powerful god of the Hebrew people and the basis for the enduring religious traditions of Judaism
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Yahweh
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What is the state of blissful nothingness and freedom from reincarnation
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Nirvana
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What were the written teaching of the Buddha, first transcribed in the second or first century B.C.E called
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Sutras
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What is the “Great Vehicle” a tradition of Buddhism that aspiresto be more inclusive
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Mahayana
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Buddhas-to-be who stayed in the world after enlightenment to help other find the path to salvation
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Buddhisttvas
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The Sanskrit word for moral law central both
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Dharma
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What is the term for the codification of early Indian law that lays down family caste and commercial law
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CODE OF MANU
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