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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Natural Rights
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Rights not dependent on laws, customs or beliefs of a particular society
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Natural Law
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The belief that human behavior can be understood and explained by science
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Social Contract
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A contract that man agrees to by giving up certain freedoms to maintain social order
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Salon
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A gathering of intellectual and cultural elite for the purpose of discussing and developing ideas
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Philosophe
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French enlightenment thinkers- writers and scholars concerned with arguments grounded in logic, science, reason.
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Divine Right of Kings
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The King’s authority to rule comes from God. King is God’s representative on earth.
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Empiricism
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School of thought based in the use of empirical evidence to arrive at conclusions.
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Deism
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A belief in a God who created a rational universe with natural laws but who no longer intervenes in the course of events.
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Thomas Paine
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Writing:
Age of Reason Common Sense Beliefs: Deism |
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Baron de Montesquieu
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Writing:
The Spirit of Law Beliefs: Separation of Church & State Separation of power b/w branches of Gov't |
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Denis Diderot
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Writing:
Encyclopedia Beliefs: Enlightenment through Education |
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Voltaire
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Writing:
Candide Beliefs: Enlightened Despotism 1st amendment rights |
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Adam Smith
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Writing:
The Wealth of Nations Beliefs: Father of Capitalism |
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Thomas Hobbes
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Against:
divine right of kings Sate of Nature -- the life of men is nasty brutish and short Promote: Social Contract Enlightened Despotism Economic progression through industry, commerce, invention |
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Caesare Beccaria
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Against:
Death Penalty & torture Judges making laws (biased) Contemporary form of sentencing Promote: Life in prison Punishment fitting the crime Accused & convicted are different |
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Mary Wollstoncraft
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Against:
Chastity applied only to women Enlightenment without women -- democracy not applying to women?! Women left with no way to make $$ Promote: Women rights to be thought out Capacity of reason -- all men and women are equal The more educated women, more educated children |
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Immanuel Kant
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Against:
People not being Enlightened Church control of gov't False consciousness Promote: Separation of Church and state women education people thinking for themselves |
