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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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founding of Rome
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Aeneas escaped from Troy, stopped in Carthage, and then settled in Italy
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founders of Rome
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twin brothers, Romulus, and Remus, whose grandfather Numitor was a descendant of Aeneas; Romulus kills Remus
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Roman monarchy
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753-509 BC; army legion of 3,000 to 6,000 men; formation of senate; Five kings rule-Tarquin the last of these, two kings are non-Indo-European or Etruscan; rape of Lucretia; Brutus overthrew, Res Republica/public affair
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The Roman Republic
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509-531 BC; Senatus Populusque Romanus
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cursus honorum
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in the Roman Republic, the race of honor; sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians
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Roman Republic Senate
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made up of people who had served in the cursus honorum; they determined expenditures, revenues, tributes and taxes from allies; no real power b/c they could not pass laws
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Comitia Centuria
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democratic assembly of Roman republic soldiers; for military age commoners; had the power to elect tribunes, declare war, approve laws from senate, and listen to citizens' appeals
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Roman republic dictatorship
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dictators elected whenever Rome needed a leader quickly; this ensured powerful leadership without restriction; limit of 6 months in office; example is Cincinnatus
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Roman republic client relationship
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poor seek the protection of the wealthy; in return the poor give wealthy votes and labor; everyone either had a client or was a client
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Roman republic military service requirements
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military forces farmers to be away from their farm; many become poor and head to Rome, masses of people
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Gauls
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Celtic peoples who defeated the Romans
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Samnite wars
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358-298 BC; Military legion formation changed to maniples (three lines
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Pyrrhus of Epirus
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Greek general who defeated Rome twice, but had heavy losses to his army; eventually lost at Beneventum
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Punic Wars
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264-146 BC; war between Carthage navy and Roman army over Sicily; Carthage abandons Sicily and Rome takes Corsica and Sardinia
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Hannibal
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Carthaginian military commander who crossed Alps in the winter to fight Scipio's Roman army in the second Punic War; Hannibal is defeated and Rome takes Carthage
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late Roman republic
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During this time farmers lose land and move to Rome; Italian allies want citizenship
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Gracchi
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Tiberius and Gaius; set limits on land ownership and redistributed what was left to the poor; Tiberius assassinated, Gaius commits suicide
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optimates
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Gacchi senatorial rule
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populares
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Gacchi rule through popular assembly
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