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157 Cards in this Set
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Producing or stimulating physical, mental, or emotional vigor, invigorating, energizing, exhilarant
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exhilarating
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Winners take time to relish their work, knowing that scaling the mountain is what makes the view from the top so exhilarating. — Denis Waitley.
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1. Being or seeming to be without an end; endless, continual.
2. Tiresomely long; tedious. |
interminable
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At the age of four or six, a year seems interminable; at sixty, the years begin to blend and are frequently hard to separate from each other because they move so fast!
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To dull the senses, as with a heavy blow, a shock, or fatigue: bedaze, bemuse, benumb, daze
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stupefy
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I will stupefy my audience with this outrageous stunt.
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1. any extinct true elephant of the family Elephantidae
2. anything very large. 3. very large; enormous Synonyms: colossal, enormous |
mammoth
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The mammoth boulders blocked the road and stopped traffic for weeks.
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an auxiliary activity
Synonyms: hobby |
avocation
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One of my avocations is scrap booking.
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Giving assistance or support; helping.
Acting as a subsidiary; supplementary An individual or group that assists or functions in a supporting capacity |
auxiliary
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The hospital auxiliary raised ten thousand dollars.
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An excessive or inordinate desire of material wealth.
Synonyms: greed |
avarice
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Many thought avarice was to blame for the collapse of Wall Street.
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Greatest in importance or degree or significance or achievement
Synonyms: greatest, leading, superior |
preeminent
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Julia's dad was a preeminent scholar, fluent in over ten languages and having read thousands of books.
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To form a mental image of something
Synonyms: imagine, envision |
envisage
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Julia happily envisaged the day of her wedding, imagining all the details down to the icing on the cake and the bridesmaids' dresses.
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to look at critically or searchingly
Synonyms: inspect |
scrutinize
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She scrutinized her likeness in the mirror.
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Wrongful conduct or an illegal act, typically by a public official
Synonyms: misconduct, wrongdoing |
malfeasance
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The Governor committed an act of malfeasance when he failed to carry out the directives of the Legislature.
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An optical effect based on the reflection of light waves, that creates an illusionary image.
Synonyms: misconception, optical illusion |
mirage
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Heat rising from the desert sands frequently led people to see a lake-like mirage on the horizon.
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To do away with completely so as to leave no trace, abolish
To wipe out, rub off, or erase (writing or other markings). |
obliterate
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Beware of allowing a tactless word, a rebuttal, a rejection to obliterate the whole sky.
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Relating to or caused by disease.
Of, relating to, or manifesting behavior that is habitual, maladaptive, and compulsive |
pathological
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Rates of severe depression among “pathological” internet users were 2.5 times those of the others.
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To bring heavy destruction on; devastate
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ravage
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The river of lava will eventually ravage the town below the volcano.
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Suffering from a sudden loss of movement and consciousness.
Extremely angry; furious |
apoplectic
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The doctors were confused about the patient's apoplectic condition.
졸중의, 매우 흥분하는 |
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Done routinely and with little interest or care
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perfunctory
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Numerous illnesses that were once difficult to detect may now be diagnosed through perfunctory blood tests.
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Having or marked by the power to take precedence
Designed or having the power to deter or prevent an anticipated situation or occurrence |
preemptive
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The two companies organized a preemptive alliance against a possible takeover by another firm.
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Physically or mentally demanding to the point of exhaustion; difficult, taxing
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grueling
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The course for the bicycle race went up many hills and was extremely grueling for the racers.
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1. savagely fierce or cruel; violently harsh; brutal
2. extreme or intense. |
ferocious
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The ferocious lion lunged at his prey.
a ferocious beating. |
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excessively thin; lean
Synonyms: bony, thin |
scrawny
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The lost dog looked awfully scrawny so we gave him some food.
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comical in an odd or whimsical manner
Synonyms: humorous |
droll
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He was a droll little man with a quiet tongue-in-cheek kind of humor.
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strong feelings of embarrassment; cause to feel ashamed
Synonyms: humiliate, mortify |
chagrin
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Helena was chagrined at the sight of her huge pimple on picture day.
He was chagrined at the poor sales of his book. |
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Very reluctant to give out information
Synonyms: guarded, incommunicative, unrevealing |
noncommital
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When Heidi asked her boyfriend whether he had enjoyed meeting her parents, he gave a noncommittal shrug.
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Shockingly repellent, inspiring horror
Synonyms: gruesome, macabre, ghastly, grim, hideous, horrible |
grisly
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After the gunfight, the citizens of Dodge were confronted with the grisly sight of four dead bodies.
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To lock up or confine, in or as in a jail
Synonyms: imprison, jail |
incarcerate
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Everyone was shocked and disappointed when the mild-mannered and friendly mailman was incarcerated for breaking into and robbing three houses.
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Close in time; About to occur
Synonyms: impending |
imminent
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Sam's imminent departure for college motivated his family to spend as much time together as possible.
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support or advocate , To take in marriage; marry.
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espouse
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as if asleep; quiet; still , inactive
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dormant
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dormant volcano
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gruff, rude, or ill-tempered, irritating
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surly
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The show’s host was usually genial, but he had a reputation for turning surly when provoked by guests who challenged his opinions.
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Having a pleasant or friendly disposition or manner. gracious, friendly
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genial
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The genial sunshine . . . saturating his miserable body with its warmth" (Jack London).
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tending to intrude
Troubling to the mind or emotions: disruptive, distressful Given to intruding in other people's affairs: interfering, meddlesome |
intrusive
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Stubbornly persevering; tenacious; obstinate,determined, persistent
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dogged
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The fear that he had forgotten something important dogged him all the way home.
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dizzy.
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giddy
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a giddy climb to the topmast
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Not domesticated or cultivated; wild
Not civilized; barbaric |
savage
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savage beasts of the jungle.
a people living in a savage state. |
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Full of unrestrained enthusiasm or joy.
Lavish; extravagant. Extreme in degree, size, or extent. |
exuberant
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The exuberant crowd jumped out of its seats when the goal was scored.
풍부한, 기운찬, 화려한 |
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A procedure or set of maneuvers engaged in to achieve an end, an aim, or a goal
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tactics
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Young girls spend two weeks learning Girlworld survival tactics.
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The condition or fact of being dominant
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ascendance
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China’s ascendance is for real and that the rest of the world will have to reckon with a new economic superpower.
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(+ with))
To take into account or deal with |
reckon
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a man to be reckoned with.
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To be or become stagnant.
deteriorate |
stagnate
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(물이) 괴다, 발달이 멎다, 불경기가 되다
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blow, especially with the fist.
Informal-Influence; pull |
clout
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Women in dual-earner households are gaining in job status and earnings ... giving them more clout at work and at home.
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habitually lazy.
lethargic: humid Causing little or no pain |
indolent
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indolent weather
indolent tumor |
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Feeling or showing anger: angry, choleric, mad
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indignant
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The store manager was indignant when sales dropped for the third year in a row.
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reprove sharply; reproach, scold.
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upbraid
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It is better to advise than upbraid, for the one corrects the erring; the other only convicts them.
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Overly convinced of one's own superiority and importance: arrogant, haughty
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insolent
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Some are made modest by great praise, others insolent.
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To free from blame.
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exonerate
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The lawyer will work hard to exonerate her client.
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punish.
to criticize severely. |
catigate
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The parents will castigate their children if they stay out too late again.
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overlook, forgive without protest or censure
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condone
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Trudy couldn't condone Lee's behavior.
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Friendly and agreeable in disposition; good-natured and likable
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amiable
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Marcie did her chores amiably.
귀염성 있는, 성미가 온순한 |
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Prone to outbursts of temper; easily angered.
cantankerous, surly, fretful, peevish, crabby |
irascible
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His irascible temperament often got him into trouble.
성을 잘 내는, 성미가 급한 |
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Unaffected by disturbance; calm and unruffled
calm, peaceful |
serene
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A quiet conscience makes one so serene.
고요한, 침착한 |
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Persistently calm, whether when facing difficulties or experiencing success; not easily upset or excited
even-tempered, imperturbable, nonchalant |
unflappable
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침착한, 동요하지 않는
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Unshakably calm and collected
cool |
imperturbable
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The teacher was imperturbable no matter how rowdy her students were.
침착한, 태연한 |
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Marked by self-restraint and reticence
silent, noncommittal, unsociable |
reserved
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Not readily approached; remote.
Not friendly or sociable; aloof, unsociable |
withdrawn
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1. Arrogantly domineering or overbearing. See synonyms at dictatorial, dogmatic, bossy, peremptory
2. Urgent; pressing. 3. Obsolete. Regal; imperial. |
imperious
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전제적인, 오만한, 긴급한
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1 Sullenly ill-humored; gruff.
2 Threatening, as of weather conditions; ominous 3 Obsolete. Arrogant; domineering. |
surly
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surly clouds filled the sky.
심통 맞은, 무뚝뚝한, 고약한 |
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noun: a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn
verb: set forth beforehand, often as an explanation |
premise
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전제
전제로 말하다 |
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The act of assembling.
A body of assembled people or things; a gathering |
congregation
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집합, 회중 , 그리스도 교
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1 : relating to or adapted for walking
2 : able to walk about |
ambulatory
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The ambulatory patients didn't need wheelchairs.
adj. - 보행의, 일시적인 n. - 복도, 유보장 |
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1. draw a line around
2. restrict or confine |
circumscribe
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The artist will circumscribe the painting with just one red line.
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Full of apprehensiveness; timid.
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timorous
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Timorous minds are much more inclined to deliberate than to resolve.
겁 많은, 소심한 |
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spirited, brave
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plucky
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possessing or acting with bravery or boldness : courageous
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valiant
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She died last year after a valiant battle with cancer.
Despite their valiant efforts, they lost the game. She made a valiant attempt to fix the problem. |
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1: material used to produce a fragrant odor when burned
2: the perfume exhaled from some spices and gums when burned; broadly : a pleasing scent 3: pleasing attention : flattery |
incense
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<the heavenly incense of spring flowers>
<count on the office manager to spread the incense whenever there's a visiting VIP from the head office> |
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1: hesitant in acting or speaking through lack of self-confidence
2 archaic : distrustful 3: reserved, unassertive |
diffident
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She was diffident about stating her opinion.
<for someone who makes a living performing for other people, the actress is remarkably diffident in real life> |
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capable of being easily led, taught, or controlled : docile
easily handled, managed, or wrought : malleable |
tractable
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This new approach should make the problem more tractable.
He's a very tractable child. |
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: to restore to confidence
reinsure |
reassure
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Experts reassured the public that the accident wouldn't happen again.
I tried to reassure myself that the children were safe. The news didn't reassure him. |
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To displace and substitute for (another): replace
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supplant
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대신 들어앉다, 찬탈하다, 대신하다
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synonymous with contrast, two objects or texts that oppose one another
two random objects moving in parallel, a technique intended to stimulate creativity |
juxtaposition
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To feel blameworthy desire for (that which is another's). envy.
To wish for longingly. desire. |
covet
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I "covet" (to enviously desire someone else's property) his "covert" (shelter or hiding place).
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Incapable of being intimidated or discouraged; fearless, brave
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dauntless
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Because he was dauntless in the face of danger, the explorer won the government’s highest award for conspicuous bravery.
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Having or showing masculine spirit, strength, vigor, or power;
male |
virile
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Some actors are chosen for parts based on how virile they appear.
남성적인, 박력 있는 |
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Showing no concern, attention, or regard: careless, forgetful, mindless, unconcerned
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heedless
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부주의한, 경솔한
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Lacking adult maturity or experience; immature
inexperienced, naive, unsophisticated |
callow
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a callow young man.
풋내기의 |
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Full of apprehensiveness, easily frightened; timid.
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timorous
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Timorous minds are much more inclined to deliberate than to resolve.
겁 많은, 소심한 |
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Easy to notice; obvious
noticeable prominent, pronounced, remarkable, salient |
conspicuous
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An inability to stay quiet is one of the conspicuous failings of mankind.
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Being of vital or central importance; crucial
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pivotal
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Its pivotal location has also exposed it to periodic invasions.
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A place where two things are joined; a junction or joint.
A point in time, especially a critical point; crisis. |
juncture
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접합점, 위기
Indexes stuck at pivotal juncture |
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1. warmly and pleasantly cheerful; cordial, gracious
affable, agreeable, amiable, congenial, cordial, 2. pleasantly warm; comfortably mild, 3. characterized by genius. |
genial
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The newcomers were quite genial in their greetings to the group.
The genial sunshine . . . saturating his miserable body with its warmth |
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carefree and happy; showing a lack of due concern
lighthearted, unconcerned, debonair |
blithe
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Nicola spoke with blithe ignorance of the true situation.
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to wear off or die down
Synonyms: lessen, settle |
subside
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The pain subsided after several hours.
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Belonging to a thing by its very nature
Synonyms: inherent |
intrinsic
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Heat is an intrinsic property of flame.
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To teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions
Synonyms: infuse, instill, pound |
inculcate
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Parents work hard to inculcate the concepts of right and wrong on their children.
되풀이 하여 가르치다, 설득하다, (사상 등을) 주입하다 |
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1. Contemptibly small in amount; Not worth considering
Synonyms: meager, trifling, worthless 2.Of decidedly inferior quality; cheap, lousy |
paltry
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Although Taylor only made a paltry donation of five dollars to the organization, the members were grateful for his desire to help.
The paltry amount of snow was not enough to ski on. |
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A behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual
Synonyms: mannerism, peculiarity , eccentricity, singularity |
idiosyncrasy
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특질, 개성
While many people were disturbed by Jake's obsession with rats, his friends simply dismissed it as a harmless idiosyncrasy. |
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The color of blood; flushed
cheerful and confident; rosy Synonyms: optimistic |
sanguine
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Becca was rather sanguine after the taking her last midterm exam.
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to run counter to
Synonyms: oppose, contradict , violate, gainsay, negate |
contravene
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Gangs contravene authority.
When he told a lie, I felt I needed to contravene. 위반하다, 부정하다 |
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1.Complexly detailed: complicated, elaborate, fancy
2. Difficult to understand because of intricacy: byzantine, complex, complicated |
intricate
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The success of the Norman Invasion depended on an intricate logistical operation: in planning it, William the Conqueror wisely left no detail overlooked.
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Free from stain or blemish
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untarnished
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Containing or derived from error; mistaken, fallacious, false, wrong
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erroneous
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erroneous conclusions
The common idea that success spoils people by making them vain, egotistic, and self-complacent is erroneous; on the contrary, it makes them, for the most part, humble, tolerant, and kind. |
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Free from what obscures or dims: clear, crystal clear
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crystalline
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The setting or marking of boundaries or limits.
A separation; a distinction |
demarcation
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a line of demarcation between two rock strata
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To evoke a feeling of shared emotion or belief
To correspond closely or harmoniously |
resonate
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공명하다, 울려 퍼지다
The specter of 9/11 continues to resonate in the national consciousness. |
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Showing impairment of energy or strength; weak, asthenic, enervated
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debilitated
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The accident left Tom not so much incapacitated as debilitated: he was left weak, but the doctors gave him reason to expect reocovery.
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bedeprived of strength or ability; disabled
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incapacitated
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“Debilitated” refers to an often temporary loss of strength, less severe than becoming “incapacitated,” or deprived of strength or ability.
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To deprive of strength; make feeble
debilitate, devitalize, enervate, undermine, undo, unnerve, weaken |
enfeeble
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약하게 하다
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1. To clear of accusation, blame, suspicion, or doubt with supporting arguments or proof:
2. To provide justification or support for |
vindicate
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"Our society permits people to sue for libel so that they may vindicate their reputations" (Irving R. Kaufman).
vindicate one's claim. ~의 혐의를 풀다, 진실성을 입증하다 |
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1. Gradual return to health and strength after illness.
2.The period needed for returning to health after illness. |
convalescence
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건강회복
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Being or seeming to be everywhere at the same time; omnipresent
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ubiquitous
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Political signs are ubiquitous right before any election.
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Tending to bring about or stimulate
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provocative
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It is a fascinating and provocative thought that a body of water deserves to be considered as an organism in its own right. — Lyall Watson
성나게 하는, 도발적인 |
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noun..
A depiction or interpretation, as in painting or music; execution, interpretation, rendition A drawing in perspective of a proposed structure. A translation |
rendering
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The architect's rendering of the proposed museum was exhibited throughout the city to gain taxpayer support for the plan.
번역[문], 표현, 반환물 |
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Offensive to accepted standards of decency or modesty.
Inciting lustful feelings; lewd. Repulsive; disgusting indecent, offensive, immoral |
obscene
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They found the violence in the film to be obscene and quickly left the theater.
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Admitting of no doubt or misunderstanding; clear and unambiguous
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uniequivocal
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애매하지 않은, 명백한, 솔직한
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Appearing as such but not necessarily so;
apparent, external, ostensive, outward, seeming, superficial |
ostensible
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Michael’s compliments to his boss were ostensibly sincere, but Andrea correctly suspected they had more to do with his desire for a promotion than with his genuine feelings.
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1. Having greatest ascendancy, importance, influence, authority, or force; dominant, prevailing, regnant, ruling
2. Most common or conspicuous; main or prevalent, widespread |
predominant
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The city's population is predominantly Irish.
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1. separate the limbs from the body
2. divide into pieces |
dismember
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Their first lab assignment was to dismember a formaldehyde-drenched frog.
수족을 자르다, (국토를) 분할하다 |
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n. Something enormous in size or power; mammoth, monster, titan
adjective.Of extraordinary size and power |
behemoth
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a.Capable of living, developing, or germinating under favorable conditions
Capable of success or continuing effectiveness; practicable feasible, possible, practicable, workable, within reach |
viable
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a viable plan; a viable national economy
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Severe reproof; strong censure
A comment expressing fault; blame, censure, criticism, denunciation, reprehension, reprobation |
condemnation
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The president’s cancer panel this year recommended that consumers turn to organic food if possible — a stunning condemnation of our food system.
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a person who lives by begging; beggar, pauper,almsman
adj.Depending on alms for a living; practicing begging. |
mendicant
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The ancient church always had mendicants near the entrance asking for alms.
It seemed that there was a mendicant on every corner during the holidays. |
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an exchange of light playful remarks; good-natured raillery.
Synonyms: badinage, josh |
banter
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Her friends found it amusing to banter back and forth.
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rich and superior in quality
Synonyms: luxurious, princely, sumptuous , afffluent |
opulent
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The king's royal chambers were laden with opulent jewels, fabrics, and gifts from far away places.
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v.lie in wait, lie in ambush, behave in a sneakily and secretive manner
Synonyms: lurk, malinger n. Someone who lies in hiding, evades, or lurks. Synonyms: lurk, malinger |
skulk
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The robber skulked in the shadows.
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Impossible to deny or disprove
Synonyms: irrefutable, undeniable |
incontrovertible
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The photographs and eyewitnesses gave incontrovertible proof of her innocence.
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To act between parties with a view to reconcile differences
Synonyms: intervene |
intercede
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Joe's parents often had to intercede, when arguments with his little brother threatened to break into fights.
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A design that consists of recurring shapes or colors; A unifying theme that is a recurrent element in a literary or artistic work
Synonyms: motive, theme, pattern |
motif
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The sin of lust has been a motif in many great pieces of art and literature.
The wallpaper had a floral motif throughout. The red and purple flower "motif" (a figure in a design) of the wallpaper was his "motive" (the inner drive that causes one to act) for moving out of the house. |
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Suggesting the horror of death and decay
Synonyms: morbid, offensive |
ghoulish
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While Alice considered the white makeup on her face to be striking and dramatic, most people were a little frightened of its rather ghoulish effect.
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n . anything destructive or ruinous. Fatal injury or ruin
Synonyms: pain, opposing |
bane
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Lex Luther was the bane of Superman's existence.
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to set a price for; decide the value of,
to evaluate, especially in an official capacity; estimate |
appraise
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The realtor made an appointment to appraise the house.
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simultaneous conflicting feelings toward a person or thing
Uncertainty or indecisiveness as to which course to follow; equivocation |
ambivalence
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Megan was full of ambivalence about choosing a major in college.
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1. dashing courage; heroic bravery; noble-minded behavior,
2. chivalrous or flirtatious attention to women Synonyms: bravery, chivalry |
gallantry
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The soldiers behaved with extreme gallantry.
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to come together so as to form a single product; to come together at a certain location
Synonyms: meet |
converge
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The crowd converged on the movie star.
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n. the source of an artists' inspiration
v. reflect deeply on a subject Synonyms: meditate, ponder, reflect |
muse
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Edie Sedgewick was Andy Warhol's famous muse.
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To go back to bad behavior; To go back to a previous state
Synonyms: lapse, retrogress, revert |
regress
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Although Sam's improvement in math had been dramatic throughout the school year, his lack of practice during summer vacation caused him to regress again.
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Weakness characterized by a lack of vitality or energy; A state of comatose torpor
Synonyms: languor, lethargy, sluggishness, torpidity, torpor |
lassitude
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Victoria slipped into such an intense state of lassitude that she refused to leave her bed for three days.
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Someone who denies the existence of God
Synonyms: nonbeliever |
atheist
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Because Dale was an atheist, he was constantly trying to point out instances in which the Bible did not make sense.
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A regulated system of diet, exercise, etc.
Governmental rule or control Synonyms: pattern, rules |
regimen
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The doctor insisted that all her patients strictly follow their medication regimen of two pills every four hours.
The athlete had a strict regimen of exercise and diet. |
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division into two parts
Synonyms: partition, bisect |
dichotomy
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There was a dichotomy within the family on issues of food; half were vegans, the other half liked meat.
The dichotomy of their opinions is as severe as black and white. |
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to warm oneself pleasantly, as in the sunlight
To take great pleasure or satisfaction |
bask
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We were fortunate enough to see a whole herd of elk basking in the afternoon sun.
She could not "bask" (relax, luxuriate) while wearing her "basque" (tight-fitting bodice). |
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To take keen or zestful pleasure in; enjoy, savor
To enjoy the flavor of; devour An appetite for something; a strong appreciation or liking; zest, appetite, taste |
relish
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a relish for luxury
Think big thoughts but relish small pleasures. |
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tending to stimulate, bring about
Bordering on indelicacy or impropriety; aggravating |
provocative
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It is a fascinating and provocative thought that a body of water deserves to be considered as an organism in its own right.
성나게 하는, 도발적인 |
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1. Property that is or can be inherited; an inheritance.
2. Something that is passed down from preceding generations; a tradition. 3. The status acquired by a person through birth; a birthright: a heritage of affluence and social position. Synonyms: legacy, inheritance |
heritage
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The children regarded their heritage as something very precious.
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v. sharpen by rubbing; hone
make keen or stimulate Synonyms: quicken |
whet
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I read the inside cover of the book to whet my curiosity.
The frying bacon whetted my appetite. The delicious smells coming from the kitchen served to whet our appetites for dinner. |
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To give a guarantee or promise of
To lay down as a condition of an agreement, To specify or arrange in an agreement: Synonyms: qualify, specify |
stipulate
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The will stipulates that her daughter will take ownership of the house.
stipulate a date of payment and a price. When we bought our home, we stipulated that the house must be empty before we would hand over the money. |
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A predisposition in favor of something; A strong liking , preference
Synonyms: penchant, preference , partialty, bias, propensity |
predilection
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I have a predilection for futuristic novels.
While Jake liked all animals, he had a certain predilection for dogs and their eager dispositions. |
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The exercise of patience
Synonyms: patience, abstinence , tolerance, leniency |
forbearance
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Her parents had demonstrated considerable forbearance in tolerating her text messaging bills, but when the last bill had arrived, they demanded change.
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Being present everywhere at once
Synonyms: present, ubiquitous , universal |
omnipresent
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Heidi's mother seemed omnipresent, for she constantly called to check up on her daughter's whereabouts and activities.
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Worthy of praise or respect
Worthy of belief Synonyms: praiseworthy , commendable, laudable |
creditable
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The student made a creditable effort on the essay.
Although Norris was rejected by the majority of colleges to which he applied, his high SAT scores were creditable. a creditable story |
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An established formula for public worship, or the entire ritual for public worship in a church
ceremonial, ceremony, ritual, service Synonyms: sacrament |
liturgy
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Although liturgy and music seem linked, there are many variations in different houses of worship.
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Anyone or anything which seems to be the inevitable cause of someone's downfall or defeat
Synonyms: rival, arch-enemy |
nemesis
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Uncritical trust is my nemesis.
Lex Luther was Superman's nemesis. |
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resembling a cow;
placid or dull, sluggish and stolid. |
bovine
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n. an unbroken period of time during which you do something
A length of time spent in a particular way A limitation or restriction v. To restrict or limit, as in amount or number To subsist on a meager allowance; be frugal |
stint
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a two-year stint in the military.
working without stint. |
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n. An opening, a tear, or a rupture.
A violation or infraction, as of a law, a legal obligation, or a promise. infraction, violation, transgression, trespass, infringement. |
breach
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파손, 위반, 절교
a sudden breach between members of the alliance Although the acreage involved in a national boundary dispute may seem insignificant, even the slightest breach in a country’s alleged border appears ominous to that nation, a threat to its security. |
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Menacing; threatening
Of or being an omen, especially an evil one. |
ominous
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ominous black clouds; ominous rumblings of discontent.
They sprang into action at the sight of the ominous smoke on the hilltop. |
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Admirably suited; apt
Exhibiting an agreeably appropriate manner or style Marked by happiness or good fortune appropriate, apt, befitting, correct, right, proper |
felicitous
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a felicitous comparison
a felicitous writer a felicitous life The card of congratulations was certainly felicitous. |
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The quality or state of being stubbornly inflexible
The fact or condition of being rigorous and unsparing ; austerity, rigor, harshness |
rigidity
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1. done maliciously or unjustifiably, cruel, merciless
2. deliberate and without motive; unprovoked 3. without regard for what is right, just, etc.; reckless , careless 4. immoral, sexually unrestrained; lascivious; lewd 5. Unrestrainedly excessive |
wanton
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wanton cruelty
wanton behavior wanton destruction wanton extravagance; wanton depletion of oil reserves |
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rough; severe; stormy
Synonyms: raw, nasty |
inclement
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Minnesota is known (in part) for its inclement winter weather.
The game was cancelled due to inclement weather. |
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A perfumed liquid, composed of alcohol and certain aromatic oils.
Synonyms: perfume |
cologne
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Jane wished her father wouldn't wear so much cologne.
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A deliberate pretense or exaggerated display, show
Behavior that is assumed rather than natural; artificiality. Synonyms: pretense, attitude, air, mannerism, pose |
affectation
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The young starlet soon began to show an affectation of superiority and haughtiness.
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To permeate or tinge completely ; satuate
To inspire or influence thoroughly; pervade Synonyms: saturate, color |
imbue
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Her mother was imbued with a sense of incredible pride, following her election to Mayor.
Her speech was imbued with many references to freedom. work imbued with the revolutionary spirit |
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Of, relating to, or constituting a preface; introductory
synonym : preliminary |
prefatory
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The professor asked the students to make sure they read the entire novel, both the twelve regular chapters and the extensive prefatory materials that the author included at the beginning of the book.
The speaker's prefatory comments were meant to inform the audience of interesting activities happening after the conference. |
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Previous; antecedent.
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proleptic
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1. To draw up or frame (a proclamation, for example).
2. To make ready for publication; edit or revise. |
redact
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편집하다, 작성하다, 기초하다
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1. Of or relating to orthography.
2. Spelled correctly. 3. Mathematics. Having perpendicular lines. |
orthographic
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Joining; connective.
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conjuctive
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연결하는 , 접속사
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