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848 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
abase
v
to humiliate; to lower in esteem or dignity; to humble
abet
v
to support or encourage someone, especially someone who has ddone something wrong
abeyance
n
suspension; temporary cessation
abjure
v
to repudiate; to take back; to refrain from
abomination
n
something despised or abhorred; extreme loathing
aboriginal
native; dating bacl to the very beginning
abound
v
to be very numerous
abrogate
v
to abolish or repeal formally; to set aside; to nullify
accede
v
to give in; to yield; to agree
accentuate
v
to emphasize; to accent; to highlight
access
n
the right or ability to approach, enter, or use
acclaim
v
to praise publicly and enthusiastically
accord
v
to agee; to be in harmony; to grant or bestow
accouterments
n
personal clothing, accessories, or equipment; trappings
accrue
v
to accumlate over time
acquisitive
adj
seeking or tending to accquire; greedy
acquit
v
to find not guilty; to behave or conduct oneself
acronym
n
aword made up of the initials of other words
adage
n
a traditional saying; a proverb
adduce
v
to bring forward as an example
adjourn
v
to suspend until another time
adjunct
n
something added to or connected with something else; an assistant
ad-lib
v
to improvise; speal or act spontaneously
advent
n
arrival; coming; beginning
adventitious
adj
accidental; connected to but nonetheless unrelated; irrelevant
advocate
n
a person who argues in favor of a position
affidavit
n
a sworn written statement made before an offical
affiliate
v
to become clisely associated with
affliction
n
misery; illness; great suffering; a source of misery, illness, or great suffering
afford
v
togive; to supply; to confer upon
affront
n
insult; a deliberate act of disrespect
aftermath
n
consequence; events following some occurrence or calamity
aggrandize
v
to exaggerate; to cause to appear greater; to increase (something) in power, reputation, wealth, etc.
aggrieve
v
to mistreat; to do grievous injury to; to distress
aghast
adj
terrified; shocked
alchemy
a seemingly magical process of transformation
alienate
v
to estrange; to cause to feel unwelcome or unloved; to make hostile
allegiance
n
loyalty
allegory
n
a story in which the characters are symbols with moral or spiritual meanings
allot
v
to apportion, allocate, or assign
altercation
n
a heated fight, argument, or quarrel
angst
n
anxiety; fear; dread
anathema
n
something or someone loathed or detested
amass
v
to pile up; to accumulate; to collect for one's own use
annex
v
to add or attach
amid
prep
in the middle of
ancillary
adj
subordinate; providing assistance
annuity
n
an anniual allowance or income; the annual interest payment on an investment; any regular allowance or income
anthology
n
a collection, especially of literary works
antedate
v
to be older than; o have come before
anterior
adj
situated in front
anthropomorphic
adj
ascribing human characteristics to nonhuman animals or objects
antipodal
adj
situated on opposite sides of the earth; exactly opposite
antiquity
n
ancientness; ancient times
aperture
n
an opening
apex
n
highest point
apogee
n
the most distant point in the orbit of the moon or of an artificial satellite
apoplexy
n
stroke (that is, numbness and paralysis resulting from the sudden loss of blood flow to the brain)
apostasy
n
abandonment or rejection of faith or loyalty
appalling
adj
causing horror or consternation
apparition
n
a ghost or ghostly object
appellation
n
a name
appendage
n
something added on to something else; a supplement
apportion
v
to distribute proportionally; to divide into portions
apposite
adj
distinctly suitable; pertinent
appraise
v
to estimate the value or quality of; to judge
apprise
v
to give notice to; to inform
appurtenance
n
something extra; an appendage; an accessory
apropos
adj
appropriate; coming at the right time
apt
adj
appropriate; having a tendency to; likely
arcade
n
a passageway defined by a series of arches; a covered passageway with shops on either side; an area filled with coin-operated games
archipeago
n
a large group of islands
archives
n
a place where historical documents or materials are stored; the documents or materials themselves
arid
adj
very dry; lacking life, interest, or imagination
armament
n
implements of war; the process of arming for war
armistice
n
truce
arraign
v
to bring to court to answer an indictment; to accuse
arrant
adj
utter; unmitigated; very bad
arrears
n
the state of being on debt; unpaid debts
arsenal
n
a collection of armaments; a facility for storing or producing armament; a supply of anything useful
articulate
v
to pronounce clearly; to express clearly
artisan
n
a person skilled in a craft
ascertain
v
to determine with certainty; to find out definitely
ascribe
n
to credit to or assign; to attribute
askance
adv
with suspicion or disapprival
aspersion
n
a slanderous or damning remark
assail
v
to attack vigorously
assert
v
to claim strongly; to affirm
assess
v
toevaluate; to estimate; to appraise
astringent
adj
harsh; severe; withering
asylum
n
a mental hospital or similar institutions; refuge; a place of safety
atone
v
to make amends
atrophy
v
to wither away; to decline from disuse
attest
v
to give proof of; to declare to be true or correct; to give testimony
attribute
v
to credit to or assign; to ascribe
augur
v
to serve as an omen or be a sign; to predict or foretell
august
adj
inspiring admiration or awe
auspices
n
protection; support; sponsorship
auxiliary
adj
secondary; additional; giving assistance or aid
avail
v
to help; to be of use; to serve
avant-garde
n
the vanguard; members of a group, especially of a literary or artistic one, who are at the cutting edge of their field
aversion
n
a strong feeling of dislike
avert
v
to turn away; to prevent
avid
adj
eager; enthusiastic
bacchanal
n
a party animal; a drinken reveler; a drunken revelry or orgy
baleful
adj
menacing; threatening
balk
v
to abruptly refuse (to do something); to stop short
ballyhoo
n
sensational advertising of promotion; uproar
balm
n
something that heals or soothes
bandy
v
to toss back and forth; to exchange
banter
n
an exchange of good-humored or mildly teasing remarks
baroque
adj
extravagantly ornate; flamboyant in style
barrage
n
a concentrated outpouring of artillery fire, or of anything else
bauble
n
a gaudy trinket; a small, inexpensive ornament
bedlam
n
nposy uproar and chaos; a place characterized by noisy uproar and chaos
begrudge
v
to envy another's possession or enjoyment of something; to be reluctant to give, or to give grudgingly
behest
n
command; order
bemoan
v
to mourn about; to lament
benediction
n
a blessing; an utterance of good wishes
benighted
adj
ignorant; unenlightened
bestow
v
to present as a gift; to confer
bilious
adj
ill-tempered; cranky
bivouac
n
a temporary encampment, especially of soldiers
blanch
v
to turn pale; to cause to turn pale
bland
adj
mild; tasteless; dull; unlively
blandishment
n
flattery
bliss
n
perfect contentment; extreme joy
bluster
v
to roar; to be loud; to be tumultuous
bombast
n
pompous or pretentious speech or writing
bon vivant
n
a person who enjoys good food, good drink, and luxurious living
bona fide
adj
sincere; done or made in good faith; authentic; genuine
boon
n
a blessing; a benefit
boor
n
a rude or churlish person
booty
n
goods taken from an enemy in war; plunder; stolen or confiscated goods
botch
v
to bungle; to ruin through poor or clumsy effort
bracing
adj
invigorating
brandish
v
to wave or display threateningly
bravado
n
a false show or ostentatious show of bravery or defiance
brawn
n
big muscles; great strength
brazen
adj
impudent; bold
breach
n
a violation; a gap or break
brink
n
edge
bristle
v
to stiffen with anger; to act in a way suggestive of an animal whose hair is standing on end; to appear in some way similar to hair standing on end
bromide
n
a dull obvious overfamiliar saying; a cliche
brouhaha
n
uproar; hubbub
brusque
adj
abrupt in manner; blunt
bufoon
n
a joker, especially one who is coarse or acts like an ass
bulwark
n
a wall used as a defensive fortification; anything used as the main defense against anything else
byzantine
adj
extremely intricate or complicated in stucture; having to do with the Byzantine Empire
cabal
n
a group of conspirators; the acts of such a group; a clique
cache
n
a hiding place; the things hidden in a secret place
calamity
n
a disaster
callous
adj
insensitive; emotionally hardened
calumny
n
slander; a maliciously false statement
canon
n
a rule or law, especially a relilious one; a body of rules or laws; an official set of holy books; an authoritative list; the set of works by an author that are accepted as authentic
cant
n
insincere or hypocritical speech
canvass
v
to seek votes or opinions; to conduct a survey
capacious
adj
spacious; roomy; commodious
capital
n
the town or city that is the seat of government; money, equipment, and property owned by a business; wealth used in creating more wealth
captivate
v
to fascinate; to inchant; to enrapture
carcinogenic
adj
causing cancer
cardinal
adj
most important; chief
careen
v
to swerve; to move rapidly without control; to lean to one side
cartography
n
the art of making maps and charts
cascade
n
a waterfall; anything resembling a waterfall
cataclysm
n
a violent upheaval; an earthquake; a horrible flood
caucus
n
a meeting of the members of a political party or political faction; a political group whose members have common interests or goals
cavalier
adj
arrogant; haughty; carefree; casual
cavil
v
to quibble; to raise trivial objections
chaff
n
worthless stuff
chameleon
n
a highly changeable person
champion
v
to defend; to support
channel
v
to direct; to cause to follow a certain path
chaste
adj
pure and unadorned; abstaining from sex
cherub
n
a supercute chubby-cheaked child; a kind of angel
chortle
v
to chuckle with glee
churl
n
a rude person; a boor
chutzpah
n
brazenness; audacity
cipher
n
zero; a nobody; a code; the solution to a code
circumnvigate
v
to sail or travel all the way around
citadel
n
a fortress defending a city; a stronghold; a bulwark
clandestine
adj
concealed or secret, usually for an evil or subversive purpose
classic
adj
top-notch; of the highest quality; serving as a standard or model
cleave
v
to cling; to split
climatic
adj
having to do with the climate
cloister
n
a covered walk, with columns on one side, that runs along the perimeter of a courtyard, especially in a convent or monastery; a convent or monastery; a tranquil, secluded place
clone
n
an exact duplicate; an organism genetically identical to another
clout
n
a blow; influence
cloy
v
to cause to feel too full, especially when indulging in something overly sweet; to become wearisome through excess
coddle
v
to baby
cogitate
v
to ponder; to meditate; to think carefully about
cohort
n
a group
commemorate
v
to honor the memory of; to serve as a memorial to
commiserate
v
to express sorrow or sympathy for; to sympathize with; to pity
commodious
adj
spacious; roomy; capacious
compatible
adj
harmonious; capable of functioning, working, or living together in harmony; consistent
competent
adj
capable; qualified
compile
v
to gather together into a book
comply
v
to act or be in accordance (with)
composed
adj
calm; tranquil
compromise
n
a settlement of differences in which each side gives up something
compuction
n
remorse; a feeling of uneasiness at doing something wrong
concave
adj
curved inward, like the inside of a circle or a sphere
concede
v
to acknowledge as true or right; to grant or yield
concentric
adj
having the same center
concert
n
combined action; agreement
concoct
v
to create by mixing ingredients; to devise
concomitant
adj
following from; accompanying; going along with
confederate
n
an ally; an accomplice
confer
v
to exchange ideas; to consult with; to bestow
confidant
n
a person with whom secrets or private thoughts are shared
configuration
n
arrangement
conflagration
n
a large fire
confluence
n
a flowing together
confound
v
to bewilder; to amaze; to throw into confusion
congeal
v
to solidify; to jell
conjugal
adj
having to do with marriage
connive
v
to conspire; to aid or encourage a wrong by feigning ignorance of it
conservatory
n
a greenhouse, usually one attached on another struture; a music or drama school
consign
v
to hand over; to assign; to entrust; to banish
consolidate
v
to combine or bring together; to solidify; to strengthen
conspicuous
adj
easily seen; impossible to miss
consternation
n
sudden confusion
constituency
n
the group of voters represented by a politician; a group of supporters for anything
contempt
n
disdain; disgrace
continuum
n
a continuous whole without clear division into parts
contraband
n
smuggled goods
contretemps
n
an embarrassing occurrence; a mishap
contumely
n
rudeness; insolence; arrogance
conundrum
n
a puzzle or problem without a solution
convene
v
to gather together; to assemble; to meet
conversant
adj
familiar; experienced
converse
n
the opposite
convey
v
to transport; to conduct; to communicate
conviction
n
strong belief; a determination of guilt
convolution
n
a twist or turn; the act of twisting or turning
copious
adj
abundant; plentiful
cordial
adj
gracious; warm; sincere
corollary
n
a proposition that follows easily and obviously from another; a natural consequence or conclusion
corporeal
adj
material; tangible; having substance, like the body
correlation
n
a mutual relation between two or more things
corrosive
adj
eating away; destructive
corrugated
adj
shaped with folds or waves
coterie
n
a group of close associates; a circle (of friends or associates)
cower
v
to shrink away or huddle up in fear
crass
adj
extremely unrefined; gross; stupid
craven
adj
cowardly
crescendo
n
a gradual increase in the volume of a sound; a gradual increase in the intensity of anything
crestfallen
adj
dejected; despirited
crevice
n
a narrow split, crack, or fissure
cringe
v
to shrink back with fear; to cower; to be servile or suck up in a horrible way
critique
n
a critical review
crux
n
the central point; the essence
cuisine
n
a style of cooking
cull
v
to pick out from among many; to select; to collect
curb
v
to restrain or control
curmudgeon
n
a difficult, bad-tempered person
cursory
adj
quick and unthorough; hasty; superficial
debase
to lower in quality or value; to degrade
debunk
v
expose the nonsense of
decree
n
an official order, usually having the force of law
decry
v
to put down; to denounce
deem
v
to judge; to consider
deficit
n
a shortage, especially of money
defile
v
to ,ale filthy or foul; to desecrate
deft
adj
skillful
defunct
adj
no longer in effect; no longer in existence
degrade
v
to lower in dignity or status; to corrupt; to deteriorate
deign
v
to condescend; to think it in accordance with one's dignity (to do something)
deity
n
a god or goddess
dejected
v
despressed; disheartened
delectable
adj
delightful; delicious
delinquent
adj
neglecting a duty or law; late in payment
delve
v
to seach or study intensively
demeanor
n
behavior; manner
demise
n
death
demography
n
the statistical stidy of characteristics of populations
demur
v
to object; to take exception
demure
adj
shy; reserved; sedate
denomination
n
a classification; a catagory name
denote
v
to signify; to indicate; to mark
denounce
v
to condemn
depict
v
to portray, especially in a picture; to describe
deplete
v
to decrease the supply of; to exhaust; to use up
deplore
v
to regret; to condemn; to lament
deploy
v
to station soldiers or armaments strategically; to arrange strategically
depose
v
to remove from office or position of power
depredate
v
to prey upon; to plunder
derelict
adj
neglectful; delinguent; deserted
desist
v
to stop doing (something)
devout
adj
deeply religious; fervent
diatribe
n
a bitter, abusive denuncuation
dichotomy
n
division into two parts, especially contradictory ones
diffuse
v
to cause to spread out; to cause to disperse; to disseminate
dilapodated
adj
broken-down; fallen into ruin
dilate
v
to make larger; to become larger; to speak or write at length
dilemma
n
a situation in which one must choose between two equally attractive choices; any problem or predicament
diminution
n
the aact or process of diminishing; reduction
dire
adj
disastrous; desperate
dirge
n
a funeral song
disaffect
v
to cause to lose affection; to estrange; to alienate
disarray
n
disorder; confusion
disclaim
v
to deny any claim to; to renounce
discomfit
v
to frustrate; to confuse
disconcert
v
to upset; to ruffle; to perturb
discourse
n
spoken or written expression in words; conversation
discrepancy
n
difference; inconsistency
discursive
adj
rambling from one topic to another, usually aimlessly
disgruntle
v
to make sulky and dissatisfied; to discontent
disinformation
n
false information purposely dissemined, usually by a government, for the purpose of creating a false impression
dismal
adj
dreary; causing gloom; causing dread
dismay
v
to fill with dread; to discourage greatly; to perturb
dispassionate
adj
unaffected by passion; impartial; calm
disperse
v
to scatter; to spread widely; to disseminate
dispirit
v
to discourage; to dishearten; to lose spirit
disposition
n
characteristic attitude; state of mind; inclination; arrangement
disproportionate
adj
out of proportion; too muck or too little
disquiet
v
to make uneasy
dissemble
v
to conceal te real nature of; to act or speak falsely in order to deceive
dissent
v
to disagree; to withhold approval
disservice
n
a harmful action; an ill turn
dissident
n
a person who disagrees or dissents
dissuade
v
to persuade not to
distinct
adj
separate; different; clear and unmistakable
diurnal
adj
occurring every day; occurring during the daytime
divine
v
to intuit; to prophesy
divulge
v
to reveal, especially to reveal something that has been a secret
document
v
to support with evidence, especially written evidence
doldrums
n
low spirits; a state of inactivity
doleful
adj
sorrowful; filled with grief
dolt
n
a stupid person; a dunce
dotage
n
senility; foolish affection
double entendre
n
a word or phrase having a double meaning, especially when the second meaning is risque
dour
adj
forbidding; severe; gloomy
downcast
adj
directed downward; dejected
downplay
v
to minimize; to represent as being insignificant
draconian
adj
harsh; severe; cruel
droll
adj
humorous; amusing in an odd, often understated, way
dross
n
worthless stuff, especially worthless stuff arising from the production of valuable stuff
duress
n
coercion; compulsion by force or threat
ebb
v
to diminish; to recede
ecclesiastical
adj
having to do with the church
eclipse
v
to block the light of; to overshadow; to reduce the significance of; to surpass
ecosystem
n
a community of organisms and the physical environment in which they live
edict
n
an official decree
edifice
n
a big, imposing building
effectual
adj
effective; adequate
efficacy
n
effectiveness
effigy
n
a likeness of someone, especially one used in expressing hatred for the person of whom it is a likeness
elation
n
a feeling of great joy
electorate
n
the body of people entitled to vote in an election; the voters
elegy
n
a mournful poem or other piece of writing; a mournful piece of music
elite
n
the best or most select group
elocution
n
the art of public speaking
emaciate
v
to make extremely thin through starvation or illness
emanate
v
to come forth; to issue
emancipate
v
to liberate; to free from bondage or restraint
embargo
n
a goverment order suspending foreign trade; a government order suspending the movement of freight-carrying shops in and out of the country's ports
embellish
v
to adorn; to beautify by adding ornaments; to add fanciful or fictitious details to
embody
v
to personify; to give physical form to
embroil
v
to involve in conflict; to throw into disorder
embryonic
adj
undeveloped; rudimentary
emissary
n
a messenger or representative sent to prepresent another
empathy
n
identification with the feelings or thoughts of another
empower
v
to give power or authority to; to enable
endear
v
to make dear; to make beloved
engaging
adj
charming; pleasing; attractive
enmity
n
deep hatred; animosity; ill will
ennui
n
boredom; listless lack of interest
ensue
v
to follow immediately afterward; to result
entail
v
to have as a necessary consequence; to involve
entity
n
something that exists; a distinct thing
entreat
v
to ask earnestly; to beg; to plead
entrepreneur
n
an independent business person; one who starts, runs, and assumes the risk of operating an independent business enterprise
enumerate
v
to name one by one; to list
envision
v
to imagine; to foresee
epicure
n
a person with refined taste in wine and food
epiloque
n
an afterword; a short concluding chapter of a book; a short speech at the end of a play
epoch
n
an era; a distinctive period of time
equestrian
adj
having to do with horseback
estimable
adj
worthy of admiration; capable of being estimated
estrange
v
to make unfriendly or hostile; to cause to feel removed from
ethics
adj
moral standards governing behavior
eulogy
n
a spoken or written tribute to a person, especially a person who has just died
evinve
v
to demonstrate convincingly; to prove
evoke
n
to summon forth; to draw forth; to awaken; to produce or suggest
excise
v
to remove by cutting, or as if by cutting
exempt
adj
excused; not subject to
exhume
v
to unbury; to dig out of the ground
exodus
n
a mass departure or journey away
exorbitant
adj
excessively costly; excessive
expiate
v
to make amends for; to atone for
explicate
v
to make a detailed explanation of the meaning of
exposition
n
explanation; a large public exhibition
expostulate
v
to reason with someone in order to warn or dissuade
expunge
v
to erase; to eliminate any trace of
exquisite
adj
extraordinarily fine or beautiful; intense
extant
adj
still in existence
extort
v
to obtain through force, threat, or illicit means
extremity
n
the outermost point or edge; the greatest degree; grave danger; a limb or appendage of the body
exuberant
adj
highly joyous or enthusiastic; iverflowing; lavish
facade
n
the front of a building; the false front of a building; the false front or misleading appearance of anything
facet
n
an of the flat, polished surfaces of a cut gem; aspect
fallacy
n
a false notion or belief; a misconception
fathom
v
to understand; to penetrate the meaning of
faux
adj
false
fawn
v
to exhibit affection; to seek favor through flattery; to suck up to someone
feign
v
to make a false representation of; to pretend
fester
v
to generate pus; to decay
fetish
n
an object of obsessiv reverence, attention, or interest
fiasco
n
a complete failure or disaster; an incredible screw up
fiat
n
an arbitrary decree or order
fickle
adj
likely to change for no good reason
figment
n
somehting made up or invented; a fabrication
fiscal
adj
pertaining to financial mattersl monetary
fledgling
adj
inexperienced or immature
flippant
adj
frivolously disrespectful; saucy; pert; flip
florid
adj
ruddy; flushed; red-faced
fodder
n
coarse food for livestock; raw material
folly
n
foolishness; insanity; imprudence
foray
n
a quick raid or attacl; an initial venture
forebode
v
to be an omen of ; to predict; to foretell
foreclose
v
to deprive a mortgagor of his or her right to redeem a property; to shut out or exclude
forensic
adj
related to or used in courts of law
forestall
v
to thwart, prevent, or hinder something from happening; to head off
forswear
v
to retract, renounce, or recant, to take back
forte
n
a person's strong point, special talent, or specialty
forthright
adj
frank; outspoken; going straight to the point
foster
v
to encourage; to promote the development of
fragmentary
adj
incomplete; disconnected; made up of fragments
fruitful
adj
productive; producing good or abundant results; successful
fuel
v
to stumulate; to ignite; to kindle, as of providing with fuel
fulminate
v
to denounce vigorously; to protest vehemently against something
gaffe
n
a social blunder; an embarrassing mistake; a faux pas
falvanize
v
to startle into sudden activity; to revitalize
gambit
n
a scheme to gain an advantage; a ploy
gamut
n
the full range (of something)
garner
v
to gather; to acquire; to earn
gastronomy
n
the art of eating well
generic
adj
general; common; not protected by trademark
genesis
n
origin; creation; beginning
genocide
n
the extermination of a national, racial, or religious group
germane
adj
applicable; pertinent; relevant
ghastly
adj
shockingly horrible; frightful; ghost-like
gratis
adj
free of charge
grievous
adj
tragic; agonizing; severe
grimace
v
to make an ugly, disapproving facial expression
guise
n
appearance; semblance
habituate
v
to train; to accustom to a situation
halcyon
adj
peaceful; carefree; serene
harass
v
to attack repeatedly; to torment or pester
harbinger
n
a precursor; an indication; an omen
harp
v
repeat tediously; to go on and on about something
harry
v
to harass; to annoy
heinous
adj
shockingly evil; abominable; atrocious
herald
n
a royal proclaimer; a harbinger
hoary
adj
gray or white with age; ancient; stale
homage
n
reverence; respect
hubris
n
arrogance; excessive pride
hypocrisy
n
insincerity; two-facedness
idiom
n
an expression whose meaning is different from the literal meaning of the words; a language or dialect used by a group of people
imbue
b
to inspire; to permeate or tinge
impasse
n
a deadlock; a situation from which there is no escape
impeach
v
to accuse or indict; to challenge; call into question
impecunious
adj
without money; penniless
impede
v
to obstruct or interfere with; to delay
impending
adj
approaching; imminent; looming
impenetrable
adj
incapable of being penetrated; impervious; incomprehensible
imperative
adj
completely necessary; vitally important
impetuous
adj
rash; overimpulsive; head-long
implication
n
something implied or suggested; ramification
importune
v
to urge with annoying persistence; to trouble
impoverish
v
to reduce to poverty; to make destitute
impregnable
adj
unconquerable; able to withstand attack
impresario
n
a person who manages public entertainments (especially operas, but other events as well)
impromptu
adj
done without preparation, on the spur of the moment
improvise
v
to perform without preparation; to make do with whatever materials are available
impunity
n
freedom from punishment or harm
inadvertent
adj
unintentional; heedless; not planned
inalienable
adj
sacred; incapable of being transferred, lost, or taken away
incarnation
n
embodiment
incendiary
adj
used for setting property on fire; tending to arouse passion or anger; inflammatory
inclination
n
tendency; preference; liking
inculcate
v
to instill or implant by repeated suggestions or admonitions
incumbent
adj
currently holding an office; obligatory
incursion
n
a hostile incasion; a raid
indict
v
to charge with a crime; to accuse of wring-doing
induce
v
to persuade; to influence; to cause
ineluctable
adj
inescapable; incapable of being resisted or avoided
ineradicable
adj
incapable of being removed or destroyed or eradicated
inflammatory
adj
fiery; tending to arouse passion or anger; incediary
influx
n
inflow; arrival of large numbers of people or things; inundation
infration
n
violation; infringement; the breaking of a law
infrastructure
n
the basic framework of a system; foundation
infringe
v
to violate; to encroach or trespass
infuse
v
to introduce into; to instill
ingratiate
v
to work to make yourself liked
inimical
adj
unfavorable; harmful; detrimental; hostile
inimitable
adj
impossible to imitate; incomparable; matchless; the best
innuendo
n
an insinuation; a sly hint
inquisition
n
ruthless questioning; an official investigation characterized by cruelty
insouciant
adj
nonchalnt; lighthearted; carefree
insufferable
adj
unbearable; intolerable
insuperable
adj
unable to be overcome; insurmountable; overwhelming
insurrection
n
an act of open rebellion against authority; a revolt
integral
adj
essential; indispensable
interim
n
meantime; an intervening time; a temporary arrangement
interloper
n
intruder; trespasser; inwanted person
interlude
n
an intervening episode; an intermission; a pause
interminable
adj
seemingly unending; tediously long
intermittent
adj
occasional; repeatedly starting and stopping; recurrent
intersperse
v
to place at intervals; to scatter among
intervene
v
to come between opposing groups; to mediate; to take place; to iccur between times
intimate
v
to hint or imply
intricate
adj
complicated; sophisticated; having many parts or facets
intrique
n
a secret scheme; a crafty plot
invidious
adj
causing envy or resentment; offensively harmful
inviolate
adj
free from injury; pure
invoke
v
to entreat or pray for; to call on as in prayer; to declare to be in effect
iridescent
adj
displaying flowing, changing colors
jargon
n
the specialized or vocabulary of a particular job or trade; meaningless or pretentious language; a local dialect or idiom or vernacular
jaunt
n
a short pleasure trip
jingoism
n
belligerent, chauvinistic patriotism; war-mongering
jocular
adj
humorous; jolly; fond of joking
jubilation
n
exultant joy
junction
n
convergence; linkup; the act or state of being joined together
junta
n
a small group ruling a country after a coup d'etat
karma
n
good or bad emanations from someone or something
larceny
n
theft; robbery
lascivious
adj
lustful; obscene; lewd
lavish
v
to spend freely or bestow generously;l to squander
lax
adj
negligent; lazy; irresponsible
layman
n
a nonprofessional; a person who is not a member of the clergy
liaison
n
connection; association; alliance; secret love affair
licentious
adj
lascivious; lewd; promiscuous; amoral
limpid
adj
transparent; clear; lucid
listless
adj
sluggish; without energy or enthusiasm
litany
n
recital or list; tedious recounting
livid
adj
discolored; black and blue; enraged
loath
adj
extremely unwilling; reluctant
lobby
v
to urge legislative action; to exert influence
lout
n
boor; oaf; clod
ludictous
adj
ridiculous; absurd
lyrical
adj
melodious; songlike; poetic
malapropism
n
humorous misuse of a word that sounds similar to the word intended but jas a ludicrously different meaning
mania
n
crazed, excessive excitement; insanity; delusion
marginal
adj
related to or located at the margin or border; at the lower limit of quality; insignificant
materialistic
adj
preoccupied with material things; greedy for possessions
mawlish
adj
overly sentimental; maudlin
meander
v
to travel along a winding or indirect route; to ramble or stray from the topic
medium
n
the means by which something is connveyed or accomplished; a substance through which something is transferred or conveyed; the materials used by an artist
melancholy
adj
gloomy; depressed and weary
melee
n
a brawl; a confused fight or struggle; a violent free-for-all; tumultuous confusion
menagerie
n
a collection of animals
meticulous
adj
precise and careful about details; fussy
millennium
n
a period of 1,000 years; a thousandth anniversary
mire
n
marshy, mucky ground
mode
n
method of doing; type; manner; fashion
modulate
v
to reduce or regulate; to lessen the intensity of
momentum
n
force of movement; speed; impetus
moratorium
n
a suspension of activity; a period of delay
mores
n
customary moral standards
motif
n
a recurring theme or idea
motley
adj
extremely varied or diverse; heterogeneous; multicolored
municial
adj
pertaining to a city (or town) and its government
muse
v
to ponder; to meditate
muster
v
to assemble for battle or inspection; to summon up
mystic
adj
itherworldly; mysterious; enigmatic
nebulous
adj
vague or indistinct; inclear; hazy
nemesis
n
inconquerable opponent or rival; one who seeks just compensation or revenge to right a wrong
neophyte
n
beginner; novice
nirvana
n
a blissful, painless, worry-free state
noisome
adj
offensive or disgusting; stinking; noxious
nomadic
adj
wandering from place to place; without a permanent home
nomenclature
n
a set or system of names; a designation; a terminology
nonchalant
adj
indifferent; coolly unconcerned; blase
nullify
v
to repeal; to cancel; to void
obeisance
n
a bow or curtsy; deep reverence
objective
adj
unbiased; unprejudiced
obtrusive
adj
interfering; meddlesome; having a tendency to butt in
obviate
v
to make unnecessary; to avert
occult
adj
supernatural; magic; mystical
odious
adj
hateful; evil; vile
odyssey
n
a long, difficult hourney, usually marked by many changes of fortune
olfactory
adj
pertaining to the sense of smell
oligarchy
n
government by only a very few people
ominous
adj
threatening; menacing; portending
omniscient
adj
all-knowing; having infinite wisdom
opprobrious
adj
damning; extremely critical; disgraceful
ordinance
n
law; regulation; decree
oscillate
v
to swing bacl and forth; to pulsate; to waver or vacillate between beliefs or ideas
osmosis
n
gradual or subtle absorption
ostracize
v
to shun; to shut out or exclude a person from a group
oust
v
to eject; to expel; to banish
override
v
to overrule; to prevail over
overture
n
opening move; preliminary offer
oxymoran
n
a figure of speech in which two contradictory words or phrases are used together
palatable
adj
pleasant to the taste; agreeable to the feelings
pallor
n
paleness; whiteness
pandemic
adj
prevalent throughout a large area
panegyric
n
elaborate praise; eulogy
parable
n
religious allegory; fable; morality tale
paragon
n
a model or pattern of excellence
parallel
adj
similar; comparable
paranoia
n
a mental illness in which the sufferer believes people are out to get him; unreasonable anxiety
paranormal
adj
having to do with an event or events that can't be explained scientitically; supernatural
paroxysm
n
a sudden, violent outburst; a severe attack
partition
n
division; dividing wall
pastoral
adj
rural; rustic; peaceful and calm, like the country
pathos
n
that which makes people feel pity or sorrow
patina
n
surface discoloration caused by age and oxidation
patrimony
n
an inheritance, especially from a father; a legacy
peculiar
adj
unusual; bizarre; individual; belonging to a particular region
peregrination
n
wandering; traveling; expedition
perpetrator
n
the one who committed the act
perpetuate
v
to make something perpetual; to leep from perishing
perverse
adj
contrary; stubborn
phantasm
n
apparition; ghost; phantom
phlegmatic
adj
calm or indifferent; not easily roused to excitement
pilgrimage
n
religion or spiritual journey; excursion; peregrination
placebo
n
a fake medication; a fake medication used as a control in tests of the effectiveness of drugs
platonic
adj
nonsexual; purely spiritual
plausible
adj
believable; convincing
pliable
adj
flexible; easy to bend; easy to convince, persuade, or mold
plight
n
a dangerous, dustressing, or unpleasant situation
plunder
v
to loot; to ransack
pluralism
n
a condition of society in which distinct groups exist and function together yet retain their own identities
pontificate
v
to speak pompously or dogmatically
porous
adj
filled with many tiny holes; permeable; absorbent
posterity
n
future genetations; descendants; heirs
posthunous
adj
occurring after one's death; published after the death of the author
posture
v
to act or speak artificially or affectedly
prattle
v
to chatter on and on; to babble childishly
precarious
adj
dangerously insecure or unsteady
precocious
adj
unusally mature; uncommonly gifted
predecessor
n
someone or something that predcedes in time
predicament
n
a dangerous or unpleasant situation; a dilemma
predispose
v
to make susceptible; to put in a frame of mind for; to incline toward
predominant
adj
most important; dominant; having power over others
pregnant
adj
highly significant; overflowing
prelude
n
introduction; something that precedes something else
premeditated
adj
planned beforehand; prearranged; plotted
preponderance
n
superiority in weight, number, size, extent, influence, etc.; majority; predominance
presage
v
to portend; to foreshadow; to forecast or predict
presentiment
n
the feeling that something (especially somehting bad) is about to happen
presumably
adv
probably; the assumption os that; doubtless
presuppose
v
to assume beforehand; to take for granted in advance; to require as a prior condition
primal
adj
first; original; of the greatest importance
pristine
adj
perfectly clean and untouched; uncontaminated
privation
n
lack of comforts or necessities; poverty
proclaim
v
to announce; declare; make known
procure
v
to obtain or acquire by specual means
progeny
n
offspring; descendants
propagate
v
to reproduce; to multiply; to spread or disseminate
propound
v
to set forth or propose; to offer for consideration
protege
n
a person under the care of someone interested in his welfare or career
protocol
n
diplomatic etiquette and customs
provocation
n
the act of provoking; incitement; cause
prowess
n
exceptional skill or strength; uncommon bravery
prurient
adj
having lustful thoughts or desires; causing lust
pseudonym
n
a false name; an alias
psyche
n
the human soul; the mind; the spirit
pummel
v
to pound or punch with the fists
punctilious
adj
meticulously attentive to detail; scrupulously (and sometimes annoyingly) exact
pundit
n
an expert; an authority; a learned person
pungent
adj
sharp-tasting or sharp-smelling; acrid; caustic
punitive
adj
inflicting a punishment
purblind
adj
dim-sighted; practically blind; lacking understanding or imagination
puritanical
adj
very severe and strict about morals
quaint
adj
pleasantly old-fashioned; picturesque
quandary
n
state of perplexity; predicament
quasi
adv or adj
almost; near; resembling
quay
n
a landing on the edge of the water; wharf; pier
quell
v
to put an end to; to squelch; to suppress
query
n
question; an inquiry
queue
n
a line or file
quiescent
adj
motionless; at rest; still
quintessential
adj
being the most perfect example of
quizzical
adj
teasing; mocking; questioning; inquisitive
quotidian
adj
daily; everday; ordinary
rampant
adj
widespread; uncontrollable; prevalent; raging
rapture
n
ecstasy; bliss; unequaled joy
rarefied
adj
esoteric; interesting to a select group only; exalted; thin
ratify
v
to confirm; to approve something formally
ratiocination
n
logical reasoning
rationale
n
underlying reason; basis; reasoning
raucous
adj
stridently loud; harsh; rowdy
reactionary
adj
ultaconservative; right-wing; backward-thin
rebuff
v
to snub; to reject
recidivism
n
the act of repeating an offense
reclaim
v
to make uncultivated areas of land fit for cultivation; to recover usable substances from refuse; to claim again; to demand the restoration of
redeem
v
to buy back; to fulfill; to make up for; to rescue from sin
redress
v
to remedy; to amends for
rederendum
n
a public vote on a measure propsed or passed by a legislature
refratory
adj
disobedient and hard manage; resisting treatment
regime
n
a governing power;l a system of government; a period during which a government is in power
regimen
n
a regulated course
remission
n
the temporary or permanent disappearance of a disease; pardon
remuneration
n
payment; recompense
rend
v
to tear; to rip
render
v
to make; to cause to be; to provide; to depict
repartee
n
a quick, witty reply; witty, spirited conversation full of quick, witty replies
replicate
v
to reproduce exactly; to duplicate; to repeat
repose
n
rest; tranquillity; relaxation
repress
v
to hold; to conceal from oneself; to suppress
reprimand
n
stern reproof; official rebuke
reprisal
n
retaliation; revenge; counterattack
reprobate
n
a depraved, wicked person; a degenerate
repugnant
adj
repulsive; offensive; disgusting
resignation
n
passive submission; acquiescence
resplendent
adj
brilliantly shining; radiant; dazzling
resurrection
n
return to life; revival
retort
v
to make a sharp reply
retrospect
n
looking backward; a review
revamp
v
to revise; to renovate
revel
v
to enjoy thoroughly; to take delight in; to carouse
revile
v
to scold abusively; to berate; to denounce
revulsion
n
loathing; repugnance; disgust
rhapsodize
v
to speak extremely enthusiastcally; to gush
ribald
adj
indecent or vulgar; off-color
rife
adj
occurring frequently; widespread; common; swarming
rivet
v
to engross; to hold firmly
rout
v
to put to flight; to scatter; to cause a huge defeat
rue
v
to mourn; to regret
sally
n
a sudden rushing attack; an excursion; an expedition; a repartee; a clever rejoinder
salutation
n
greeting; welcome; opening words of greeting
sanction
n
offical permission or approval; endorsement; penalty; punitive measure
sarcasm
n
irony; jokingly or bitingly saying the opposite of what is meant
savant
n
a scholar; a very knowledgeable and learned person
scant
adj
limited; meager; barely sufficient
schism
n
division; separation; discord or disharmony
scorn
v
to disdain; to find someone or something contemptible
seamless
adj
without a seam; without anything to indicate where two things were joined together; smooth
secede
v
to withdraw from an alliance
seclusion
n
aloneness; withdrawal from other people
sect
n
a small religious subgroup or religion; any group with a uniting theme or purpose
sedentary
adj
largely confined to sitting down; not physically
self-made
adj
having succeeded in life without help from others
sententious
adj
preachy; pompous; excessively moralizing; self-righteous
serene
adj
calm;l peaceful; tranquil; untroubled
serpentine
adj
snake like in either shape or movement; winding, as a snake travels
shackle
n
a manacle; a restraint
shibboleth
n
a distinctive word, pronunciation, or behavior that typifies a particular group; a slogan or catch-word
shrewd
adj
wily; cunning; sly
singular
adj
exceptional; unique; unusual
skirmish
n
a fight between small numbers of troops; a brief conflict
skittish
adj
nervous; easily startled; jumpy
slake
v
to quench; to satisfy; to assuage
solace
n
consolation; comfort
solidarity
n
sense of unity; a sense of sharing a common goal or attitude
sophomoric
adj
juvenile; childishly goofy
sordid
adj
morally vile; filthy; squalid
sovereign
n
supreme ruler; monach
spate
n
a sudden outpouring
specious
adj
something that seems correct or apprepriate but that lacks real worth; deceptive; misleading; not genuine
specter
n
ghost; phantom
spectrum
n
a broad sequence or range of different but related things or ideas
spurn
v
to reject disdainfully; to scorn
stalwart
adj
sturdily built; robust; valiant; unwavering
stark
adj
utter; unmitigated; harsh; desolate
stint
v
to restrict or hold back on; to be frugal
stipend
n
income; allowance; salary
stolid
adj
not easily roused to emotion; impassive; apathetic; phlegmatic
stout
adj
plump; stocky; substantial
stratagem
n
a maneuver designed to outwit an enemy; a scheme; a ruse
stupendous
adj
remarkable; extraordinary; remarkably large or extraordinary gigantic
stupor
n
a stunned condition; near-unconsciousness; apathy; inertia
subside
v
to sink or settle; to diminish; to lesson
subsidiary
adj
supplemental; aditional; secondary or subordinate
subsidize
v
to provide financial aid; to make a financial contribution
substantiate
v
to prove; to verify; to confirm
subterfuge
n
artifice; a trick or stratagem; a ruse
suffice
v
to be sufficient; to be enough
suffrage
n
th right to vote
suffuse
v
to cover; to overspread; to saturate
sumptuous
adj
luxurious; splendid; lavish
supersede
v
to take the place of; to supplant; to make (something)obsolete
supine
adj
lying on one's back
supplication
n
humble prayer; earnest entreaty
suppress
v
to overpower; to subdue; to quash
surmise
v
to conjecture; to guess
surreal
adj
having an unreal, fantastic quality; hallucinatory; dreamlike
susceptible
adj
capable of being influenced by something; vulnerable or receptive to
sweeping
adj
far-reaching; extensive; wide-ranging
syntax
n
the patterns or rules governing the way grammatical sentences are formed in a given language
systemic
adj
affecting the entire system, especially the entire body
tactical
adj
having to do with tactics, especially naval or military tactics; marked by clever tactics or deft maeuvering
taint
n
contaminant; a trace of something spoiled, contaminated, off-flavor, or otherwise offensive
tedium
n
dullness; monotony; boredom
teem
v
to swarm; to be inundated; to overrun
temporal
adj
partaining to time; pertaining to life or earthly existence; noneternal; short-lived
temporize
to stall; to cause delay through indecision
tepid
adj
lukewarm; halfhearted
thesis
n
a theory to be proven; a subject for a composition; a formal paper using original research on a subject
thorny
adj
full of difficulties; tough; painful
threshold
n
the sill of a doorway; a house's or building's entrance; any point of beginning or entering
throttle
v
to choke; to strangle; to work a fuel lever or feed the flow of fuel to an engine
thwart
v
to prevent from being accomplished; to frustrate; to hinder
timorous
adj
fearful; easilt frightened
titllate
v
to excite; to stimulate; to tease
titular
adj
intitle or name only; nominal
toil
n
hard work; labor; drudgery; exhasusting effort
tortuous
adj
winding; twisting; serpentine; full of curves
toxic
adj
poisonous
transfix
v
to cause to stand motionless with awe, amazement, or some other strong emotion; to rivet
trauma
n
severe shock or distress; a violent wound; a wrenching experience
travesty
n
a grotesque or shameful imitation; a mockery; a perversion
trenchant
adj
concise; effective; caustic
triumvirate
n
a ruling coalition of three officials; any group of three working jointly
tryst
n
a secret meeting of lovers
tumult
n
violent, noisy commotion; uproar; outbreak
turbid
adj
murky; opaque; unclear
turmoil
n
state of great confusion or commotion
uncanny
adj
extraordinary; unimaginable; seemingly supernatural
underlying
adj
basic; fundamental; only noticeable under scrutiny
undermine
v
to impair; to subvert; to weaken by excavating underneath
underpinning
n
a system of supports beneath; a foundation or basis
underscore
v
to underline; to emphasize
underwrite
v
to sponsor; to subsidize; to insure
unilateral
adj
involving one side only; done on behalf of one side only; one-sided; not mutual
usury
n
lending money at an exremely high rate of interest
vacuous
adj
empty of content; lacking in ideas or intelligence
vagary
n
whim; unpredictable action; wild notion
vanquish
v
to conquer; to overpower
veneer
n
facade; coating; outward appearance
verdant
adj
covered with green plants; leafy; inexperienced
verge
n
border; brink; edge
verity
n
the quality of being true; something true
vie
v
to cotest; to struggle
vigilant
adj
constantly alert; watchful; wary
vignette
n
a small, decorative design or drawing; a short literary sketch; a brief but expressive scene in a play or movie
viscous
adj
thick; gluey; sticky
vivacious
adj
lively; animated; full of pep
vogue
n
fashion; style
voluminous
adj
large; extensive; having great volume
voluptuous
adj
pleasant to the senses; luxurious; pleasure-seeking; extra full and shapely
voracious
adj
having a huge appetite; ravenously hungry
waft
v
to float; to drift; to blow
waive
v
to relinqish (a right); to forgo; to put aside for the time being
wake
n
an all-night vigil kept over a dead body before it is buried; the trail a boat leaves behind it in the water; a track or path left behind something
wane
v
to decrease in strength or intensity; to fade away; to decline in power
warrant
v
to justify; to provide grounds for; to guarantee
wary
adj
cautious; watchful; careful
wizened
adj
shriveled; withered; shruken
woe
n
affliction distress
wrath
n
deep anger; fury
zeitgeist
n
the mood or spirit of the times
zenith
n
highest point; peak; pinnacle