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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Onset is 12-24 hrs
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Bulk-Forming Laxatives
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↓ plasma cholesterol
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psyllium
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↓ intestinal absorption of many Rx (e.g. salicylates, digoxin)
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Bulk-Forming Laxatives
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Oral onset within 4 hrs
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Saline Laxatives
-MgSO4 -Mg(OH)2 -Mg Citrate -Na+Phosphate/Biphosphate (Fleet Phospho-Soda): |
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Laxative onset is 1-3 days
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Lactulose (Chronulac, Cephulac)
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used to tx hepatic encephalopathy
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Lactulose
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MOA of these Rxs are:
1) inhibits Na+-K+ATPase → fluid/electrolyte accumulation in lumen 2) ↑ synthesis of PGs & cAMP → ↑ fluid/ electrolyte secretion |
Stimulant Laxatives(Irritants)
-Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) -Sennosides (Senokot) |
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onset is 6-12 h
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Stimulant Laxatives(Irritants)
-Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) -Sennosides (Senokot) |
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Chronic use can→ Melanosis Coli –dark pigmentation of colonic mucosa. Benign & reversible, but suggests abuse. Also discolor urine into yellowish brown & red.
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Sennosides (Senokot)
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MOA: Anionic surfactants; softening stool → allow water & lipids to penetrate.
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Docusates: Stool softeners
Docusate Na+ Docusate Ca 2+ Docusate K+ (Dialose) |
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onset of docusates
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1-3 days.
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May ↑ absorption of other Rxs → ↑ Rx toxicity
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Docusates: Stool softeners
Docusate Na+ Docusate Ca 2+ Docusate K+ (Dialose) |
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A 5-HT4 partial agonist for Chronic constipation & irritable bowel syndrome with constipation
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Tegaserod
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the most effective & prompt acting nonspecific antidiarrheal agents.
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Opioids:
-Diphenoxylate + atropine (Lomitil) -Loperamide (Imodium) |
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opiod Side effects
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anti-SLUD
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For Travelers’ diarrhea.
Caution: Turns tongue & stool black |
Bismuth Subsalicylate (PeptoBismol)
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Sulfasalazine
Mesalamine (5-ASA) Olsalazine (Dipentum) Octreotide (Sandostatin) |
Tx with Diarrhea with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)& AIDS
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Ondansetron (Zofran)Granisetron (Kytril)
Alosetron (Lotrenex) are antiemetics that act by |
blocking 5-HT3
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Chloropromazine (Thorazine)
Promethazine (generic) Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Promethazine (Phenergan) Droperidol (Inapsine) |
D2 antagonists
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Mixed D2/5HT3 Antagonist
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Metoclopramide (Reglan)
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SE: Extrapyramidal reactions
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D2 Antagonists
Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Promethazine (Phenergan) Droperidol (Inapsine) |
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MOA of Antihistamines:
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Meclizine (Antivan) Cyclizine (Marezine) |
↓ impulse from vestibular apparatus
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Anticholinergic that is Best for motion sickness
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Scopolamine (Transderm-Scop)
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Substance P Receptor Antagonist
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Aprepitant (Emend)
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