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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Birth Control via contraception
two methods |
prevent implantation of fertilized ovum in the endometrium
inhibiting contact of sperm w/mature ovum |
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Oral Contraceptives
types |
Combined oral contraceptives (COCs)
- estrogen plus progestin Progestin only - breastfeeding women - effecacy less tha COCs - free of CV risks (unlike estrogen) Long-term injectables or implantables - progestin only Drospirinone |
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Oral contraceptives
PMDD |
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) (YAZ only): For treatment of symptoms of PMDD in women who choose to use an oral contraceptive as their method of contraception. The effectiveness of YAZ for PMDD when used for more than 3 menstrual cycles has not been evaluated.
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OCs
black box |
Smoking: Cigarette smoking increases the risk of serious cardiovascular side effects from oral contraceptives (OCs). This risk increases with age and with heavy smoking (at least 15 cigarettes daily) and is quite marked in women older than 35 years of age. Women who use OCs should not smoke.
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OCs
prevention of pregnancy |
Because of the positive association between the amount of estrogen and progestin in OCs and the risk of vascular disease and thromboembolism, minimizing exposure to these agents is in keeping with good principles of therapeutics. For any particular combination, prescribe the dosage regimen that contains the least amount of estrogen and progestin compatible with a low failure rate and needs of the individual patient. Start new patients on preparations containing estrogen 35 mcg or less.
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OCs
Acne |
Acne vulgaris (Ortho Tri-Cyclen and Estrostep only): For the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris in females at least 15 years of age who have no known contraindications to oral contraceptive therapy and who desire contraception, have achieved menarche, and are unresponsive to topical antiacne medications.
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OCs
MOA - progestin and estrogen |
Estrogen
- prevents development of a dominant follicle - does not suppress ovulation Progestins - blocks ovulation - leads to production of thick cervical mucous - contributes to involution and atrophy of the endometrium |
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OCs
estrogens |
ethinyl estradiol
mestranol |
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OCs
progestins |
desogestrel
norgestrel; levonorgestrel ethynodiol diacetate norethindrone, norethindrone acetate and, norethynodrel |
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OCs
CIs to estrogen |
-breast cancer
-recent dvt, pe, stroke, CAD, IHD -DM w/vascular dz (nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy etc) -HTN > 160/100 -pregnancy -surgery w/prolonged immobilization -structural heart dz (inc risk of VTE) -eg afib |
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OCs
What to use if pt has CI |
progestin only OCs
depot medroxyprogesterone intrauterine device |
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OCs
progestin only products |
pills
- 350 µg norethindrone - Micronor Nor-QD Nora-BE Jolivette, Camila, Errin Implants -etonogestrel (0.12 mg/24h) -Norplant system Injection - medroxyprogesterone (150mg/ml) - Depo-Provera IUD - Progesterone (Progestasert) - levonorgestrel (Mirena) |
