Womens Appreciation

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research method by which researchers analyze the content of documents or other artifacts

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content analysis

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the concept used to refer to the power of media ideals to direct our concepts of ourselves and others

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controlling images

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the idea that there are fundamental differences between women and men

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essentialism

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the beliefs that emerge when a subordinate group accepts and internalizes the world view of the dominant group

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false consciousness

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system of beliefs that distorts reality at the same time that it provides justification for the status quo

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ideology

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beliefs, practices, and objects that are part of everyday traditions

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popular culture

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form of contemporary social theory positing that society is not an objective entity and that all knowledge is situated in specific assumptions stemming from the historical period in which they develop

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postmodernism

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explanation of the depiction of women in the mass media that assumes the mass media reflect the values of the population

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reflection hypothesis

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explanation of media images of women and men that assumes that these images encourage role modeling by men and women observing the images

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role-learning theory

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beliefs that see women as inferior and defend their traditionally subordinated place in the world

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sexism

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perspective viewing people as contructing gender through their ongoing interaction with others

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social constructionist theory

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field of study within sociology that examines how ideas and knowledge are produced

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sociology of knowledge

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a measure of the overal volume and rate of crime, as indicated by offenses reported to the police (including murder, manslaughter)

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crime index

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sexual assault where the assailant is an aquaintance of the victim

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date rape

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behavior that the parts from conventional norms and is labeled and so recognized by groupps with the power to do so

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deviance

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theoretical perspective i psychology, emphasizing that some groups with the power to label deviant behavior excercise control over who or what is considered deviant

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labeling theory

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the idea that women who have been ictims of sexual and emotional abuse, raised in poverty, and subjected to violent relationships are more likely to be in crimial behavior

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reproduction of harm

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idea that violence stems from the cultural attrbutes of particular groups

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subculture of violence

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the official reports produced by the federal bureau of investigation detailing the amount of reported crime

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uniform crime reports

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studies based on large, national samples that estimate the extent of crime victimazation among particular groups

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victimization surveys

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referring to positive efforts taken to open new areas of opportunity to groups who have historically been disadvantaged

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affirmative action

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forms of labor(often unpaid) needed to nurture, reproduce, and sustain people

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carework

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a social position of group or individuals withint he system of class stratification whereby some groups or individuals have greater access to resources and powers than others

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class

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the institutionalized system by which some groups have more economic resources and powers than others

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class stratification

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principe of paying woman and man equivalet wages for performing jobs involving comparble levels of skill

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comparable worth

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those who are temporary employees, contract wrokers, and part time workers

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contingent workers

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act or practice of systematically disadvantaging one or more groups

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discrimination

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explanation of gender and equality as a result of the labor market organized into two segments: primary and secondary

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dual labor market theory

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the term used to refer to a multidimensional process of change in the nations economy including the transition from a manufacturing based economy to a service based economy

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economic restructing

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work people do to manage the emotions of others which is part of ones working evaluation

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emotional labor