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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Logistic Growth Equation
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dN/dt = rN {(K-N)/K} or rN = (1 – N/K)
dN/dt = rate of change in population size over time rN = rate of increase of the population K = carrying capacity…(maximum the environment can sustain) (K-N)/K = unutilized opportunity for population growth |
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Density Dependent Regulation
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: impact a population in proportion to its density
Biotic Factors: --predation** (more in later lecture) --intraspecific competition --disease --stress --reproductive inhibition --territoriality --dispersal * (does not regulate, but affects) |
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Density Independent Regulation
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---acts independently of population size
---BUT can still result in regulation Abiotic Factors: --weather --pollution --disasters |
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Scramble Competition
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---affects all individuals equally
…no interaction or interference ---”exploitative”…increased density results in decreased availability of resources (spotted hyena) |
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Contest competition
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…”interference”
…impacts only a fraction of the population (polar bears, muskoxen, wolves) |
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dispersal
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departure from territory or home range
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Self-thinning
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--high densities = low weight
--decline in survivors, but increase in biomass |
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presaturation dispersal
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--often to avoid inbreeding
--may be to find better or more mates --occurs prior to saturation level --usually healthy, fit members…may be juveniles --not forced out --may be sex-biased --in birds..usually females --in mammals..usually males |
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saturation dispersal
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--at high density
--habitat may no longer support increased numbers --usually sub-adults --usually subordinate or less-healthy members |
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Endocrine Disruption
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various chemicals including pesticides and industrial compounds can mimic hormones and result in reproductive anomalies
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