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280 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are two of the five principal grapes used to produce port wines in portugal?
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Touriga National, Tinta Barroca, Touriga Francesa, Tinta Roriz, Tinta Cao
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California produces what percentage of wine in the US?
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75%
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What is the most imortant native red grape used to make wine in Greece?
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Agiorgitiko
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Of the approximately 4,500 classified vineyards in Burgundy, France, how many carry the prestigious "Grand Cru" label
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33
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What are the 9 principal regions of Argentina?
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Mendoza, Rio Negro, La Rioja, Salta, Cafayate, Tucaman, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Neuquen
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What are the principal white grapes in Argentina?
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Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Chenin-Blanc, Torrontes
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What are the principal red grapes in Argentina?
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Malbec, Cabernet, Syrah, Merlot, Bonarda, Tempranillo, Sangiovese.
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What is the grape used to make the white wines of Vouvray in the Loire Valley, France?
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Chenin-Blanc
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In the US, what is teh scale used to measure the sugar content of grapes before harvesting and determine potential wine alcohol content?
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Brix
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What is the term used to describe wine that has been exposed to excessive, damaging heat?
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cooked or Madeirized (maderized)
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What is the most important native red grape in Greece?
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Agiorgitiko
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What is the dominant grape grown in Austria rarely grown anywhere else?
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Gruner Vetliner
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"Fume Blanc" is the American term for which varietal?
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Sauvignon-Blanc
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What is the popular name for a connoisseur of wine?
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Oenophile
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What is the term used to describe undesired smells or flavor similar to those found in Sherry wines?
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Oxidized
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What are the principal regions of Chile from North to South?
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Aconcagua Valley, Casablanca Valley, Maipo Valley, Rapel Valley, Calchugua Valley, Curico Valley, Maule Valley, Itata Valley, Bio Bio Valley
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What are the principal red grape varieties of Chile?
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Cabernet, Merlot, Cabernet-Franc, Carmanere, Carignan, Syrah, Pinot-Noir, malbec, Petit-Verdot
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What are the principal white grape varieties of Chile?
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Chardonnay, Sauvignon-Blanc, Semillon, Gewurztraminer, Riesling, Torrontes, Moscatel, Chenin-Blanc
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In what year were cutting of many European grape varieties brought to Chile, giving birth to the modern Chilean wine industry?
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1851
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Name 3 major wine producers of Chile.
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Almaviva (Maipo Valley), Hacienda Araucano (Calchugua Valley), Vinedo Chadwick (Maipo Valley)
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What is the technical term for the portion of wine along hte rim of the glass?
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Meniscus
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What is the common name for liquor distilled from wine and aged in wood, also meaning "burned wine"?
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Brandy
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What is the name of brandy produced in Chile and Peru?
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Pisco
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What is the name of the special region of France that produces brandy?
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Cognac
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What is Cognac?
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Brandy that is produced in Cognac, France (120 km north of Bordeaux)
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What is the term for the flavors that linger in the back of the throat or nasal passages after a wine is swallowed?
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Aftertaste or finish
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What is the name for the traditional Greek wine that is treated with pine tree resin?
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Retsina
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Barolo being the first, name the second region in Piedmont, Italy known for producing the world's best Nebbiolo based wines?
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Barbaresco
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What is the German name for the Northern Italian region of Alto Adige?
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Sudtirol
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What is the average number of grape berries it takes to produce a bottle of wine?
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600
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What are the three grapes that may be used to produce the sweet wines of Sauternes in Bordeaux, France?
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Sauvignon-Blanc, Semillon, Muscadelle
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What is the name of Italy's legal system which governs wine production?
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D.O.C. or Denominazione d'Origine Controllata
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What is the species name for grapes originated in Europe and the species name for grapes native to North-America?
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Vitis Vinifera are grapes from Europe, Vitis Vinifera Labrusca are native to North America
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What are the three principal grapes used to make Spanish Sherry wines?
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Palomino, Moscatel, Pedro Ximenez
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What is the German language wine term for a winery?
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Weingut
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What is the German word for "dry" used on German and Austrian wine labels?
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Trocken
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What is the Italian term for Sparkling wines?
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Spumante
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What is teh wine tasting term for the aromas or flavors associated with cut grass or green leaves?
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Herbaceous
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What is California's most planted grape?
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Thompson seedless (aka Sultana)
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What is the term for removing (dropping) select fruit bunches so that the vine's energy is focused on the ripening the remaining fruit?
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Green harvest
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What is the Portuguese term for single vineyard site or Estate?
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Quinta
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What chemical compound is added to wine to disinfect and stabilize it, as well as to prevent premature oxidation?
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Sulfites
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Rather than commonly blamed sulfites, name two chemical compounds scientists now believe to be responsible for headaches resulting from the consumption of wine?
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Histamines and Tannins flavonoids
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Tomato-based sauces should be made using high or low acid red wines?
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High acid reds
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What is the name of the German classification system that measure wine must density and indicates the level of ripeness?
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QmP (Qualitatswein mit Pradikat) or simply Pradikat
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What is the British term for wines from the Bordeaux, France region
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Claret
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In Rioja, Spain what are the difference in aging requirements between 'Reserva' and 'Gran Reserva' labeled wines?
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Reserva wines spend at least 1 year in oak barrels and 3 years aging in bottle, Gran Reserva wines spend at least 2 years minimum in oak barrels and 5 years aging in the bottle before release.
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How many grapes are allowed in Chateauneuf-du-Pape in France's Rhone Valley?
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13 Grapes are allowed. Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Picpoul, Terret, Counoise, Muscardin, VAccarese, Picardin, Cinsault, Clairette, Roussanne, Bourboulenc
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What are the main wine producing regions of Austria?
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Kamptal, Kremstal, Wachau, Donauland, Traisental, Wein, Carnuntum, Sudburgenland, Mittelburgenland
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What are the principal red grape varietals of Austria?
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Zweigelt, Blaufrankisch, Sankt Laurent, Blauburgunder, Cabernet, Merlot, Syrah
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What are the principal white grapes grown in Austria?
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Gruner Vetliner, Riesling, Welschriesling, Muller-Thurgau, Sauvignon-Blanc, Weissburgunder, Chardonnay, Muscat Ottonel, Samling 88, Furmint, Grauburgunder, Ziergandler
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What country is known for producing the world's finest crystal wineglasses?
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Austria (Riedel-Spiegelau)
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What are the principal red grapes grown in Germany?
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Spatburgunder (aka Pinot Noir), Portugieser, Dornfelder, Trollinger
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What are the principal white grapes grown in Germany?
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Riesling, Muller-Thurgau, Silvaner, Rieslaner, Elbling, Scheurebe, Gewurztraminer, Grauburgunder, Weissburgunder, Muskateller.
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Which Roman emporer was credited with spreading viticulture in Germany in the 3rd century?
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Probus
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In what year was German wine law most recently updated?
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1971
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What does the Pradikat system measure?
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It measures the natural sugar content of the grape juice at the time of harvest.
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List the 5 levels of German wine according to sweetness.
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Kabinett (Trocken, Dry), Spatlese (Trocken, Semi-Dry), Auslese (Trocken, Semi-Sweet), Beernauslese (Sweet), Trockenbeerenauslese (Sweet to Very Sweet), Eiswein (Very Sweet).
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What is the Portuguese coastal region known for its light-bodied, crisp white wine?
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Vinho Verde
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What is the French term for a specific cru owned by one sole producer?
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Monopole (Monopoly)
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What are the four principal wine growin areas of New Zealand's south Island?
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Marlborough, Nelson, Canterbury, and Central Otago
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What are two principal winegrowing regions of Bordeaux, France's "Right Bank?"
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St. Emilion and Pomerol
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What is the Spanish language term for winery?
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Bodega
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What is the second most widely planted red grape behind Sangiovese?
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Barbara
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Roughly, how many gallons of wine can be made from a ton of grapes?
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150 gallons
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What are the three grapes used to make Valpolicella?
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Corvina, Molinara and Rondinella
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What wine component is directly related to sugar content in the grapes and determines the weight and richness of a wine?
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Alcohol.
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What is the second most widespread grape grown in Burgundy, France to make white wine?
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Aligote (behind Chardonnay)
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Who was the scientist who discovered that yeast were responsible for the fermentation of grape juice into wine?
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Louis Pasteur
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What are the three best neutral palate cleansers to serve with wine during a wine tasting?
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White cheese, unseasoned crackers, white bread.
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What is the name of the river that runs through many of Washington State's major wine growing regions?
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Columbia River
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Humidity plays what roll in the storage of wine?
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It helps to prevent the cork from shrinking.
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What is the often confused identical name of both (a) a wine region in Tuscany, Italy and (b) a red grape from Abruzzi, Italy?
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Montepulciano
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What is the metric mesurement used to measure vineyard size that is equivalent to 2.47 acres?
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Hectare
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What are the two most common Italian names for a medium to large winegrowing property?
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Tenuta or Fattoria
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What is the name of the French system that governs wine production and quality?
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A.O.C. (Appelation d'origine Controle)
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Name the principal wine regions of New Zealand from south to north.
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Central Otago, Canterbury, Marlborough, Nelson, Martinborough, Hawkes Bay, Gisborne, Waikato, Auckland, Northland
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What are the principal red grapes of New Zealand?
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Pinot Noir, Cabernet, Merlot, Syrah
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What are the principal white grapes of New Zealand?
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Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Riesling, Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer, Semillon
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Who is credited with planting the first grape vines in New Zealand, and in what year?
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1819, by the Australian James Busby.
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Name a premier winery from Martinburough, NZ.
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Ata Rangi
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Name eight premier wineries from Marlborough, NZ.
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Cloudy Bay Vineyards, White Haven Wines, Seresin Estates, The Crossings Dog Point Vineyards, Spy Valley Wiens, Wairau River Wines, St. Clair Estate, and Auntsfield Estate.
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Name a premier winery in Central Ortega, NZ
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Amisfield wines
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Where does Villa Maria winery source their grapes from?
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Marlborough, Hawkes Bay, Gisborne, and Aukland.
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Name a premier winery in Aukland, NZ.
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Matua Wines
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What is the name of the freshly crushed grape juice as well as pulp, seeds and skins which will be fermented into wine?
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Must.
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What is the winemaking term for the straining out of dead yeast cells and other solid particles?
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Filtering
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What is the French term for wine tasting?
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Degustation
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What is Italy's most widely planted white grape?
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Trebbiano (aka Ugniblanc)
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What is the name of the famous brandy producing wine region of southwestern France?
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Armagnac (250 KM east of Bordeux)
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what is the type of a wood aroma most associated with aged Bordeaux, Rioja, or California Cabernet Sauvignon wines?
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Cedar oak
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What is Australia's largest quality winegrowing region?
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Barossa Valley
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What is a major winegrowing region of Western Australia?
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Margaret River
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What kind of acid forms small, harmless crystals in wines especially white wines?
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Tartaric acid.
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On average, how many years pass between the time grapevines are planted and the first commercial crop is harvested?
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Four years.
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What is the principal grape grown in Switzerland?
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Chasselas
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Which element, if too abundant in vineyard soil, leads to excessive leaf growth and shading of grape bunches?
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Nitrogen
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What is the Italian term for "vintage" or "year"?
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Vendemmia
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What is the Italian wine term for a winery which also produces assorted food products such as cheese, olive oil, or smoked meats?
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Azienda Agricola
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What is the name of the longest river in France which supports many wine growing areas?
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Loire River
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What are the two most important differnces between Pouilly-Fume and Pouilly-Fuisse?
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Pouilly Fume is in the Loire Valley and made from Sauvignon Blanc. Pouilly-Fuisse is in Burgundy and made from Chardonnay.
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What is the name of vines genetically of the same varietal that possess slightly different characteristics in flavor, berry sizes, growth habit, etc.?
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Clones
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What is the term for the Italian quality classification that means "wine typical of a region" and applies to many "Super Tuscans?"
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Indicazione Geografica Tipica (I.G.T.)
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The white wine of Orvieto in Umbria, Italy is based on which local grape?
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Grechetto
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What is the French term for the froth that forms on the surface of sparkling wines?
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Mousse
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Name the 5 main Australian wine regions.
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South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia.
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What are the principal red grapes of Australia?
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Shiraz, Cabernet, Merlot, Grenache, Mourvedre, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc, Barbera, Sangiovese
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What are the principal white grapes of Australia?
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Chardonnay, Riesling, Semillon, Colombard, Muscadelle, Muscat, Verdelho, Sauvignon Blanc, Gewurztraminer
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Who is credited with cultivating Australia's first commercial vineyard and winery, where was it, and what was it called?
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John Macarthur on his Camden Park property some 50km southwest of Sydney.
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Which Australian wine region managed to stay Phylloxera free?
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Barossa
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What are the dominent wine regions in South Australia, and what grapes are grown?
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Barossa Valley, McLaren Vale and Coonawarra are famous for Shiraz, and Clare Valley and Eden Valley are known for Riesling.
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In the United States, how much leeway is legally permitted in actual percentage of alcohol to that stated on the wine label?
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1.5%
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What is the common American term globally used for the busy time when grapes are harvested and pressed to make wine?
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Crush
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The famous sweet dessert wines of Hungary called Tokaji Aszu are based primarily on which grapes?
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Furmint
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What is the category of wine in which the alcoholic fermentation i stopped by the addition of Brandy before all the sugar has been converted?
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Fortified wine
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The term "Very Special Old Pale" or V.S.O.P. designates a superior bottling of what?
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Cognac
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What is the French term for blending different wines to create the final wine?
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Assemblage
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Wha tis the term for the peiod during which a wine will be at its peak of bouquet, flavor and complexity?
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Drinking plateau
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What is both the smallest Grand Cru vineyard in Burgundy and smallest appellation in France?
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La Romanee (La Romanee-Conti)
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What is the term for the sweetest variety of Madeira produced?
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Malmsey
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What is the French term for "old vines"?
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Vieilles Vignes
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What is the name of the process of adding sugar or grape must to under-ripe grape juice prior to fermentation and produce more alcohol?
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Chaptalization
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What is teh fermantation method used to produce the light, fuity, wines known as Beaujolais Nouveau?
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Carbonic Maceration
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What is the name for the type of sparkling wines that has little or no perceptible sweetness?
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Brut
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What is the nam eof the green foliage that grows above the grapevine's trunk?
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Canopy
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During which decades did England rule the region of Bordeaux, France, thus popularizing said wines?
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12th - 15th centuries
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What part of the tongue is most receptive to acidity and sourness?
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The front of the tongue.
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What are the two things that differentiate "Chianti Classico" with "Chianti Classico Superiore"?
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Superiore wine must possess a higher minimum alcohol level and at least one year of barrel aging
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What are the principal wine regions of Spain?
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Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat, Navarra, Toro, Jumilla, Valencia, La Mancha, Bierzo, Rias Baixas, Rueda, Penedes, Jeres-Xeres-Sherry
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What part of the tongue is most receptive to acidity and sourness?
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The front of the tongue.
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What are the main red grapes of Spain?
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Tempranillo, Garnacha, Monastrell, Carinena (aka Mazuelo), Graciano, Mencia, Cabernet
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What are the principal white grapes of Spain?
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Airen, Macabeo, Palomino, Albarino, Godello, Malvasia, Verdejo, Parellada, Pedro Ximenez
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When did Sherry become popular in Spain?
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16th century, which revived the wine industry.
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What are the principal regions of Portugal?
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Vino Verde, Douro, Beiras, bairrada, Dao, Ribateja, Estramadura, Terra do Sado, Alentejo, Algarve, Madeira
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What are the two things that differentiate "Chianti Classico" with "Chianti Classico Superiore"?
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Superiore wine must possess a higher minimum alcohol level and at least one year of barrel aging
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What are the principal wine regions of Spain?
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Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat, Navarra, Toro, Jumilla, Valencia, La Mancha, Bierzo, Rias Baixas, Rueda, Penedes, Jeres-Xeres-Sherry
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What are the principal red grapes of Portugal?
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Touriga National, Tina Barroca, Touriga Francesa, Tinta Roriz, Tinto Cao (all used for Port), Baga, Bastardo...
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What are the main red grapes of Spain?
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Tempranillo, Garnacha, Monastrell, Carinena (aka Mazuelo), Graciano, Mencia, Cabernet
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What are the principal white grapes of Portugal?
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Alvarinho, Malvasia, Muscat, Encruzado, Arinto...
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What are the principal white grapes of Spain?
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Airen, Macabeo, Palomino, Albarino, Godello, Malvasia, Verdejo, Parellada, Pedro Ximenez
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Which two wines constitute the bulk of Portugal's wine business?
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Port and Madeira
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When did Sherry become popular in Spain?
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16th century, which revived the wine industry.
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What are the principal regions of Portugal?
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Vino Verde, Douro, Beiras, bairrada, Dao, Ribateja, Estramadura, Terra do Sado, Alentejo, Algarve, Madeira
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What are the principal red grapes of Portugal?
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Touriga National, Tina Barroca, Touriga Francesa, Tinta Roriz, Tinto Cao (all used for Port), Baga, Bastardo...
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What are the principal white grapes of Portugal?
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Alvarinho, Malvasia, Muscat, Encruzado, Arinto...
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Which two wines constitute the bulk of Portugal's wine business?
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Port and Madeira
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What is the predominent red wine region of Spain?
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Rioja
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Which country has the largest area of land dedicated to wine grape production?
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Spain
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What is the white Spanish grape responsible for worst wine in the world?
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Airen
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What is the wine regulation system in Spain called?
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D.O. (Denominacion de Origen)
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What are the three levels of quality in Spain (and what are the time commitments between oak and bottle storage)?
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Crianza: one year in oak, one in bottle. Reservas: one year in oak, two in bottle. Gran Reservas: two in oak, three in bottle.
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Where do you find good white wine in Spain? And what varietal are they?
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Galacia (the most NW corner of Spain), Rias Baixas (northern border of Portugal). They are made from the Alberino grape.
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What is grape is Rueda known for?
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Verdejo (white)
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Where are Spain's most expensive wines made, and by what Bodegas?
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Ribera del Duero, Vega Sicilia
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What is the most popular varietal in Rioja? Which one comes in second?
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Tempranillo, coming in second is Grenacha Tinto (or Grenache in France).
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What are the three regions of Rioja in order of importance?
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Rioja Alta (which is also the name of a top estate), rioija Alavesa, and Rioja Baja.
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What kind of oak is mostly used in Rioja?
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American Oak
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Who are two up-and-coming producers in Priorato that are making big, age-worthy wines?
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Clos Mogador, and Clos Erasmus.
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Who is the most well-known wine maker in Penedes? Where else does he have stakes?
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Torres (led by Miguel Torres). He also has stakes in Chile (Miguel Torres) and California (Marimar Torres).
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What is the region that dominates central Spain, and what is it known for?
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La Mancha. Known for its size (1 million acres), known the grapes Airen (white, gross), and Cencibel (another name for Tempranillo).
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What is southern Spain known for? What town did it start in?
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Sherry is from Jerez.
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What are the three grapes Sherry is made from?
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Palomino, Pedro Ximenez (PX), and a splash of Moscatel.
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When Sherry is left to oxidize, what is the thick coating called that forms on top? What is it made of?
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It is called Flor, and it is made of yeast, which gives Sherry its flavor.
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Why is Sherry never vintaged? What is that system called, and how does it work?
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The Solera System is a tier of barrels containing wine of differing ages, starting form oldest to youngest. Each barrel is topped off with the one above, which creates continuity in quality.
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What are the three styles of sherry?
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Dry, Medium, and Sweet.
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What are some examples of Dry (Fino) Sherry?
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Manzanilla (light style), Amontillado, Oloroso.
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What's the defining characteristic of Amontillado?
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This Sherry is left in cask until the flor has died and sunk to the bottom, darkening the wine and giving it a more nutty character.
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What is the defining characteristic of Oloroso?
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This Sherry did NOT grow Flor, sold as Oloroso Seco.
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What are the two common Medium Sherry wines?
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Sweetened Amontillado, or made from Oloroso.
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Sweet Sheery is made from what?
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Oloroso sweetened with PX.
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What are some of the great Sherry producers?
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Emilio Lustau, Valdespino, barbadillo, Garvey, Gonzalez Byass, Osborne, and Hidalgo.
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Which Portuguese grape is the basis for Port wine, and dry red table wine?
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Touriga National
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What is the regulating body of Portuguese wines?
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DOC (Denominacao de Origem Contolada
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What is the best region and the river it sits upon?
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Douro
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What are the two best red wine regions in Portugal?
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Douro and Dao.
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What's a good white wine made in northern Portugal? What sets it apart?
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Vinho Verde. Light bodied, with some spritz due to secondary fermentation (but may just be CO2 added).
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What is Port?
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Wine fortified with a brandy spirit.
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When is Brandy added to make Port wine?
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Prior to the natural cessation of fermentation, ending fermentation early, leaving residual sugar.
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What did the relationship between Britain/France/Portugal look like in the 18th century?
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Britain and France were not speaking, so Britain sourced it's wine from Portugal.
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How was Port born?
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Red wines sent to Britain were being bolstered with Brandy as a preservative.
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How long does vintage port spend in barrell?
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2 years, rest in bottle.
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What are the quality levels of Port?
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Vintage Port, Single Quinta Port, Late Bottled Vintage Port (LBV), Tawny, White, Ruby.
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What is a Single Quinta Port?
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A Port sourced from a single vineyard, frequently close to quality of a vintaged port.
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What makes a Late-Bottled-Vintage Port unique?
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It is aged longer in oak, up to 4-5 years, which makes it ready to drink at a younger age.
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What makes Tawny port unique.
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LONG aging - 10-20 years or more.
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What is Port?
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Wine fortified with a brandy spirit.
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What makes white Port unique?
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It has a hint of ozidation.
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When is Brandy added to make Port wine?
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Prior to the natural cessation of fermentation, ending fermentation early, leaving residual sugar.
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What did the relationship between Britain/France/Portugal look like in the 18th century?
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Britain and France were not speaking, so Britain sourced it's wine from Portugal.
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How was Port born?
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Red wines sent to Britain were being bolstered with Brandy as a preservative.
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How long does vintage port spend in barrell?
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2 years, rest in bottle.
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What are the quality levels of Port?
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Vintage Port, Single Quinta Port, Late Bottled Vintage Port (LBV), Tawny, White, Ruby.
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What is a Single Quinta Port?
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A Port sourced from a single vineyard, frequently close to quality of a vintaged port.
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What makes a Late-Bottled-Vintage Port unique?
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It is aged longer in oak, up to 4-5 years, which makes it ready to drink at a younger age.
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What makes Tawny port unique.
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LONG aging - 10-20 years or more.
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What makes white Port unique?
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It has a hint of ozidation.
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What is Ruby Port?
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Ruby is young and simple.
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What grapes is Madeira made out of?
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Sercial, Verdelho, Bual, and Malmsey
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How is Madeira made differently than Port?
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Both fermentation cycles are cessated by Brandy spirity, but Madeira is heated for about 6 months.
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What are some premier Madeira products?
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Henriques & Henriques, Madeira Wine Company, Blandy, Barbeito
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Who are some prominent Port producers?
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Croft, Dow, Fonseca Guimaraens, W&J Graham, Niepoort, Quinta do Noval, Ramos Pinto, Taylor Fladgate, Warre.
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What is the name of the French system that governs wine?
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AOC (Appelation d'Origine Controlee)
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What is the term for the process of seperating clear wine juice from the sediment that has fallen to the bottom of the containing vessel?
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Racking
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What category of Port desser wiens undergoes extended aging in oak barrels?
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Tawny
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Which region in Sicily, Italy produces the country's most recognized fortified wines?
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Marsala
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What is the name of the pigments in red grape skins which give red wine its color?
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Anthocyanins
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What is Ruby Port?
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Ruby is young and simple.
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What grapes is Madeira made out of?
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Sercial, Verdelho, Bual, and Malmsey
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How is Madeira made differently than Port?
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Both fermentation cycles are cessated by Brandy spirity, but Madeira is heated for about 6 months.
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What are some premier Madeira products?
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Henriques & Henriques, Madeira Wine Company, Blandy, Barbeito
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Who are some prominent Port producers?
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Croft, Dow, Fonseca Guimaraens, W&J Graham, Niepoort, Quinta do Noval, Ramos Pinto, Taylor Fladgate, Warre.
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What is the name of the French system that governs wine?
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AOC (Appelation d'Origine Controlee)
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What is the term for the process of seperating clear wine juice from the sediment that has fallen to the bottom of the containing vessel?
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Racking
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What category of Port desser wiens undergoes extended aging in oak barrels?
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Tawny
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Which region in Sicily, Italy produces the country's most recognized fortified wines?
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Marsala
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What is the name of the pigments in red grape skins which give red wine its color?
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Anthocyanins
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What is Ruby Port?
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Ruby is young and simple.
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What grapes is Madeira made out of?
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Sercial, Verdelho, Bual, and Malmsey
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How is Madeira made differently than Port?
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Both fermentation cycles are cessated by Brandy spirity, but Madeira is heated for about 6 months.
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What are some premier Madeira products?
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Henriques & Henriques, Madeira Wine Company, Blandy, Barbeito
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Who are some prominent Port producers?
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Croft, Dow, Fonseca Guimaraens, W&J Graham, Niepoort, Quinta do Noval, Ramos Pinto, Taylor Fladgate, Warre.
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What is the name of the French system that governs wine?
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AOC (Appelation d'Origine Controlee)
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What is the term for the process of seperating clear wine juice from the sediment that has fallen to the bottom of the containing vessel?
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Racking
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What category of Port desser wiens undergoes extended aging in oak barrels?
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Tawny
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Which region in Sicily, Italy produces the country's most recognized fortified wines?
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Marsala
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What is the name of the pigments in red grape skins which give red wine its color?
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Anthocyanins
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What is the chemical compound that gives wine a 'corked' smell?
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TCA (2, 4, 6-Tricloroanisole-246 TCA)
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What is the name of the powdered clay used as a fining agent to clarify wiens?
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Bentonite
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What is the name for the empty portion of a wine container commonly filled with nitrogen or carbon dioxide to prevent contact between the wine and oxygen?
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Head Space
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What is a name of a quality wine varietal (red) produced in the northern region of Greece?
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Xinomavro
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What makes a wine become vinnegar?
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Acetobacter
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What is the name of the noxious yeast that occurs on grapes and in wineries which may give wine unplesant barnyard, mousy, or sweaty ordors?
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Brettanomyces, or "Brett"
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Which South-African wine region was the first to gain international acclaim?
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Constantia
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What is the Hungarian term for a basketful of Botrytis affected grapes that are added to dry wine to make the sessert wine called Tokaji Aszu?
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Puttonyo
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What is the Italian term for drying freshly picked grapes on straw mats or hanging them in bunchyes to dehydate and concentrate sugars?
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Passito
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What are two wine growing regions in South-Africa, and two districts?
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(1) Coastal region, Klein Karoo (2) Stellenbosch, Paarl
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What are the premier red grapes used in South-Africa?
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Cinsault, Cabernet, Pinotage, Shiraz, Merlot, Pinot-Noir, Cabernet-Franc.
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What are the premier white grapes used in South Aftrica?
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Chenin-Blanc (Steen), Sultana, Colombard, Palomino, Muscat...
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Where and when was wine first produced?
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Persia, 6000 BC
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Who, when and where and why was created Pinotage?
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Professor Perold in 1925 at Stellenbosch University. He wanted to combine the elegence of Pinot Noir with the hardiness of Cinsault.
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What is another name for the Cinsault grape in South Africa?
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Hermitage
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What is Constantia known for?
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They make the dessert wine 'Vin de Constance' drunk by Napoleon when exiled on St. Helena
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What are the two best varietals grown in Walker Bay?
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Pinot Noir and Charddonay.
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What are the five most premier regions of South Africa?
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Stellenbosch, Constantia, Paarl, Elgin, Walker Bay
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What is Montrachet?
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Is a Grand Cru vineyard in Cote de Beune, Burgundy. Chardonnay.
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Which two regions in Spain are very well known for making white wines?
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Rias Baixas and Rueda
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Why did Phylloxera never invade Chili?
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(1) The mountains are two high for the mountains to climb (2) The quarantine controls were to strict (3) The desert is to harsh for the louse to survive.
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How many wineries are there in California?
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Between 1,000 - 2,000
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What does Crianza mean in Spain?
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Releasing after 1 year in oak and one in bottle.
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What is the highest production grape in Washington State?
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Riesling
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Which commune in Bordeaux has the most First Growth wines?
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Pauillac
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How full or heavy the wine feels in your mouth, is mostly due to
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Ethanol
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Name a California winery that produces a demi sec sparkling wine.
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Schramsberg (in Calistoga)
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In which counties in California are most of the Syrah grapes planted?
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San Luis Obispo and Sonoma
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What does the word "Reserve" mean on a bottle of American wine?
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Nothing.
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Which part of France does Pouilly Fuisse come from?
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Maconnais
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Name a highly regarded producer from Chile.
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Errazuriz in Aconcagua Valley
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Which region would you find the wines of Bodegas Montecillo, Cune, and Marques de Caceres?
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Rioja
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What percentage of wines consumed in teh U.S. are made in the U.S.?
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75%
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Grapes for ice wines are picked at what tempature?
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-8C to -10C
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What is a wine grape that comes from teh central Italian province of Umbria?
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Sagrantino
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What is the second most widely planted grape in Germany?
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Muller-Thurgau
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What is a Meritage wine?
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A wine made from a bland of red grapes that typically grow in Bordeaux.
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Are American drinking more red wine or more white wine?
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45% white, 55% red
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What was the first official AVA in the US designated in 1980?
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Augusta (Missouri)
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Name the three countires that designate these as their signature grapes: Xynamovro, Tempranillo, Carmenere.
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Greece, Spain, and Chile
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Whic winery won teh white wine category in the famous 1976 Paris tasting of California vs. their French couterparts?
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Chateau Montelena
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Name a synonym for the Tempranillo grape in Spain.
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Tinta de Tora
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What percent of grapes must be present in the bottle if an AVA is named on said bottle?
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85%
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Which is the only grape allowed to produce Barolo and Barbaresco?
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Nebbiolo
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What do ampelographers do?
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Read grape leaves
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What is the newest AVA in the US
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Calistoga, Napa, California
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Which famous desert wine has the longest history?
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Hungarian Tokaji Aszu
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Which famous pink wine is made by blending red wine and white?
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Rose Champagne
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What does carbonic maceration mean?
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Full grape cluster fermentation
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Name one country that does not produce wine.
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Columbia
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Grenache (or Grenacha) comes from which country?
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Spain
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Which region of Spain is best known for Cava?
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Penedes (located in the Cataluna region, all the way in eastern spain).
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What are three great US regions known for solid Pinot Noir?
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Carneros, CA, Santa Barbara, CA, and Willamette Valley, Oregon
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How many wineries are there in the US?
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More than 6,000
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