Windows 7 Chapter 8 - Terms

Front 1

802.1x

Back 1

A IEEE standard designed to enhance security of wireless networks by authenticating a
user to a central authority

Front 2

802.11

Back 2

A group of IEEE standards that defi ne how to transfer Ethernet 802.3 data over
wireless networks.

Front 3

802.3

Back 3

A group of IEEE standards that defi ne the transfer of data over wired Ethernet based
networks.

Front 4

address prefix

Back 4

The fi rst portion of an IP address that allows the identifi cation of that
addresses type and therefore purpose

Front 5

ad hoc network

Back 5

A group of wireless computers sharing data directly with each other without
the use of a wireless access point.

Front 6

Advanced sharing

Back 6

A method for sharing folders that allows you to pick the specifi c options
you want. NTFS permissions are not confi gured

Front 7

alternate IP confi guration

Back 7

A set of static IP confi guration information that is used instead of
APIPA when a computer is unable to contact a DHCP server

Front 8

arp

Back 8

A command-line utility that can be used to display and manage the ARP table, which
maps IPv4 addresses to physical MAC addresses

Front 9

attack surface

Back 9

Parts of the computer, applications, and operating system components that can
be attacked by hackers, viruses, and malware during their attempts to intrude on a computer
system.

Front 10

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

Back 10

A system used to automatically assign an IP address
on the 169.254.x.x network to a computer that is unable to communicate with a DHCP server.
A default gateway setting is not confi gured with APIPA.

Front 11

cable modem

Back 11

A device that converts network signals from the cable company to a standard
Ethernet

Front 12

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

Back 12

A notation technique that summarizes the number
of binary bits in an IP address that identify the network an IP address belongs to, counted
starting from the left-hand side of the IP address as written in binary form. The number of bits
is written at the end of the IP address with a slash “/” symbol separating the two values (e.g.
192.168.1.0/24 or FE80::/64).

Front 13

client

Back 13

A client allows you to communicate with a particular service running on a remote
computer.

Front 14

Client for Microsoft Networks

Back 14

The client that allows Windows 7 to access fi les and printers
shared on other Windows computers by using the SMB protocol

Front 15

connection (network connection)

Back 15

The clients, services, and protocols that are confi gured for a
network card.

Front 16

Create A Shared Folder Wizard

Back 16

A wizard in Computer Management to create shared folders
that does not confi gure NTFS permissions.

Front 17

default gateway

Back 17

A router on the local network that is used to deliver packets to remote
networks.

Front 18

Digital subscriber line (DSL)

Back 18

A high-speed Internet connection over telephone lines.

Front 19

Domain Name System (DNS)

Back 19

A system for converting computer host names to IP addresses.

Front 20

domain network

Back 20

The location type that is used when a computer joined to a domain is on the
domain network, for example, a corporate offi ce.

Front 21

DSL modem

Back 21

A device that converts DSL signals to standard Ethernet

Front 22

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Back 22

An automated mechanism to assign IP addresses
and IP confi guration information over the network.

Front 23

File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks

Back 23

The service that allows Windows 7 to share
fi les and printers by using the SMB protocol.

Front 24

getmac

Back 24

A command-line utility that can be used to display the MAC address for network
adapters on a system.

Front 25

Home network

Back 25

The location type that is used for highly trusted networks where security is
minimal and convenient sharing with other computers is a priority.

Front 26

homegroup network

Back 26

A feature that allows fi le sharing between computers on a hoe network
without a complicated setup process

Front 27

hostname

Back 27

A command-line utility that can be used to identify the name of the computer.

Front 28

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

Back 28

A professional society that promotes
and nurtures the development of standards used in the application of electronic technology

Front 29

Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)

Back 29

A Windows 7 feature that allows multiple computers to
share an Internet connection by performing NAT

Front 30

Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)

Back 30

The standard protocol used on corporate networks and
the Internet.

Front 31

Internet Protocol Version 6 (TCP/IPv6)

Back 31

An updated version of TCP/IPv4 with a much larger
address space.

Front 32

IP address

Back 32

The unique address used by computers on an IPv4 or IPv6 network. An IPv4
address is commonly displayed in dotted decimal notation. For example, 10.10.0.50

Front 33

ipconfig

Back 33

A command-line utility that can be used to display and manage IP address settings
for network interfaces on a computer

Front 34

IPsec

Back 34

A protocol that is used to secure and authenticate an IPv4 connection

Front 35

Link Layer Topology Discovery Mapper I/O Driver

Back 35

The protocol responsible for discovering
network devices on the network and determining network speed

Front 36

Link Layer Topology Discovery Responder

Back 36

The protocol responsible for responding to
discovery requests from other computers.

Front 37

Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR)

Back 37

A protocol that defi nes methods for name
resolution of local neighboring computers without using DNS, WINS, or NetBIOS name
resolution services. LLMNR can operate on IPv4 and IPv6 networks with the use of specially
crafted multicast addresses to query client names on other computers.

Front 38

location type

Back 38

Describes the type of network: public, private, or domain. Different
confi guration settings are applied based on the location type.

Front 39

modem

Back 39

A device that converts computer signals to a format that can travel over phones
(modulate) and also performs the reverse function (demodulate).

Front 40

nbtstat

Back 40

A command-line utility that can be used to display protocol statistics and current
TCP/IP connections using NetBIOS over TCP/IP.

Front 41

netsh

Back 41

A command-line utility that can be used to display, change, add, and delete network
confi guration settings on a computer, including basic and advanced settings.

Front 42

netstat

Back 42

A command-line utility that can be used to display protocol statistics and current
TCP/IP network connections.

Front 43

network address translation (NAT)

Back 43

A system that allows multiple computers to share a single
IP address when connecting to the Internet.

Front 44

Network and Sharing Center

Back 44

A central location to view network status and confi gure network
settings.

Front 45

network location awareness

Back 45

The ability for Windows 7 to detect when it is connected to a
different network and perform actions based on the change.

Front 46

network bridge

Back 46

A feature in Windows 7 that combines two dissimilar network types, such as
wireless and wired, into a single network.

Front 47

network discovery

Back 47

A setting that controls how your computer views other computers on the
network and advertises its presence on the network.

Front 48

network driver

Back 48

The software responsible for enabling communication between Windows 7
and the network device in your computer.

Front 49

Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS)

Back 49

An interface that supports communication
between network protocols and network drivers.

Front 50

nslookup

Back 50

A command-line utility that can be used to view or debug the data returned from a
DNS server in response to a DNS name resolution query.

Front 51

pathping

Back 51

A command-line utility that can be used to test IP communications between the
computer running the utility and a remote target. In addition to the basic IP communication
test, the pathping utility will trace the routers involved in establishing the IP communication
path.

Front 52

ping

Back 52

A command-line utility that can be used to test IP communications between the computer
running the utility and a remote target.

Front 53

Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE)

Back 53

A protocol used to secure connections over
most DSL lines.

Front 54

preshared keys

Back 54

A combination of numbers, characters, and symbols that make up a passphrase
that both sides of an authenticated and encrypted network connection must know to
decode the data delivered between them successfully.

Front 55

private network

Back 55

The location type that is used for trusted networks where limited security is
required, for example, a small offi ce.

Front 56

public network

Back 56

The location type that is used for untrusted networks where high security is
required, for example, a public wireless hotspot

Front 57

route

Back 57

A command-line utility that can be used to display and manage the routing table.

Front 58

router

Back 58

Traditionally, a network device that moves packets from one network to another. The
routers sold in retail stores are used to share an Internet connection by performing NAT.

Front 59

routing table

Back 59

A data table that is used by Windows 7 to select the next IP address data must
be delivered to ultimately deliver data to a given target address.

Front 60

Security Set Identifier (SSID)

Back 60

A unique ID that identifi es a wireless access point to the wireless
networking clients that send data to it.

Front 61

Server Message Block (SMB)

Back 61

The protocol used for Windows-based fi le and printer sharing.
Windows 7 includes SMB version 2.1.

Front 62

service

Back 62

Provides functionality to remote clients over the network.

Front 63

Share With

Back 63

A wizard that simplifi es the setup process of sharing folders and confi guring
relevant share and NTFS permissions

Front 64

subnet mask

Back 64

A number that defi nes which part of an IP address is the network ID and which
part is the host ID.

Front 65

Teredo

Back 65

A system to tunnel IPv6 addressed packets over an IPv4 network, even if NAT is used
on the IPv4 network.

Front 66

tracert

Back 66

A command-line utility that can be used to trace the routers involved in establishing an
IP communication path between the computer running the command and a target address.

Front 67

Transport Device Interface (TDI)

Back 67

A legacy interface that supports the NetBIOS protocol used
by many older Windows applications.

Front 68

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)

Back 68

A security protocol for wireless 802.11 networks that
provides stronger security than WEP. WPA can be confi gured with a preshared key or with
authentication from a central authority.

Front 69

Windows Firewall

Back 69

A host-based fi rewall included with Windows 7 that can perform inbound
and outbound packet fi ltering.

Front 70

Windows Firewall and Advanced Security utility

Back 70

An utility that is used to confi gure Windows
Firewall and IPsec rules.

Front 71

Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS)

Back 71

A system used to resolve computer NetBIOS names
to IP addresses.

Front 72

Windows Sockets (Winsock) user mode

Back 72

An interface that supports communication between
user applications such as a Web browser and the TCP/IP protocol.

Front 73

Winsock Kernel (WSK)

Back 73

An interface that supports communication between kernel mode
software, such as clients and services, and the TCP/IP protocol.

Front 74

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

Back 74

A security protocol for wireless 802.11 networks that
provides weak authentication methods in comparison to WPA. WEP uses preshared keys that
attackers have been able to decipher without much diffi culty. The use of WEP is discouraged
where wireless security is a major consideration.

Front 75

Wireless Access Point

Back 75

A device that allows wireless devices to connect through it to a wired
network.

Front 76

work network

Back 76

The location type that is used for trusted networks where limited security is
required, for example, a small offi ce.