Wi: Test Two Material

Front 1

Participant Observation

Back 1

Malinowski

Front 2

Psychological Functionalism

Back 2

Malinowski

Front 3

Needs (Malinowski)

Back 3

Malinowski

Front 4

Science of culture

Back 4

Malinowski

Front 5

Structural Functionalism

Back 5

Radcliffe-Brown

Front 6

Sentiments

Back 6

Radcliffe-Brown

Front 7

Needs (RB)

Back 7

Radcliffe-Brown

Front 8

Joking relationships

Back 8

Radcliffe-Brown

Front 9

Fission / Fusion

Back 9

Evans-Pritchard

Front 10

Segmentary lineages

Back 10

Evans-Pritchard

Front 11

Equilibrium

Back 11

Evans-Pritchard / Brown

Front 12

Age-set

Back 12

Evans-Pritchard

Front 13

Cultural-frills

Back 13

Leach

Front 14

"Flux" or "power"

Back 14

Leach

Front 15

Rational theory of ethnicity

Back 15

Barth

Front 16

Game Theory

Back 16

Barth

Front 17

Detribalization / Retribalization

Back 17

Cohen

Front 18

Trade system based on trust

Back 18

Cohen

Front 19

Ethnic group versus ethnic category

Back 19

Cohen

Front 20

Sabo-mystical order

Back 20

Cohen

Front 21

Micro-history versus Macro-history

Back 21

Cohen

Front 22

Political ethnicity

Back 22

Cohen

Front 23

Political science versus social anthropology

Back 23

Cohen

Front 24

Theory of Cultural Evolution

Back 24

White

Front 25

Product (E x T)

Back 25

White

Front 26

Five stages of human development- cultural evolution

Back 26

White

Front 27

Law of cultural development

Back 27

White

Front 28

Culturaology

Back 28

White

Front 29

Diachronic

Front 30

Synchronic

Front 31

Multi-linear evolution

Back 31

Steward

Front 32

Cultural ecology

Back 32

Steward

Front 33

Cultural core

Back 33

Steward

Front 34

Cultural type

Back 34

Steward

Front 35

Four stages of social evolution (four levels of political orgnanization)

Back 35

Service

Front 36

Integration Theory

Back 36

Service

Front 37

Infrastructure

Back 37

Harris

Front 38

Mode of production

Back 38

Harris

Front 39

Mode of Reproduction

Back 39

Harris

Front 40

Structure

Back 40

Harris

Front 41

Superstructure

Back 41

Harris

Front 42

Political Economy

Back 42

Harris

Front 43

Emic

Back 43

Harris

Front 44

Etic

Back 44

Harris

Front 45

Middle Range Theory

Back 45

Harris

Front 46

Technoenvironmental determinism

Back 46

Harris

Front 47

Strategic priority of etic conditions

Back 47

Harris

Front 48

non-Europeans not frozen in time

Back 48

Wolf

Front 49

Complex society

Back 49

Wolf

Front 50

Nation-oriented groups

Back 50

Wolf

Front 51

Cultural brokers

Back 51

Wolf

Front 52

Mode of production (Wolf's definition)

Back 52

Wolf

Front 53

Mercantile wealth versus capitalism

Back 53

Wolf

Front 54

Intentionality

Back 54

Wolf

Front 55

Nativistic movement

Back 55

Wallace

Front 56

Revivalistic movement

Back 56

Wallace

Front 57

Revitalization movement

Back 57

Wallace

Front 58

Mazeway

Back 58

Wallace

Front 59

Cargo culture

Back 59

Wallace

Front 60

Collectivity and individuality (Wallace)

Back 60

Wallace

Front 61

Who is a neoevolutionist?

Front 62

Who is a neofunctionalist?

Front 63

Who is a NeoMarxist?

Front 64

Participant Observation

Back 64

Malinowski

Hint 64

Anthropologist should immerse himself deeply into culture

Front 65

Psychological Functionalism

Back 65

Malinowski

Hint 65

Society functions to satisfy individual biological needs

Front 66

Needs (Malinowski)

Back 66

Malinowski

Hint 66

Basic Needs, Instrumental Needs, Symbolic Needs

Front 67

Science of culture

Back 67

Malinowski

Hint 67

How social influences affect biological function

Front 68

Structural Functionalism

Back 68

Radcliffe-Brown

Hint 68

How social influences fulfill needs of the whole

Front 69

Sentiments

Back 69

Radcliffe-Brown

Hint 69

Regulate behavior of indviduals through ceremony / ritual

Front 70

Needs (RB)

Back 70

Radcliffe-Brown

Hint 70

Society's need to maintain unity / integrity

Front 71

Joking relationships

Back 71

Radcliffe-Brown

Hint 71

Relationships that serve function of maintaining solidarity

Front 72

Fission / Fusion

Back 72

Evans-Pritchard

Hint 72

Fissive is tendency to divide over drisis. Fusive is when lines are able to resolve

Front 73

Segmentary lineages

Back 73

Evans-Pritchard

Hint 73

Opposition becomes idiom through which society is held together- conflict maintain/reinforces solidarity

Front 74

Equilibrium

Back 74

Evans-Pritchard / Brown

Hint 74

Every element in a society works to maintain solidarity / integrity of a society

Front 75

Age-set

Back 75

Evans-Pritchard

Hint 75

Name for people of same age-class

Front 76

Cultural-frills

Back 76

Leach

Hint 76

Political statements about who you are in the world. Can be achieved with ritual and myth

Front 77

"Flux" or "power"

Back 77

Leach

Hint 77

…

Front 78

Rational theory of ethnicity

Back 78

Barth

Hint 78

Emphasized boundaries between ethnic groups rather than the "cultural stuff" which boundaries enclose

Front 79

Game Theory

Back 79

Barth

Hint 79

…

Front 80

Detribalization / Retribalization

Back 80

Cohen

Hint 80

Detribalization (adjusting to new social realities by adopting customs from other groups), Retribalization (Ethnic group adjusts to new realities by modifying customs or developing new customs under traditional symbols)

Front 81

Trade system based on trust

Back 81

Cohen

Hint 81

Trade system lacked banking, insurance, domumentation and taxation

Front 82

Ethnic group versus ethnic category

Back 82

Cohen

Hint 82

Ethnic Category (more heterogenous population) while Ethnic group (distinct internal social group- informal interest group)

Front 83

Sabo-mystical order

Back 83

Cohen

Hint 83

Intense, ritually emphasized

Front 84

Micro-history versus Macro-history

Back 84

Cohen

Hint 84

Micro-history (local small scale events that are advantageous for study); Macro-history (large scale structural changes)

Front 85

Political ethnicity

Back 85

Cohen

Hint 85

Sociocultural strategy of informal political groupings

Front 86

Political science versus social anthropology

Back 86

Cohen

Hint 86

Political science (biased towards point of view of state); Social Anthropology (biased towards informal relationships

Front 87

Theory of Cultural Evolution

Back 87

White

Hint 87

Energy x technology = product (energy is constant, technology varies)

Front 88

Product (E x T)

Back 88

White

Hint 88

Product represents that cultural status of a society

Front 89

Five stages of human development- cultural evolution

Back 89

White

Hint 89

1) People use energy of muscles; 2) people use energy of domesticated animals; 3) energy of plants; 4) energy of natural reources; 5) Nuclear Energy

Front 90

Law of cultural development

Back 90

White

Hint 90

Culture advaces as the amount of energy harnessed per capita per year increases, or as efficiency or economy of means is increased

Front 91

Culturaology

Back 91

White

Hint 91

Field of science which studies and interprets distinct order of phenomenon termed culture

Front 92

Diachronic

Hint 92

transition through time

Front 93

Synchronic

Hint 93

event at a specific moment

Front 94

Multi-linear evolution

Back 94

Steward

Hint 94

Cultures could evolve in any number of distinct patterns depending on environmental circumstances- but some parlells

Front 95

Cultural ecology

Back 95

Steward

Hint 95

Examinatin of cultural adaptations formulated by humans to meet challenges of environment

Front 96

Cultural core

Back 96

Steward

Hint 96

cultural features associated with subsistence practices

Front 97

Cultural type

Back 97

Steward

Hint 97

Cultures that share similar core features

Front 98

Four stages of social evolution (four levels of political orgnanization)

Back 98

Service

Hint 98

1) Hunter gatherer bands; 2) Segmentary society (tribes); 3) Chiefdoms; 4) States

Front 99

Integration Theory

Back 99

Service

Hint 99

Early civilizations not stratified based on property- only unequal political power

Front 100

Infrastructure

Back 100

Harris

Hint 100

Comprises society's relationship to government, including etic and behavioral mode of production and reproduction

Front 101

Mode of production

Back 101

Harris

Hint 101

Technology and practices employed for expanding or minimizing subsistence production

Front 102

Mode of Reproduction

Back 102

Harris

Hint 102

Technology and practices employed for expanding, maintaining or minimizing population size

Front 103

Structure

Back 103

Harris

Hint 103

Etic and behavioral domestic and political economies of a society- represent provisioning process

Front 104

Superstructure

Back 104

Harris

Hint 104

etic and behavioral symbolic and ideational aspects of a society- art, science, sports

Front 105

Political Economy

Back 105

Harris

Hint 105

Organization of reproduction, production, exchange and consumption within and between bands

Front 106

Emic

Back 106

Harris

Hint 106

descriptions accepted by natives as real, meaningful and appropriate

Front 107

Etic

Back 107

Harris

Hint 107

descriptions by observer- ale to generate scientific theories

Front 108

Middle Range Theory

Back 108

Harris

Hint 108

Tries to avoid general laws and look at theories that are not so general (Harris wanted to avoid)

Front 109

Technoenvironmental determinism

Back 109

Harris

Hint 109

Way we manipulate environment to meet needs of infrastructure

Front 110

Strategic priority of etic conditions

Back 110

Harris

Hint 110

We should first examine most basic mode of production- then consider influence that superstructure MIGHT have

Front 111

non-Europeans not frozen in time

Back 111

Wolf

Hint 111

They are not isolated- deeply implicated in world history

Front 112

Complex society

Back 112

Wolf

Hint 112

societies that cannot be explained as isolated and self-governing

Front 113

Nation-oriented groups

Back 113

Wolf

Hint 113

Marginalized figures who yet belong to wider system

Front 114

Cultural brokers

Back 114

Wolf

Hint 114

Serve as intermediates between national infrastructure and local groups

Front 115

Mode of production (Wolf's definition)

Back 115

Wolf

Hint 115

Way in which a society engages the means of production- similar to Harris but used in context of structure and infrastructure

Front 116

Mercantile wealth versus capitalism

Back 116

Wolf

Hint 116

Mercantile wealth do not control means of production while capitalism does

Front 117

Intentionality

Back 117

Wolf

Hint 117

Draws attention to how human beings are active in a ystem

Front 118

Nativistic movement

Back 118

Wallace

Hint 118

movements seen in worldly civilizations that turn back to a previous mazeway

Front 119

Revivalistic movement

Back 119

Wallace

Hint 119

Movement in which fading tradition is given new emphasis- start again

Front 120

Revitalization movement

Back 120

Wallace

Hint 120

Comes out of stress from entire group. Demonstrates that individuals can change whole society

Front 121

Mazeway

Back 121

Wallace

Hint 121

Invented term which signifies the way that culture and interrelated parts are perceived by the individual

Front 122

Cargo culture

Back 122

Wallace

Hint 122

Culture that revolves around cargo shipments- local populations became very envious of Westerners

Front 123

Collectivity and individuality (Wallace)

Back 123

Wallace

Hint 123

Culture is what collective think; Mazeway is what individual would think

Front 124

Who is a neoevolutionist?

Hint 124

Service

Front 125

Who is a neofunctionalist?

Hint 125

Harris

Front 126

Who is a NeoMarxist?

Hint 126

Wolf