Who Wrote The Bible Beg

Front 1

El

Back 1

male, patriarchal ruler. Chief Pagan God. Unlike the other god of the religion was not identified with a particular force of nature. sat at the head of the counsel and pronounced God's decisions.

Front 2

Yahweh

Back 2

God of Israel. male, patriarchal ruler. "we shall see" people described him instead of forces of nature.

Front 3

Why does David stand out as a major figure?

Back 3

1. we have lengthy info on him 2. if what the bible says about him is true he lived an extraordinary life 3. he established an enduring line of kings descended from him

Front 4

What made Saul an attractive first King?

Back 4

He came from the tribe of Benjamin, a small tribe, therefore little threat that he and his tribe would dominate through his position

Front 5

David's actions

Back 5

1. Moved capital from Hebron to Jerusalem 2. appointed a chief priest in the north and south 3. established a professional army

Front 6

What did Amnon do?

Back 6

raped and rejected his half sister Tamar, Tamar's full brother Asabolm killed him in revenge d

Front 7

What does the split of Jerusalem and Israel tell us?

Back 7

While the Temple in Jerusalem uses cherubs to form the throne of God, the Temple in Israel uses cast golden calves for the same purpose. This split becomes contentious between the two priesthoods, the northern Israeli that honors Moses and the southern Judah that honors Aaron. These differences become reflected in the Bible and help to determine which text was written by whom.

Front 8

What does Friedman say about investigating the Bible?

Back 8

Friedman emphasizes that investigative biblical study does not attempt to destroy anyone's faith. Rather, a greater understanding of the Bible and how it developed leads to greater possibilities for interpretation. For example, the notion of God as being both just and merciful arises due to the conflicts between two priesthoods, and as such may be a more accurate portrayal of God than either priesthood's stance.

Front 9

Since most of the biblical studies were performed by the___________, nobody had any reason to raise the question as to who actually wrote the Bible

Back 9

clergy

Front 10

What is Friedman's purpose?

Back 10

not to disprove the Bible nor to promote doubt about the contents. He wants to help the reader to understand the Bible more deeply in light of modern investigations into the language of the original Hebrew, the history in which the books developed, and in respect to archaeological discoveries in the modern age. If this destroys someone's preconceptions, he does not apologize. Rather, he forewarns that what once was the traditional belief about the authors of the Bible does not hold up with the evidence and analysis that he presents.

Front 11

What periods do the books J, E, P and D come?

Back 11

J and E are the oldest of the books, having been written during a nature/fertility period. D comes from a spiritual/ethical period and P from a priestly/legal period.

Front 12

Where was the Bible written?

Back 12

The ancient land in which the Bible was written lies near the Mediterranean coast. It stretches southward from the area around the Sea of Galilee, a large freshwater lake, to that around the Dead Sea, actually a salt lake and named so because the salt content is too high to support life other than microbes. The Jordan River connects the two bodies of water and empties into the Dead Sea.

Front 13

Differences between Soloman and David's rule

Back 13

David had ruled as a conquering leader, but Solomon rules as a peaceful leader, preferring to use diplomacy and trade rather than military might.

Front 14

What is the major difference between J and E authors?

Back 14

The major difference between the J and E authors lies in the word for God. J always refers to Yahweh (mispronounced Jehovah) and E refers to God, El or Elohim. Differences in language usage, style and interests indicate that E has two authors, one of whom concentrates mostly on priestly issues

Front 15

Differences in J and E?

Back 15

The E author's commandment about making statues casts doubt on both the northern calves, which are made of cast gold, and the southern cherubs, made of olive wood plated with gold. On the other hand, the J author's similar commandment is to not make molten statues, which bans the north's calves but not the south's cherubs. In Numbers, J elevates the ark to high importance but E does not mention it. Instead E writes about the Tabernacle, or the Tent of Meeting, while J does not bring it up.

Front 16

What does the combination of the two texts symbolize?

Back 16

The combination of the two texts also symbolizes the reuniting of the Jewish people 200 years after the north and south kingdoms had existed.

Front 17

Difference in J and P and D and E and the Aaron Priests

Back 17

The priests of J and P regard themselves as descendants of Aaron and look upon him in a positive light. D and E descend from Moses and see Aaron in a negative sense