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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What three groups settled in Italy?
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Greeks, Etruscans, Latins
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What did the Romans take from the Etruscans?
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Their alphabet and the idea of the arch
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What groups did the Romans take religious beliefs from?
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Etruscans and Greeks
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What religion did they have in early Rome?
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They believed in many gods and had stories for reasons that natural occurrences happened.
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What were the main two groups in Early Rome?
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patricians and plebeians
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What did they do with Romes Laws in Early Rome
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A group of 10 officials began writing down Rome's laws that was carved into 12 tables and hung in the forum.
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How was the government in early rome set up?
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Consuls
senate assemblies Sometimes, a dictator. |
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How was the military set up in Early Rome?
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Into legions which were divided into centuries.
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What is similar about Rome's old gov't and the gov't of the US?
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They are both republics.
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What happened in the first Punic War?
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It was for control over Sicily, Rome won.
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What happened in the second punic war?
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Hannibal led army around through the Alps and invaded from the North.
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What happened in the third punic war?
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Romans destroyed carthage; put salt all around the ground
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Who made up the first triumvirate?
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Caesar, Crassus, Pompey
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What reforms did Caesar make?
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granted citizenship to provinces,
expanded senate, created jobs, started colonies increased pay for soldiers |
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Who made up the second triumvirate?
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Octavian, Antony and Lepidus
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What was life like during Pax Romana?
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most lived in the countryside, not the city
only wealthy boys went to school father was in charge of entire household |
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What was agriculture like during Pax Romana?
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it was the most important industry
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Who were gladiators?
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professional fighters who fought to death in public contests
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Why did the government provide entertainment?
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To distract and control the masses
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What did Jesus stress?
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The importance of people's love for God, and everyone else.
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What was Jesus' message?
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His presence gave off a message that you should love everybody whether they be your friend or enemy.
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Explain Jesus' death.
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It was thought that Jesus was just challenging the authority of Rome. Pontius Pilate was forced to arrest Jesus and crucify him.
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Who was Peter and what did he do?
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One of the first apostles who spread the teachings of Jesus throughout Palestine and Syria
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Who was Paul and what did he do?
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An apostle who had enormous influence on Christianity. He was a Hebrew who was originally an enemy of Christianity until he had a vision of Christ. He spent the rest of his life spreading Christ's teachings. He wrote Epistles to groups of believers. He declared that Christianity welcomed all converts.
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Explain Constantine's miracle.
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He was a Roman emperor who was fighting 3 rivals for his title so he prayed for divine help. He saw a cross f light, so he had artisans put crosses on his soldiers' shields. He won.
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What is the Edict of Milan?
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It declared Christianity to be one of the religions approved by the emperor.
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Who was Theodosius?
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An emperor who made Christianity the official religion.
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What was the Diaspora?
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The dispersal of Jews after their rebellion
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Who were the important people throughout the Churches?
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the bishop- who supervised
the pope- the father of the Church |
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What did the New Testament contain?
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the four gospels, the epistles of paul, and other documents
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Who was Augustine and what did he do?
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He taught that while humans needed God's grace, he gave it freely. He wrote The City of God which explains how the fate of Rome is not important, because the City of God could never be destroyed. He became the bishop of Hippo
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Long-time Political causes of the Fall of Rome:
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political office seen as a burden, not reward
military interference in politics civil war and unrest division of empire moving of capital to byzantium |
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Long-time:Social causes of the Fall of Rome:
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decline in interest in public affairs
low confidence in empire disloyalty; lack of patriotism, corruption contrast between rich and poor |
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Longtime economic causes of the fall of rome:
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poor harvests
disruption of trade no more war plunder gold and silver drain inflation crushing tax burden widening income gap |
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longtime military causes of the fall of rome
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threat from northern european tribes
low funds for defense problems recruiting roman citizens; recruiting of non-romans decline of patriotism and loyalty among soldiers |
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Immediate causes of the fall of rome:
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pressure from Hungs
invasion by Germanic tribes and by Huns sack of rome conquest by invaders |
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Who was Diocletian and what did he do?
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A strong-willed army leader who became the new emperor in 284 AD. He governed as an absolute ruler and increased Rome's strength. He drafted for army and fixed prices on goods. He ordered farmers to stay at their lands. Viewed Christians as a threat and passed decrees to persecute them. Divided into Greek east and Latin west.
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What were the fine arts of Greco-Roman culture like?
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Sculpting: Bas-relief images
Mosaics were big. Painting: frescoes |
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What was literature like in Greco-Roman culture?
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Virgil - a serious writer
Ovid - a light, witty writer Livy - compiled a multi-volume history of Rome from its origins to 9 BC. It was more of a myth than history. Tacitus - wrote about the good and bad of imperial Rome. He is notable because he presented facts accurately. |
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What was the Aeneid about?
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Most famous work of latin literature; the epic of the legendary Aeneas
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Who wrote Annals and Histories?
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Tacitus
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What engineering tool was invented in Greco-Roman culture?
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aqueducts
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Romes 5 laws:
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all persons had right to equal treatment
innocent until proven guilty burden of proof rested with accuser, not accused punished for actions not thoughts any law that seems unreasonable could be set aside |
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How have Roman laws influences the US?
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It formed the basis of legal systems
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Who was Procopius?
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A court-writing historian who described Justinian as a serious, even-tempered man.
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Who was Belisarius?
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Justinian's best general who was sent to recover N. Africa from the Vandals
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Who was Theodora?
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Justinia's wife who had immense power. She restores icons in 843
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What was Hagia Sophia?
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the crowning glory of Justinia's reign. "Holy Wisdom" The Beauty of it convinced Russian nobles to have their country adopt Byzantine Christianity.
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What did the Hippodrome offer?
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wild chariot races and circus acts
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Attacks that lead to the fall of Constantinople?
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Lombards overran Justinian's conquests.
Avars, Slavs and Bulgars made frequent raids on the N border. Persians and Avars struck Constantinople Arabs attack provinces Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453 |
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What caused the split of the Church?
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The Eastern Church In Constantinople continued to flourish but distance and lack of contact slowly caused the doctrines and rituals of Western and Eastern Christianity to diverge.
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