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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Significance of using Horse Power
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team of horses could plow twice as much land in a day as oxen could
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Significance of using Three-Field System
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farmers could grow more land and villagers had more to eat. And food produced was better for people
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Guilds were
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an association of people who worked at the same occupation. They are similar to Unions today. They controlled all wages and prices in their craft. They enforced standards of quality.
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Why did Jews lend money?
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It was one of the few ways of making a living allowed to them
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Describe Medieval Towns
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narrow, filthy streets. They developed haphazardly, overpopulation resulted. Very nasty, gross places
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Burghers were..
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town dwellers
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Vernacular is..
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the everyday language of a homeland
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Important writers of the time period
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Dante Alighieri wrote "The Divine Comedy"
Geoffrey Chaucer wrote "The Canterbury Tales" |
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Thomas Aquinas
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wrote "Summa Theologica"
he argued that most basic religious truths could be proved by logical argument |
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What were Scholastics?
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Scholars that met at great universities. Also known as schoolmen. They influenced the thinking of Western Europeans
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Significance of using Horse Power
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team of horses could plow twice as much land in a day as oxen could
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Significance of using Three-Field System
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farmers could grow more land and villagers had more to eat. And food produced was better for people
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Guilds were
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an association of people who worked at the same occupation. They are similar to Unions today. They controlled all wages and prices in their craft. They enforced standards of quality.
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Why did Jews lend money?
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It was one of the few ways of making a living allowed to them
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Describe Medieval Towns
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narrow, filthy streets. They developed haphazardly, overpopulation resulted. Very nasty, gross places
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Burghers were..
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town dwellers
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Vernacular is..
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the everyday language of a homeland
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Important writers of the time period
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Dante Alighieri wrote "The Divine Comedy"
Geoffrey Chaucer wrote "The Canterbury Tales" |
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Thomas Aquinas
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wrote "Summa Theologica"
he argued that most basic religious truths could be proved by logical argument |
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What were Scholastics?
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Scholars that met at great universities. Also known as schoolmen. They influenced the thinking of Western Europeans
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Why do King Philip IV and Pope Boniface VIII fight?
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Pope Boniface wanted to enforce authority over the kings,
but Philip wanted authority over bishops. Philip then took him prosioner! Uh oh. |
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What was the effect of moving the Pope's new home to Avignon from Rome?
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It weakened the church
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Why did Urban VI get elected as pope?
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Since the French had the Pope Clement VII, the Italians felt as though the real pope should be in Rome. They elected him at the same time-Intalian
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Wh did the french elect a different Pope?
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The french wanted the Pope to be French instead of italian.
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Great Schism - What was it?
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It was the "division" of the church because there were three popes at once.
All of them kept excommunicating each other. |
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Who were the three popes and what "ethnicity"?
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Urban VI - Italian
Clement VII - French Unnamed.... - German |
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What did John Wycliffe preach?
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He preched that Jesus was the head of the church, not the pope.He said that the bible was the final authority.
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What did Jan Hus preach? What was the outcome?
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He was a Bohemian professor who preached that Jesus was the head of the church.
Excommunicated in 1412 and burned at the stake for hericy in 1415 |
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Where did the Bubonic Plague start and wo where did it spread?
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It began in Asia and spread through Italy, France, Germany, and Englad. Essentially all of Europe
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What were signes of Bubonic plague?
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Black and purple stops. Icky
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Battle of Hastings
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read the handout
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Eleanor of Aquitaine
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most influential woman of her time. She introduced the Code of chivalry
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Magna Carta
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(Great Charter) guaranteed certain basic rights, Was signed on June 15, 1215. Nobles forced John Softsword to sign it.
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Model Parliament
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formed by Edward I to raise taxes for a war against the French. It broke up into the House of Commons and the House of Lords.
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Capetian Dynasty was started by
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Hugh Capet
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Philip II
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He wanted to weaken the power of English kings in France. He tripled the lands under his direct control and was the first French king to be more powerful than his vassals
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Louis IX
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He created an appeals court in France that was able to overturn the decisions of local courts
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Philip IV
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He fought with the pope over his right to tax priests.
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The Estates General
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was all meetings of groups as a support for the kings policies. First Estate was church leaders, Second Estate was great lords, Third Estate was commoners
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What were the results of the plague?
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It killed nearly 25 million people in Europe.
Populations fell, trade declined, prices rose, farms were abandoned, the manorial system crumbled, and peasants revolted |
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Who was blamed for the Plague?
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The dirty Jews!
They were burned and tortured for it |
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Why did the Hundred Years' War begin?
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It was a major dispute over an english man, Edward III, wanting to take the throne in France
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What were the three battles? Who won?
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Battle of Crecy - England
Battle of Poitiers - England Battle of Agincourt - England |
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What new advancements in technology were created because of the Hundred Years' War?
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The longbow which was used by the English to win the three battles they did.
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Who was Joan of Arc?
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Shew as a 13 year old girl who claimed that God was telling her to rescue france fom the english invaders.
She led the French into battle at Orleans and helped Charles be crowned. Later she was captures and burned at the stake for hearing voice bu the Burgundians |
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How did the Hundred Years' War end?
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It ended with France winning. They forced the English out of France and took control again.
England only owned the city of Calais |
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What was the impact of the Hundred Years' War?
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For England:
1.They gained Calais 2. Suffered War of the Roses which strengthened parliament For France: 1. Many lives were lost 2. Property and money were lost 3. Power and prestige rose for the French monarch England and France started seeing the king as a national leader |
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What were the causes for the END of the middle ages?
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The middle ages ended when intesnse religion and the code of chivalry ended and the Age of Faith died.
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What caused the Age of Faith to die?
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The Great Schism
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