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221 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which bug is coagulase positive? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which bug has protein A as a virulence factor? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which bug causes Scalded Skin Syndrome/Ritter's disease? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which bug is the #1 cause of osteomyelitis? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which bug causes boils, sties, abscesses, furuncles, carbuncles, and impetigo? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which bug causes infections (biofilms) on catheters and other synthetic devices? |
Staphylococcus epidermidis |
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Which bug causes UTIs and is the #2 cause of cystitis in women? |
Staphylococcus saprophyticus |
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Which bug is lancet shaped, Gm+ diplococcus, soluble in bile salts, and sensitive to optochin? |
Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Which bug an etiologic agent of pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, sinusitis and death? |
Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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Which bug has asplenia as an important predisposing factor to disease? |
Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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In which bug is recovery associated w/ the appearance of anticapsular antibodies? |
Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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Which bug causes a clinical disease w/ abrupt onset fever, chills, chest pain, and productive cough followed by crisis 7-10 days post infection? |
Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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Which bug causes a pneumonia that rarely occurs as a primary infection? |
Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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With which bug are the elderly, infants, immunocompromised, and alcoholics most vulnerable? |
Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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Which bug contains the four subgroups anginosus, mitis, mutans, and salivarus? |
Streptococcus viridans group |
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Which bug is the major cause of Sub-acute bacterial endocarditis (SBE), usually on a damaged valve or often following a dental procedure? |
Streptococcus viridans group |
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Which bug causes serious pyogenic strep infections, meningitis, brain and liver abscesses, oral infections, and appendicitis? |
Streptococcus viridans group |
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Which bug is alpha-hemolytic, optochin resistant, and bile insoluble? |
Streptococcus viridans group |
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Which bug is treated w/ penicillin and gentamicin for synergistic killing? |
Streptococcus viridans group |
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Which bug in the Streptococcus viridans group is often resistant to penicillin? |
Streptococcus mitis |
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Which bug contains Granulitcatella species and Abiotrophia defectiva? |
"Streptococcus" nutritionally variant |
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Which bug is pleomorphic and gram variable? |
"Streptococcus" nutritionally variant |
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Which bug requires pyridoxyl (Vitamin B6) to grow, and thus doesn't grow on normal growth media? |
"Streptococcus" nutritionally variant |
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Which bug causes less than or equal to 5% of endocarditis and causes greater morbidity than other strep cases? |
"Streptococcus" nutritionally variant |
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Which bug is treated with either penicillin and gentamicin OR vancomycin and rifampin? |
"Streptococcus" nutritionally variant |
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Which bug utilizes M proteins, hyaluronic acid capsules, streptococcal pyogenic exotoxins, streptolysins O & S, and streptokinase? |
Streptococcus group A--Streptococcus pyogenes |
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Which bug causes pharyngitis, Scarlet Fever, impetigo, TSS, erysipelas, cellulitis, and necrotizing fasciitis? |
Streptococcus group A--Streptococcus pyogenes |
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Which bug can cause post-streptococcal auto-immune sequelae such as Acute Rheumatic Fever and Acute Glomerulonephritis? |
Streptococcus group A--Streptococcus pyogenes |
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Which bug infection should you treat w/ penicillin immediately to avoid adverse sequelae? |
Streptococcus group A--Streptococcus pyogenes |
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Which bug causes neonatal sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis, sepsis, UTI, and soft tissue infections? |
Group B Strep--Streptococcus agalactiae |
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Which bug expresses Group D antigen on cell membrane, are bacitracin resistant, and soluble in 40% bile or pH 9.6? |
Enterococcus species |
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Which bug is resistant to many antibiotics (clindamycin, macrolides, cephalosporins, monobactams, and semi-synthetic penicillins), but is inhibited by penicillin? |
Enterococcus species |
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Which bug mainly causes UTIs, endocarditis, and septicemia? |
Enterococcus species |
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Which bug is a leading opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen? |
Enterococcus species |
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Which bug causes bacteremia associated (>50%) w/ occult malignancy of the colon? |
Streptococcus bovis |
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Which bug is a Gm+, aerobic, non-spore forming rod? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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Which bug appears as "Chinese characters"? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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Which bug grows selectively on potassium tellurite agar? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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Which bug has humans as the only known reservoir, and had its largest recent outbreak in U.S.S.R due to poor immunization? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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Which bug produces a cytotoxin exotoxin that imparts damage via local and systemic effects? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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Which bug had its exotoxin gene introduced by a lysogenic bacteriophage? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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Which bug produces a toxin that binds to the heparin binding epidermal growth factor receptor present particularly in cardiac and nerve cells, and which inactivates EF2 shutting down all protein synthesis and killing the cell? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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Which bug has both a respiratory and cutaneous presentation, involving gray-white pseudo/membranes? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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With which bug is the most important part of treatment administration of an antitoxin? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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With which bug is it necessary to administer a vaccine after recovery? |
Corynebacterium diptheriae |
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Which bug is a Gm+, spore-forming, non-motile, aerobic rod? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Which bug has both a "bamboo" appearance, as well as a "medusa head" appearance? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Which bug is primarily a disease of herbivores, especially cattle and sheep? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Which bug produces spores that can enter humans by inoculation, ingestion, and inhalation? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Which bug's major virulence factors include a capsule that is a polypeptide of glutamic acid? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Which bug produces edema toxin, lethal toxin, and protective antigen? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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With which bug do patients who recover have permanent immunity? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Which bug can cause cutaneous, gastrointestinal, or pulmonary infections, most of which result in death? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Which bug is classically treated w/ IV penicillin, but is treated w/ doxycycline or ciprofloxin in bioterrorism cases? |
Bacillus anthracis |
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Which bug is a major cause of food poisoning (2 forms) and is found in soil, vegetables, and water? |
Bacillus cereus |
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Which bug causes a self-limiting emetic food poisoning w/ a short incubation period associated w/ reheated rice? |
Bacillus cereus |
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Which bug causes a self-limited diarrheal food poisoning (profuse watery diarrhea and abdominal pain) w/ a longer incubation period and associated w/ contaminated meat and vegetables? |
Bacillus cereus |
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Which bug is Gm+, non-spore forming, "rod" like, motile, facultatively anaerobic, beta-hemolytic, catalase-positive, and can grow at low temps (2-5 C)? |
Listeria monocytogenes |
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Which bug's main source is soil, decaying vegetable matter, and contaminated food, and is mostly seen in neonates, the elderly, pregnant women, and the immunocompromised? |
Listeria monocytogenes |
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Stomach acid plays a protective role with which bug, putting those on antacids or H2 antagonists at an increased risk? |
Listeria monocytogenes |
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Which bug has internalin, lysteriolysin O, and ActA, and resides w/in macrophages to hide from the immune system? |
Listeria monocytogenes |
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Which bug can be carried by macrophages to the liver and spleen, leading to a disseminated infection? |
Listeria monocytogenes |
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Which bug can cause pregnancy associated bacteremia (may cause premature labor), Granulomatosis infantiseptica, bacteremia, and meningoencephalitis? |
Listeria monocytogenes |
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Which bug is treated w/ IV antibiotics ampicillin and gentamycin (alternatively trimethoprim/sulfa) and may require 3-6 wks of therapy? |
Listeria monocytogenes |
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Which bug is an occupational disease of butchers and fish handlers, and causes cutaneous infections called erysipeloid? |
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae |
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Which bug maintains the acidic pH of the vagina and is rarely pathogenic? |
Lactobacillus species |
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Which bug is spore-forming, Gm+ rods, "boxcar" appearance, and lives in soil and animal intestines? |
Clostridium species |
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Which bug has heat resistant spores that germinate and release neurotoxins that prevent the release of acetylcholine? |
Clostridium botulinum |
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Which bug causes three types of disease: food-borne (treated w/ antitoxin and supportive care), infant, and wound (treated w/ surgical debridement? |
Clostridium botulinum |
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Which bug is usually due to a traumatic wound and releases a toxin that inhibits neurotransmitter (GABA and glycine) release? |
Clostridium tetani |
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Which bug causes spastic paralysis ("lock jaw")? |
Clostridium tetani |
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Which bug is treated w/ antitoxin, penicillin G, wound care, and support, and requires vaccination even after infection? |
Clostridium tetani |
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Which bug causes food poisoning (enterotoxin) as well as gas gangrene (exotoxin)? |
Clostridium perfingens |
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Which bug causes 40-60% mortality even w/ treatment? |
Clostridium perfingens (gas gangrene) |
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Which bug is dormant in the large bowel, but becomes problematic when normal GI flora is suppressed by antibiotics (e.g. clindamycin, quinolones)? |
Clostridium difficile |
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Which bug secretes toxin A, an enterotoxin that causes diarrhea and "pseudomembrane coilitis", and toxin B, a cytotoxin? |
Clostridium difficile |
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Which bug is treated by discontinuing the use of other antibiotics if possible, metronidazole, vancomycin, fecal implants, and IVIG in case of relapse? |
Clostridium difficile |
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Which bug has spores that are transmissible to other patients and can only be removed w/ soap and water? |
Clostridium difficile |
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Which bugs cause aspiration pneumonias, post-surgical infections, intraabdominal infections, and female pelvic infections? |
Gm+ anaerobic cocci |
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Which bugs cause bite wound infections and PID? |
Gm- anaerobic cocci (Veillonella) |
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Which bug is non-sporulating, Gm-, bacilli, normal flora in the colon, and is encapsulated (abscess former, bacteremia)? |
Bacteroides fragilis |
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Which bug causes major infections "below diaphragm" (post-trauma intraabdominal infections, pelvic infections, decubitus ulcers, etc.)? |
Bacteroides fragilis |
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Which bug is nonj-sporulating, Gm-, and causes mouth, lung, and intraabdominal infections? |
Prevotella |
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Which bug is non-sporulating, Gm-, and causes sinusitis, chroninc otitis media, dental, lung, and intraabdominal infections (can spread to become brain abscess)? |
Fusobacteria |
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Which bug is non-sporulating, Gm-, is normal skin flora and causes acne? |
Propionibacterium acnes |
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Which bug is aerobic but grows best anaerobically, filamentous, Gm+, and causes head/neck, chest, and abdominal infections? |
Actinomyces |
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Which bug has "lumpy jaw" and sulfur granules in sinus drainage as common findings? |
Actinomyces |
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Which bug causes a classic apical lesion with cavity on x-ray? |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Which bug is an acid-fast bacillus? |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Which bug is acid-fast, slightly curved bacilli, can't be cultured on artificial lab media, and ONLY grows on certain snimals, such as mouse foot pads and armadillos? |
Mycobacterium leprae |
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Which bug causes three different diseases, based on the patient's immune response (TH1 vs TH2)? |
Mycobacterium leprae |
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With which bug do 50% of treated patients develop reactions/complications ranging from inflammation of skin lesions to neuritis, uveitis, and nephritis? |
Mycobacterium leprae |
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Which bug is the most common NTM in the U.S., is nonchromagenic, and presents as a pulmonary infection mimicing TB in normal hosts? |
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare |
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Which bug is the most common NTM in AIDS patients and presents w/ disseminated infection of fever, weight loss, hepatitis, bone marrow suppression, and chronic watery diarrhea? |
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare |
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Which bug is the most important photochromogen? |
Mycobacterium kansasii |
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Which bug has most cases in the midwest and southern US, and causes a lung infection that resembles TB, but can cause extrapulmonary disease if the patient is immunocompromised? |
Mycobacterium kansasii |
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Which bugs are the most common rapid growers, resemble diptheroids, are most often acquired by trauma and plastic/cardiac surgery, and are highly resistant to many anti-TB drugs? |
Mycobacterium fortuitum and cheloni |
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Which bug is a photochromogen that is free-living in fresh and salt water? |
Mycobacterium marinum |
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Which bug infects fish and can cause skin infections after open wounds come into contact w/ swimming pools or fish tanks--usually a painless papule which may ulcerate and is treated by excision or clarithromycin? |
Mycobacterium marinum |
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Which bug is a scotochromogen, a saprophyte, and causes many types of infections in immunocompromised patients? |
Mycobacterium gordonae |
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Which bug is Gm- (will stain w/ Gimenez), non-motile, rod-to-coccoid shaped, small bacteria similar in size to a large virus, is an oblicgate intracellular parasite that requires the host for ATP, NAD, and CoA, and requires a vector? |
Rickettsia rickettsiae |
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Which bug resides in species of squirrels and some dogs, is transferred by the tick species Dermacentor andersonii and variabilis, and has humans as "dead-end" hosts? |
Rickettsia rickettsiae |
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Which bug causes Rocky Mountain Spotted fever, which causes a rash (vasculitis), fever, and headache? |
Rickettsia rickettsiae |
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Which bug has an urban distribution and is transmitted via mites that live on house mice, is self-limited, and causes the rickettsial triad (rash, fever, headache)? Causes rikettsialpox |
Rickettsia akari |
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Which bug causes epidemic typhus, is seen in conditions of crowding and war, is transmitted by lice, and is characterized by the abrupt onset of the rickettsial triad following a 2-wk incubation period? |
Rickettsia prowazekii |
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Which bug causes endemic or murine typhus, is an endemic flea-borne (rat flea) disease that is similar to but less severe than epidemic typus, and causes the classic rickettsial triad after a 10-day incubation period? |
Rickettsia typhi |
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Which bug is Gm-, spirochete, anaerobic, w/ helically coiled cells, concentrated in the coastal Northeast and upper Midwest, and uses Ixodes ticks as vectors? |
Borrelia burgdorferi |
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Which bug causes erythema chronicum migrans in stage 1 of the infection, multiple ECMs all over the body, aseptic meningitis, cranial nerve palsies, peripheral neuropathies, transient cardiac abnormalities, migratory arthritis and muscle pain in stage 2, and chronic arthritis and chronic fatigue in stage 3? |
Borrelia burgdorferi |
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Which bug causes Rocky Mountain SPOTLESS Fever? |
Erlichia |
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Which bug is associated w/ slaughterhouses, cattle, goats, and lambing, and causes Q fever as well as atypical pneumonia? |
Coxiella burnetti |
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Which bug causes tularemia and has rabbits and ticks as the principal reservoirs? |
Francisella tularensis |
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Which bug causes babesiosis (mild if spleen intact--presents as fever, chills, headache, malaise, and anemia) and causes a tetrad inclusion (maltese cross) in RBCs? |
Babesia microti |
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Which bug causes Yellow Fever (human and monkey reservoirs; affects multiple organs including the liver, causing jaundice)? |
Flavivirus |
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Which bug causes Chikungunya Fever (fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, myalgia, joint pain)? |
alphavirus |
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Which bug causes Carrion disease (massive invasion of RBCs, RBC deformity, hemolytic anemia, high fever, transient immunosupression) and Verruga Peruana (chronic vascular form of Carrion characterized by solitary angiomatous nodules) |
Bartonella bacilliformis |
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Which bug is associated w/ hamster contact and can cause fever, meningoencephalitis and aseptic meningitis? |
lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus |
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Which bug is associated w/ water contaminated w/ animal urine and can cause fever, conjunctival suffusion, and can later lead to jaundice and renal damage? |
Leptospira interrogans |
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Which bug causes "cat scratch fever" and causes inapparent pustules and granulomatous lymphadenitis |
Bartonella henselae |
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Which bug is Gm-, diplococci, oxidase positive, and ferments glucose? |
Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
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Which bug causes syphilis? |
Treponema pallidum |
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Which bug, that causes an STD, is not identifiable on Gram stain? |
Chlamydia trachomatis |
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Which bug is the most common cause of UTIs in women? |
Escherichia coli |
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Which bug is notable for its production of a bright red pigment and can cause urinary tract infections, wound infections, or pneumonia? |
Serratia |
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Which bug is encapsulated, is the 2nd most common cause of Gm- sepsis (after E. coli), and causes UTIs in pts w/ foley catheters? |
Klebsiella pneumoniae |
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Which bug is causes pneumonia in hospitalized pts and alcoholics that has bloody sputum (red currant jelly) and has a high mortality rate despite antibiotic therapy? |
Klebsiella pneumoniae |
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Which bug is a highly motile Gm- rod, is normal flora of the intestinal tract, and is occasionally responsible for hospital-acquired infections? |
Enterobacter |
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Which bugs of the Enterococcus species ferment lactose? |
E. coli and most enterobacteraciae |
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Which bugs of the Enterococcus species do not ferment lactose? |
Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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Which bug causes traveler's diarrhea, has pili, secretes heat labile and stabile toxins, and causes severe watery diarrhea? |
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) |
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Which bug has pili, secretes Shiga-like toxin, causes bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome w/ anemia? |
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) |
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Which bug invades epithelial cells, shares virulence factors w/ Shigella, and causes fever and bloody diarrhea w/ WBCs? |
Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) |
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Which Enterococcus has no flagella, does not ferment lactose, and does not produce H2S? |
Shigella |
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Which Enterococcus is motile and does not ferment lactose but produces H2S? |
Salmonella |
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Which bug as humans as the only host, affects predominantly preschool and nursing home ages, and is never considered normal flora but always a pathogen? |
Shigella |
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Which bug invades intestinal epithelial cells, secretes Shiga toxin, and causes fever and diarrhea w/ flecks of bright red blood and pus? |
Shigella |
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Which bug is never normal flora and always pathogenic, and can cause four disease states: 1) typhoid fever, 2) a carrier state, 3)sepsis, and 4)gastroenteritis (diarrhea)? |
Salmonella
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Which bug invades the intestinal epithelial cells, invades the regional lymph nodes, finally seeding multiple organ systems, is a facultative intracellular parasite, mimics appendicitis, and causes rose spots on the abdomen? |
Salmonella typhi |
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Which bug is a curved gram-negative rod with a single polar flagellum? |
Vibrio cholera |
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Which bug is the most common cause of duodenal ulcers and chronic gastritis? |
Helicobacter pylori |
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Which bug causes pneumonia in immunocompromised patients and patients w/ cystic fibrosis? |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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Which bug often infects foot ulcers of diabetic pts, often sets up infections in burn-wounds, carries an extremely high mortality rate when it causes sepsis, and is a frequent cause of right heart valve endocarditis in IV drug abusers? |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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Which bug is a gram-negative bacteria that does not contain lipid A in its outer cell membrane? |
Bacteroides fragilis |
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Which bug causes meningitis, acute epiglottitis, septic arthritis, and sepsis, most often in children? |
Haemophilus influenzae |
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Which bug causes chancroids--painful genital ulcers? |
Haemophilus ducreyi |
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Which bug causes Whooping Cough and is grown on Bordet-Gengou medium? |
Bordetella pertussis |
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Which bug is ubiquitous in natural and manmade water environments and causes infections when contaminated water is aerosolized? |
Legionella pneumophila |
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Which bug causes Pontiac fever, Legionnaire's disease, and is one of the most common causes of community acquired pneumonia but is infrequently diagnosed? |
Legionella pneumophila |
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Which bug can causes ulceroglandular and pneumonic diseases, as well as oculoglandular and typhoidal? |
Francisella tularensis |
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Which bug is associated w/ meatpackers, veterinarians, and unpasteurized dairy products and causes a disease that is sometimes called undulant fever? |
Brucella |
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Which two bugs are obligate intracellular parasites? |
Chlamydia and Rickettsia |
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Which bug causes conjunctivitis, cervicitis, and pneumonia through its affinity for columnar epithelial cells? |
Chlamydia |
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Which bug causes Enteric fever (develops gradually, mild or slowly-developing diarrhea, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly)? |
Salmonella typhi and Yersinia enterolitica |
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Which bug causes gall bladder disease? |
Salmonella typhi |
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Which bug is a foodborne pathogen that mimics appendicitis? |
Yersinia enterolitica |
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Which bug has reactive arthritis as a sequellae? |
Campylobacter jejuni |
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Which bug causes Enteric fever and is associated w/ bacteremia? |
Yersinia enterolitica |
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Which type of virus is Hepatitis C? |
Flavivirus |
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Which type of virus is Influenza? |
Orthomyxovirus |
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Which type of virus are RSV, Measles, and Mumps? |
Paramyxovirus |
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Which type of virus is Hepatitis B? |
Hepadnavirus |
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Which types of viruses require a virion polymerase, and therefore do not contain infectious nucleic acids? |
poxviruses, negative-stranded RNA viruses, dsRNA viruses, and retroviruses |
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Which virus has an envelope derived from the PM of the host cell, has a helical nucleocapsid, matrix proteins which help with assembly and budding of the virus, and glycoprotein spikes? |
Paramyxovirus |
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Which bug is common in unvaccinated children (90%), is very contagious (spread through coughing, sneezing, talking), takes 14-18 days for symptoms (swollen cheeks or jaw, fever, headaches) to present? |
Mumps (Paramyxovirus) |
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Which bug has a sudden onset, manifests as parotitis (painful swelling of salivary glands) that is almost always bilateral and accompanied by fever, and involves the CNS (especially the meninges) in ~50% of patients? |
Mumps (Paramyxovirus)
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Which disease has complications that include brain damage, orchititis (painful testicle swelling), meningitis, pancreatitis, and permanent deafness in one ear? |
Mumps (Paramyxovirus) |
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Which bug causes high fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza (runny nose), photophobia, Koplik's spots (lesions on mucous membranes in mouth), and a maculopapular rash? |
Measles (Paramyxovirus) |
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Which bug causes a decrease in eosinophils and lymphocytes and a depression of response to mitogens during the incubation period? |
Measles (Paramyxovirus)
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Which bug can cause complications such as postinfectious encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, superinfections of the middle ear, and pneumonia (accounts for 60% of deaths caused by this bug)? |
Measles (Paramyxovirus) |
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Which bug occurs primarily in babies and young children, is very contagious, is localized to the respiratory tract, causes rhinorrhea in older children and adults and bronchilitis in infants (low-grade fever, tachypnea, tachycardia, expiratory wheezes)? |
RSV (Paramyxovirus) |
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Which bug causes severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children, and is associated w/ laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), a severe condition of inflamed and swollen larynx, trachea, and bronchi w/ a "seal-like" bark cough? |
Parainfluenza types 1, 2, & 3 (Paramyxovirus) |
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Which bug causes mild upper respiratory tract infections and children and adults? |
Parainfluenza type 4 (Paramyxovirus) |
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Which bug is the most significant cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children and animals? |
Rotavirus |
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Which bug survives on objects, resists drying, pH (3.5-10), repeated freezing and thawing, and results in the shortening and blunting of microvilli and mononuclear cell infiltration into the lamina propria? |
Rotavirus |
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Which bug causes 50% of all gastrointestinal outbreaks and is associated w/ eating contaminated oysters, salad, food sources? |
Norovirus |
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Which bug causes abrupt onset of vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps, takes as few as 10 virions to cause infection, and is localized in the jejunum, causing damage to the intestinal brush border? |
Norovirus |
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Which bug is the second most common cause (after Rotavirus) of viral diarrhea in young children in Thailand and Guatemala? |
Astrovirus |
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Which bug causes upper respiratory and gastrointestinal disease, is the 2nd most prevalent cause of the "common cold", and infects mainly infants and children? |
Coronavirus |
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Which bug can effect the GI system, the respiratory system, the GU system, the heart, joints, the endocrine system, can have neuro and auditory effects, and can cause conjunctivitis? |
Adenovirus |
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Which bug is associated w/ obesity? |
Adv36 |
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What type of virus is poliovirus? |
Picornavirus |
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What type of viruses are enteroviruses? |
Picornavirus |
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What type of viruses are coxsackieviruses? |
Picornavirus |
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Which bug causes diseases involving vesicular lesions (herpangina)? |
Coxsackie A |
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Which bug causes myocarditis and pleurodynia? |
Coxsackie B |
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Which bug causes hand-foot-and-mouth disease (lesions found on hands, feet, mouth, tongue, mild fever, illness subsides in a few days)? |
Coxsackie A |
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Which bug causes Bornholm disease (acute, sudden onset of fever, unilateral low thoracic pleuritic chest pain, abdominal pain, vomiting, tender muscles on involved side)? |
Coxsackie B |
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Which bug is suspected of causing insulin-dependent diabetes due to destruction of islets of Langerhans when it infects the pancreas? |
Coxsackie B |
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Which bug is the main cause of the common cold? |
Rhinovirus (picornavirus) |
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What type of virus is Hepatitis A? |
Picornavirus |
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Which bug causes dark urine, pale or clay colored stools, icterus, pruritus, hepatomegaly, and hepatodynia? |
Hepatitis A |
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Which bug prevents apoptosis in the cell it's infecting, resulting in liver disease w/ persistent infection? |
Hepatitis C |
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What type of virus in Dengue? |
Flavivirus |
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Which bug has IRES in its untranslated region, which binds ribosomes and out-competes the cells own mRNA? |
Picornavirus |
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Which bugs in the Picornavirus family have a target tissue of the liver? |
Hepatitis A |
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Which bugs in the Picornavirus family have a target tissue of the meninges? |
echo, polio, coxsackie |
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Which bugs in the Picornavirus family have a target tissue of the brain? |
polio, coxsackie |
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Which bugs in the Picornavirus family have a target tissue of the muscle |
echo, coxsackie A and B |
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Which bugs in the Picornavirus family have a target tissue of the skin |
echo, coxsackie A |
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Which type of virus is West Nile Virus? |
Flavivirus |
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Which bug has developed some resistance to Vancomycin and is the 2nd leading cause of nosocomial infections? |
E. Faecalis/E. faecium |
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With which bugs can you see a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (after giving ABs the dead bugs cause release of cytokines, giving the appearance of worsening symptoms)? |
Syphillis, Brucellosis, enteric fever |
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Which bug is associated w/ Reye syndrome and aspirin therapy? |
Influenza A and B |
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Which bug is nonenveloped, linear, ssDNA, and icosohedral w/ 3 structural proteins? |
Parvovirus |
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Which bug causes immune related symptoms and cancause aplastic crisis in hosts w/ chronic hemolytic anemia? |
Parvovirus |
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Which bug causes Fifth's disease (erythema infectiosum---prodromal period followed by "slapped cheek" rash)? |
Parvovirus |
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Which bug can cause Hydrops fetalis if the pregnant mother becomes infected? |
Parvovirus |
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Which bug is small, nonenveloped, icosohedral, w/ ds circular DNA? |
Papillomavirus and Polyomavirus |
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Which bug causes warts? |
Papillomavirus |
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Which bugs are associated w/ cervical cancer? |
HPV 16 & 18 |
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Which bugs are associated w/ genital warts? |
HPV 6 & 11 |
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What type of virus is JC virus (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)? |
Polyomavirus |
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Which bug has a relaxed circular, partially duplex DNA genome, is enveloped, and icosahedral? |
Hepatitis B (Hepadnavirus) |
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Which bug predisposes patients to hepatocellular carcinoma? |
Hepatitis B (Hepadnavirus) |
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Which bug is large enveloped,linear, dsDNA, and icosahedral w/ an amorphous tegument? |
Herpesvirus |
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What type of virus are Herpes simplex 1, Herpes simplex 2, and Varicella-Zoster? |
alphaherpesviridae |
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What type of virus are Epstein-Barr and Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated virus? |
gammaherpesviridae |
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What type of virus is Cytomegalovirus? |
betaherpesviridae |
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Which bug is associated w/ African Burkitt lymphoma? |
Epstein-Barr Virus |
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Which bug is associated w/ megacytaloblastic anemia? |
Diphyllobothrium latum |
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Which bug is an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised pts (neutropenia); however, is not commonly seen in AIDS patients? |
Aspergillus |
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Which bug is associated w/ uncontrolled diabetes, esp. w/ acidosis? |
Zygomycosis |
