Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Spoken from India to Europe at the dawn of recorded history, the ancestor of English is called _______.
|
Proto-Indo-European
|
|
|
Speakers of Latin were vigorous people notable for their _______.
|
migrations over most of Europe and parts of Asia
|
|
|
Post-Roman invaders of Britain whose language was a distant relative of English were the _______.
|
Angles and Saxons
|
|
|
The Roman occupation of Britain influenced the names the Anglo-Saxons gave their _______.
|
cities.
|
|
|
The conversion of the Angles and Saxons to Christianity played an important role int he development of the English language because _______.
|
Latin was the language of the Christian church
|
|
|
Evidence of close combat between the Vikings and the English can be seen in the _______.
|
number of everyday Norse words used in English
|
|
|
Old English grammar differs from Modern English in that the ancient language depends mainly on _______.
|
word form
|
|
|
Although Old English was chiefly an oral language, Anglo-Saxon scribes kept written records in a script learned from _______.
|
Celtic missionaries
|
|
|
Around the year 1000, Old English pronunciation changed when _______.
|
distinct vowel sounds at the ends of words were dropped
|
|
|
We know abut the trend toward merging unstressed vowel sounds through _______.
|
spelling errors in manuscripts.
|
|
|
Gender-marked language was changed in Middle English by _______.
|
dropping gender word endings.
|
|
|
As Middle English evolved from Old English it
|
used fewer endings to show plurals.
|
|
|
To a greater extent than Old English, Middle English indicated meaning through
|
word order
|
|
|
The political event that had long-lasting consequences for the development of the English language was the
|
Norman Conquest
|
|
|
Under Norman rule, Mid English became the language of the
|
common people
|
|
|
England was a bilingual country where people spoke and wrote both English and Norman French--each by different classes and for specific ares of life--for about
|
300 years
|
|
|
What event helped English become the primary language of England?
|
The 100 Years War intensified patriotic feelings for the language.
|
|
|
Old Eng, the Anglo-Saxon language, has given us
|
our basic vocabulary.
|
|
|
The Modern English period began with the reign of the
|
Tudors
|
|
|
The person who printed the first books in English was
|
William Caxton
|
|
|
Early Modern English varies least from earlier forms in its
|
grammar
|
|
|
The greatest change between Mid and Early Modern English was the
|
pronunciation of long vowels
|
|
|
Many major changes in language are
|
inexplicable
|
|
|
The beginning of the extension of English to the far corners of the globe occurred during the reign of
|
Elizabeth I
|
|
|
The increased exporation and commerce during the Early Modern English period resulted in
|
A continuous shifting of vowels
|
|
|
Among the varieties of language, standard language is
|
Used widely throughout a country
|
|
|
The Early Modern English standard language was least influenced by
|
farmers
|
|
|
The widely used form of Early Modern English is sometimes called Chancey Standard due to
|
the influence of a particular court (Chancey)
|
|
|
We need annotations to read Shakespeare's works because
|
word meanings have changed
|
|
|
Shakespeare's use of contractions differs from ours because he
|
contracted some pronouns as well as other words
|
|
|
We know that some pronunciations in Shakespeare's day differ from ours by examining
|
the iambic rhythm of his lines
|
|
|
The grammar of Shakespeare's time was
|
mostly the same as ours, with numerous minor differences
|
|
|
In Shakespeare's time, verbs witha special ending -st were used when the subject was
|
thou
|
|
|
Compared to Modern English, Shakespeare's English offered a wider choice of
|
past participles
|
|
|
One way in which Shakespeare's vocab was more complex than today's was int he number of words available to indicate
|
place
|
|
|
"Inkhorn terms" are words borrowed from
|
classical languages
|
|
|
The trickiest words that Shakespeare uses
|
look familiar but have different meanings today
|
|
|
55 BCE: ______________
Chaucer + Canterbury Tales Angles + Saxons Arrive Normans invade Romans leave KJB St Augustine introduces Christianity Viking raids Romans arrive under ________ Shakespeare Printing press |
Romans arrive under Julius Caesar
|
|
|
Island called: _______
Chaucer + Canterbury Tales Angles + Saxons Arrive Normans invade Romans leave KJB St Augustine introduces Christianity Viking raids Shakespeare Printing press |
Britain
|
|
|
407 CE: _______________
Chaucer + Canterbury Tales Angles + Saxons Arrive Normans invade Romans leave KJB St Augustine introduces Christianity Viking raids Shakespeare Printing press |
Romans leave
|
|
|
449 CE: _____________
Chaucer + Canterbury Tales Angles + Saxons Arrive Normans invade KJB St Augustine introduces Christianity Viking raids Shakespeare Printing press |
Angles & Saxons Arrive
|
|
|
597: _________________
Chaucer + Canterbury Tales Normans invade KJB St Augustine introduces Christianity Viking raids Shakespeare Printing press |
St Augustine introduces Christianity
|
|
|
700s: _________
Chaucer + Canterbury Tales Normans invade KJB Viking raids Shakespeare Printing press |
Viking raids
|
|
|
1066: _______________
Chaucer + Canterbury Tales Normans invade KJB Shakespeare Printing press |
Normans invade and conquer
|
|
|
1300s: _____________
Chaucer + Canterbury Tales KJB Shakespeare Printing press |
Chaucer & CANTERBURY TALES
|
|
|
1476: _____________
KJB Shakespeare Printing press |
Printing press
|
|
|
1564: ____________
KJB Shakespeare |
William Shakespeare
|
|
|
1611: _________
|
KJB
|
|
|
English began as a _______ language.
|
Germanic
|
|
|
English was heavily influenced by ______ since 597 and ______ since 1066.
|
Latin, French
|
|
|
Which two events were most influential in standardizing English dialect and grammar?
|
The printing press and KJB
|
