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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ā
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as in "father" [ä]
dā, cārā |
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a
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as in "Dinah" [ə]
dat, casa |
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ē
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as in "they" [ā]
mē, sēdēs |
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ī
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as in "machine" [ē]
hīc, sīca |
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i
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as in "pin" [i]
hic, sicca |
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ō
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as in "clover" [ō]
ōs, mōrēs |
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o
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as in "orb," "off" [ô]
os, mora |
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ū
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as in "rude" [oō]
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u
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as in "put" [oŏ]
tum, sum |
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y
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as in French "tu"
or German "über" [Y or oō] |
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ae æ
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as ai in "aisle" [ī]
cārae, saepe |
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au
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as ou in "house" [ou]
aut, laudō |
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ei
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as in "reign" [ā]
deinde |
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oe
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as oi in "oil" [o]
coepit, proelium |
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ui
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as in "gooey" [oō] or "oui" pronounced quickly as single syllable. Only occurs in huius, cuius, huic, cui, hui. Elsewhere two letters spoken separately as in fu-it, fructu-ī
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bs & bt
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pronounced "ps" & "pt"
urbs, obtineō otherwise b is the same as in English, bibēbant |
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c
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always hard as in "can" [k]
never soft as in "city" [s] cum, cīvis, facilis |
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g
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always hard as in "get" [g]
never soft as in "gem" [j] glōia, gerō |
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gn
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as nasalized "ng" sound as in "hangnail" [NG]
magnus |
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h
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as in English, only less harshly pronounced
hic, haec |
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i before vowel at beginning of a word (iūstus)
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y as in "yes" [y]
(so iūstus = "yustus") |
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i between two vowels within a word
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1> forms diphtong with the preceding vowel
2> & as the consonant y [y] (so reiectus = "rei yectus," maior = "mai-yor," & cuius = "cui-yus") |
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r
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trilled, Romans called it the "littera canīnia," because its sound suggested the snarling of a dog!
Rōma, cūrāre. |
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t
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always as in "tired" [t]
never as in 'nation" [SH] or "mention" [CH] taciturnitās, nātiōnem, mentiōnem |
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v
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w
(so vīvō = "wīwō," vīnum = "wīnum") |
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x
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ks as in "axle" [ks]
not of gz as in "exert" [gz] mixtum, exerceō |
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ph
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represented the Greek phi Φ
ph as in "uphill" [ph] not as in our pronunciation of "philosophy" [f] philosophia |
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th
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represented the Greek theta Θ
had sound of th in "hot house" not of th in "thin" [Θ] or "the" [ð] theārum |
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double consonants
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usually pronounced as two separate consonants
(so tt in admittent sounds like two t's in "admit ten") |
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accent on a two syllable word
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falls on the first syllable
sér-vo, saé-pe, ní-hil |
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accent on a word of three or more syllables
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1> falls on the penult if that syllable is long: ser-vā´-re, cōn-sē´r-vat
2> otherwise falls on the syllable before that (the antepenult): mó-ne-ō, pá-tri-a, pe-cū´-ni-a |
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a syllable is long by nature if
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it contains a long vowel or a diphthong
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a syllable is long by position if
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it contains a vowel followed by two or more consonants (or x, which = ks)
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