What Is Sex And What Is Gender

Front 1

How does Rubin distinguish between sex & gender?

Back 1

sex: the raw material of the bodies of male and female human beings

gender: the roles and functions human beings have in the societies and cultures of which they are apart

Front 2

How did Rubin's distinction between sex & gender help second-wave feminists push back against the view that women's subordination is natural?

Back 2

opens up possibility for change, gender roles are not biologically based, they are socially constructed

Front 3

Why do so many think that Simone de Beauvoir distinguished between sex and gender when she wrote, "One is not born, but rather becomes a woman?"

Back 3

She thinks female bodies are painful and subject to disease. biological conditions are significant only in connection with specific economic, cultural, and social developments

Front 4

How did Money&Ehrhardt distinguish between sex and gender?

Back 4

sex: the reproductive capacity of the sex organs

gender: gender role(everything a person says or does to indicate to others or self they are male female or ambivalent) + gender identity(the sameness, unity&persistance of one's individuality as male female or ambivalent)

Front 5

Why did Money&Ehrhardt think that Bruce Reimer's life supported the claim that sex and gender are completely distinct?

Back 5

thought of himself as girl, liked typical feminine activities, liked girl toys

Front 6

Why do others think that Bruce Reimer's life does not support the claim that sex and gender are completely distinct?

Back 6

hated dolls, refused further operations and hormones, chose masculine name, married a woman, was assertive and rowdy, urinated standing up

Front 7

What are some of the ways that Bruce Reimer was mistreated and exploited?

Back 7

forced to wear dresses in cold, home was stressful, sexual and disturbing experiments on him

Front 8

What is the one sex model?

Back 8

there is one sex, the default is male. females are inverted poorly formed males

Front 9

What is one challenge to the one sex model and how did advocates respond to the challenge?

Back 9

challenge: some humans menstruate and others don't

response: theres one basic human fluid and some people menstruate when they have excess nutrients

Front 10

What is the two sex model?

Back 10

there are 2 basic types of humans--male and female.

Front 11

What is one challenge to the two sex model and how did advocates respond to the challenge?

Back 11

challenge: existence of intersex people

response: intersex people viewed as disabled, clearly belonging to one or the other

Front 12

Define the term intersex.

Back 12

people born with genitalia that are either both male and female or neither clearly male or female

Front 13

Why were interest children often subjected to surgeries? What were the two main considerations for surgery? Objections to surgeries?

Back 13

subjected to fit in with society. surgeries ignore pleasure and harm, lack of the child's informed consent

Front 14

What is Garfinkel&Stoller's view of gender as a performance?

Back 14

'gender passing'- effortfully doing things and learning to do things to make others see Agnes as a women

Front 15

What is Borsteins view of gender?

Back 15

sees gender as a system of tyrannical rules. coercive- everyone is forced to have one

Front 16

What is Butler's view of gender performance?

Back 16

There is no I who performs gender-- theres no actor, there is the performance

Front 17

What is a performative speech act?

Back 17

to make something happen(ex. marriage,promises, bets)

Front 18

How does Butler think our gender performances are similar to performative speech acts?

Back 18

we perform our gender through repeated stylized acts, acts governed by rules and conventions, gender is real only to the extent that it is performed