Whap Chapter 2 Section 1 Early China 2000-221Bce

Front 1

The Xia

Back 1

Ancient Dynasty said to have ruled the Yellow River Valley (40)

Front 2

The Shang

Back 2

Dynasty marked the beginning of China history, earliest written records, warrior aristocracy (41)

Front 3

Anyang

Back 3

(modern Chinese city) location of Shang capital (41)

Front 4

Feng shui

Back 4

Chinese concern with orientation of buildings which was an order imposed by the gods.(41)

Front 5

Divination

Back 5

techniques used by Shang to determine the will of the gods before taking any action (41)

Front 6

Oracle Bones

Back 6

Bones or tortoise shells were touched with heated stick and crack. They were then read as a message from the spirit world. Major source of info about Shang life.

Front 7

The Zhou

Back 7

Longest lasting and most revered of all the Chinese dynasties.

Front 8

The Mandate of Heaven

Back 8

Belief of the Zhou that the ruler was chosen by Heaven and would lose power if unjust. (43)

Front 9

The Western Zhou

Back 9

Early period of Zhou rule when capitals were in the western part of the region(44)

Front 10

The Eastern Zhou

Back 10

Later period of Zhou rule when capitals were relocated to the more secure eastern region

Front 11

Legalism

Back 11

belief that human nature is wicked and strict laws and punishments were needed to maintain order(45)

Front 12

Kongzi/Confucius

Back 12

Chinese philosopher. His doctrine of duty and public service had a great influence on Chinese thought and served as a code of conduct for government officials. (45)

Front 13

Daoism

Back 13

Believed world was always changing, devoid of absolute morality and meaning, followers were taught to accept world as it is and avoid futile struggles. Taught to follow “Dao” the path of nature (45)

Front 14

Laozi

Back 14

originator of Daoism in 6th century BCE. Urged people to stop warfare and follow the Dao (45)

Front 15

Loess

Back 15

Fine light silt deposited by wind, gives yellow river its hue and leaves fertile soil.