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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MIDDLE AGES
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PERIOD OF VIOLENCE & INSTABILITY BETWEEN THE FALL OF ROME & THE BEGINNING OF THE MODERN AGE
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MEDIEVAL
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ADJECTIVE REFERRING TO MIDDLE AGES
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CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE
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9TH CENTURY EUROPEAN EMPIRE OF STRONG KINGS THAT WAS SWEPT AWAY BY 2ND WAVE OF BARBARIAN INVASIONS OF EUROPE
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MUSLIMS
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INVADERS OF EUROPE DURING 8TH CENTURY
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MAGYARS
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INVADERS OF EUROPE DURING 8TH CENTURY
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NORTHMEN
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INVADERS OF EUROPE DURING 8TH CENTURY, ANOTHER NAME FOR VIKINGS, NORSEMEN
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NORSEMEN
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INVADERS OF EUROPE DURING 8TH CENTURY, ANOTHER NAME FOR VIKINGS, NORTHMEN
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VIKINGS
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INVADERS OF EUROPE DURING 8TH CENTURY, ANOTHER NAME FOR NORTHMEN, NORSEMEN
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BATTLE OF LECHFELD
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955 BATTLE THAT DEFEATED MAGYARS
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FEUDALISM
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MEDIEVAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT INVOLVING MUTUAL LEGAL & MILITARY OBLIGATIONS AMONG NOBLES
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VASSALS
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NOBLES WHO MAKE FEUDAL CONTRACT WITH NOBLE, PROMISE LOYALTY IN RETURN FOR LAND & PROTECTION
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LORDS
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NOBLE WHO MAKES FEUDAL CONTRACT WITH VASSAL, GIVES LAND & PROTECTION IN RETURN FOR SERVICE & LOYALTY
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KNIGHT
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NOBLE CLASS OF WARRIOR REPRESENTING NEW WAY OF FIGHTING ON HORSEBACK
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FIEF
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LAND GIVEN BY LORD TO VASSAL IN RETURN FOR SERVICE, LOYALTY
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FEUDAL CONTRACT
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LEGAL STATEMENT OF OBLIGATIONS BETWEEN LORD AND VASSAL
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SUBINFEUDATION
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MEDIEVAL HIERARCHICAL PHENOMENON BY WHICH MOST LORDS WERE SOMEONE ELSE'S VASSALS, MOST VASSALS ALSO LORDS
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LOCALISM
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MEDIEVAL CHARACTERISTIC IN WHICH VIRTUALLY EVERY NEED WAS FILLED LOCALLY RATHER THAN BY SOME DISTANT & LARGER EMPIRE
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ROMANCE LANGUAGES
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LANGUAGES DERIVED FROM LATIN
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LATIN
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OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF ROME & THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH
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THE FIVE ROMANCE LANGUAGES
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FRENCH, SPANISH, PORTUGUESE, ITALIAN, ROMANIAN
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SOCIAL CLASS
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HIERARCHICAL DISTINCTION BETWEEN GROUPS IN A SOCIETY
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MANOR LORD
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NOBLE WHO HAD SERFS IN HIS SERVICE
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SERF
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PEASANT LEGALLY BOUND TO HER / HIS LORD'S MANOR
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PEASANT
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LOWEST SOCIAL CLASS IN MEDIEVAL EUROPE, CHARACTERIZED BY WORK ON THE LAND
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POPE
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LEADER OF CATHOLIC CHURCH
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PAPACY
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NOUN REFERRING TO INSTITUTION OF THE POPE
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GUILD
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MEDIEVAL HIERARCHY OF MEMBERS OF CRAFTS
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SELF-SUFFICIENCY
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DEFINING CHARACTERISTIC OF MEDIEVAL MANORS: EVERYTHING NEEDED WAS PRODUCED ON THE MANORS
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MONEY ECONOMY
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ECONOMY BASED ON EXCHANGE OF SOME FORM OF CURRENCY (COINS, ETC) THAT WAS EXCHANGED FOR GOODS, SERVICES
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LAND ECONOMY
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ECONOMY BASED ON LAND, USED IN EXCHANGE FOR LOYALTY (FIEF), GOODS & SERVICES
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SANCTUARY
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PROTECTION, SPECIFICALLY BY THE CHURCH
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SACRAMENT
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IN CATH. CHURCH, SACRED RITUAL NEEDED FOR SALVATION
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EXCOMMUNICATION
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CHURCH PUNISHMENT THAT DENIES COMMUNION & THEREFORE DAMNS THE EXCOMMUNICANT
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INTERDICT
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POLITICAL POWER OF POPE IN WHICH ENTIRE GEOGRAPHICAL AREA IS EXCOMMUNICATED, USUALLY TO PRESSURE THE RULER
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PAPAL STATES
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TERRITORY IN ITALY RULED DIRECTLY BY THE POPE DURING THE MIDDLE GAES
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TITHE
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CHURCH TAX
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INVESTITURE
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PRACTICE OF SECULAR LEADERS APPOINTING CHURCH OFFICIALS
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INVESTITURE CONTROVERSY
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11TH CENTURY CONFLICT BETWEEN HRE HENRY IV & POPE GREGORY VII OVER WHO SHOULD APPOINT BISHOPS
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GREGORY VII
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11TH CENTURY POPE WHO CLASHED WITH HRE HENRY IV DURING INVESTITURE CONTROVERSY
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HENRY IV
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11TH CENTURY HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR WHO CLASHED WITH POPE GEGORY VII DURING INVESTITURE CONTROVERSY
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CRUSADES
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11TH-13TH CENTURY MILITARY CONFLICTS BETWEEN EUROPEAN CHRISTIANS AND MUSLIMS OVER OCCUPATION OF JERUSALEM
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URBAN II
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POPE WHO BEGAN THE CRUSADES
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COUNCIL OF CLERMONT
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1095 CHURCH COUNCIL WHICH BEGAN THE CRUSADES
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HOLY LAND
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SITE OF BIRTH & DEATH OF JESUS, JERUSALEM
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SELJUK TURKS
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MUSLIMS WHOSE CONQUEST OF THE HOLY LAND PROVOKED CRUSADES
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RELIGIOUS ORDERS OF L;ATE MIDDLE AGES
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CISTERIANS, FRANCISCANS, DOMINICANS
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HERESY
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BELIEF THAT GOES AGAINST OFFICIAL (ORTHODOX) CHURCH BELIEFS
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5TH-15TH CENTURIES
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DATE OF MIDDLE AGES
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4TH-5TH CENTURIES
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DATE OF 1ST WAVE OF BARBARIAN INVASIOS OF EUROPE
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8TH-9TH CENTURIES
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DATE OF 2ND WAVE OF BARBARIAN INVASIOS OF EUROPE
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1178
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DATE OF BEGINNING OF INVESTITURE CONTROVERSY
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11TH-13TH CENTURIES
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DATE OF CRUSADES
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1095
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DATE OF COUNCIL OF CLERMONT
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RENAISSANCE
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14TH-15TH CENTURY REBIRTH OF LEARNING
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SECULAR
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NON-RELIGIOUS
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HUMANISM
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RENAISSANCE FIXATION ON CLASSICS
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VERNACULAR
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LANGUAGE SPOKEN BY ORDINARY (AS OPPOSED TO OFFICIAL OR LITERARY) PEOPLE
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EXAMPLES OF RENAISSANCE VERNACULAR LANGUAGES
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ENGLISH, GERMAN, ALL THE ROMANCE LANGUAGES
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LEONARDO DAVINCI
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RENAISSANCE ARTIST, ENGINEER, SCIENTIST
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REASON
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USING THE MIND (NOT FAITH), LOGIC, OBSERVATION, EXPERIMENTATION
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PROTESTANT REFORMATION
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16TH CENTURY PROTEST MOVEMENT THAT SPLIT CATH CHURCH & CREATED PROTESTANTISM
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MARTIN LUTHER
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FOUNDER OF PROTESTANTISM
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CHRISTIAN HUMANISM
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15TH-16TH CENTURY MOVEMENT THAT PREVIEWED IDEAS LATER DEVELOPED BY LUTHER: INNER PIETY & CHURCH CORRUPTION
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NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
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RENAISSANCE MOVEMENT OF HOLLAND & ENGLAND THAT INTERPETED HUMANISM IN CHRISTIAN TERMS, SOMETIMES USED INTERCHANGEABLY WITH CHRISTIAN RENAISSANCE
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INNER PIETY
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SINCERE AND HIGHLY PERSONAL SIDE OF RELIGION
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ERASMUS
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MAJOR CHRISTIAN HUMANIST WHO SAID EDUCATION AND SINCERE DEVOTION WERE MORE IMPORTANT THAN RITUAL
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IN PRAISE OF FOLLY
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ERASMUS' S BOOK CRITICIZING CHURCH EMPHASIS ON RITUAL, CORRUPT PRIESTS
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JULIUS II
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MOST WORLDLY OF THE RENAISSANCE POPES WHO FOUGHT BATTLES & SPENT A TON OF MONEY ON ART
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PLURALISM
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PRE-REFORMATION CHURCH PRACTICE IN WHICH PRIESTS HAD MORE THAN ONE CHURCH
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ABSENTEEISM
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PRE-REFORMATION CHURCH PRACTICE IN WHICH MANY CHURCHES WERE WITHOUT THRE SERVICES OF THEIR PRIEST
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SIMONY
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PRE-REFORMATION CHURCH PRACTICE IN WHICH PEOPLE BOUGHT CHURCH OFFICES
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THOMAS A KEMPIS
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PRE-REFORMATION CATHOLIC WHO ARGUED THAT PIETY AND WAY OF LIFE MATTERED MOST
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IMITATION OF CHRIST
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BOOK WRITTEN BY THOMAS A KEMPIS
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SALVATION
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BEING SAVED, GOING TO HEAVEN
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JOHAN TETZEL
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MOST FAMOUS SELLER OF INDULGENCES IN LUTHER'S TIME
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INDULGENCES
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PRE-REFORMATION CHURCH PRACTICE IN WHICH PEOPLE BUY 'FORGIVENESS' AND HAVE THEIR YEARS IN PURGATORY REDUCED
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GOOD WORKS
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CHURCH TERM FOR SACRAMENTS
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NINETY FIVE THESES
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LUTHER'S 1517 PROTEST AGAINST INDULGENCES
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SPIRITUAL DICTATORSHIP
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LUTHER'S IDEAS THAT PRIESTS HAD TOTAL POWER--THRU SACRAMENTS--ON EACH INDIVIDUAL'S SALVATION
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LEO X
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POPE WHO EXCOMMUNICATED LUTHER
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DIET OF WORMS
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1520 IMPERIAL COUNCIL HELD BY CHARLES V TO TRY LUTHER
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EDICT OF WORMS
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1520 CONDEMNATION OF LUTHER BY EMPEROR CHARLES V ; DECLARED HIM IMPERIAL OUTLAW
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IMPERIAL OUTLAW
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WHAT LUTHER WAS AFTER WORMS: ANYONE COULD KILL HIM WITH IMPUNITY
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FREDERICK ELECTOR OF SAXONY
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NOBLE RULER WHO SAVED LUTHER AFTER EDICT OF WORMS
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CHARLES V
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HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR WHO OPPOSED LUTHER
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HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
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MEDIEVAL EMPIRE IN WHAT IS NOW GERMANY, WHERE MOST OF THE REFORMATION HAPPENED
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DATE OF PROTESTANT REFORMATION
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16TH CENTURY
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DATE OF 95 THESES
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1517
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DATE OF DIET OF WORMS
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1520
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14TH-15TH CENTURIES
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CENTURIES OF RENAISSANCE
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