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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What's the land bridge called that people in Asia may have used to cross into the Americas?
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Beringia
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What's the region called that stretches from the Valley of Mexico to Costa Rica in Central America?
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Mesoamerica
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Did corn become the most important food in the Americas?
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YES
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What was Mesoamerica's first civilization?
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The Olmec
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Where did the May build their civilization?
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In the rainforests of the Yucatan Peninsula.
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What was Teotihuacan and what are three possible reasons that it was destroyed?
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Teotichuacan was the first planned city in the Americas. It may have been destroyed by over-population, drought, rebelloin.
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How did the Toltec keep other people from making weapons?
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They were the only ones who could trade obsidian and they kept it for themselves.
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What people copied the ways of the Toltec and built a huge empire?
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The Moche
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Why were the Moche able to farm in the coastal desert of what is not Peru?
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They built canals.
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Where was the Incan empire?
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South America, in the Andes
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What is an Olmec shaman?
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A holy man or woman.
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What's a nahuales and what did Olmec shamans use nahuales for?
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A nahuales is the animal spirit that shaman used to get their power from. The used their powers to travel between Earth and the sacred spaces.
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What's a ritual transformation?
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When an Olmec shamen used masks, feathers, ornaments, dances and prayers to transform themselves into their nahual.
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Which empire was conquered first, the Inca or the Aztec?
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Inca
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How long were the Aztec in central Mexico before they built Tenochtitlan?
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75 years.
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When did the Inca found the City of Cuzco?
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1100
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What did Pachacuti do in 1483?
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Began building the Inca Empire
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What happened in around 1527 that weakened the Incan Empire?
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civil war began
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What happened in 1533 to the Inca?
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Pizarro conquered the Inca.
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When did the Aztec arrive in central Mexico?
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1250
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In 1325 what civilization built the city of Tenochtitlan?
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The Aztecs.
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In 1502 who became emperor of the Aztec people?
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Montezuma II
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When did Cortes invade Mexico?
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1519
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Cortes defeated the Aztec in what year?
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Two years after he invaded so 1521
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What did the Maya want when they went into battle?
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Captives for human sacrifice
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Mayan priests set up a strict class system. What were the classes?
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kings, nobles, commoners (skilled craftsmen, artists, farmers etc.) enslaved
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What did the Mayan priests develop after observing the sky?
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A calendar based on 365 days.
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What was the Mayan counting system based on?
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20
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Were women who gave birth in Aztec society honored as heros?
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YES
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In Inca society did men and women have jobs?
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YES
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Did the Inca make human sacrifices?
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Rarely
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How did the Inca and Aztec people pass on their knowledge?
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Both cultures relied on oral tradition.
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Were the Inca skilled engineers that build structures without mortar that could withstand earthquakes?
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YES
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What country financed the trips Columbus made?
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Spain, but Columbus was Italian.
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What Spanish noble was inspired by Columbus to take part in the invasion of Cuba?
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Cortes
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Why did the Aztec Montezuma II expect the Spanish invasion in 1519?
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He had a dream.
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What did the Mayan woman named Malintzin do?
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She helped Cortes.
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What did Cortes use to shock the Native Americans?
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horses and guns
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What diseases killed many Astecs?
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smallpox and measles
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What were Pizarro and Balboa looking for in South America?
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The Golden City
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What did the Incan emperor Atahualpa think about Pizarro?
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He thought Pizarro was crazy.
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What two mistakes did the Incan emperor Atahualpa make when he went to meet Pizarro?
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He left most of his army behind, taking only 5000 bodyguards and because of Pizarro's small force they took now weapons.
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What did Pizarro do when he attacked and seized the emperor?
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He charged the emperor with many crimes including worshiping false gods. A military court sentenced him to death.
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The sole right to trade in a particular item.
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monopoly
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A rope with knotted cords of different lengths and colors. It was used by the Inca to do math and keep records.
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quipu
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An area where the earth has collapsed.
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sinkhole, Sinkholes were a source of water for the Maya.
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Armor clad man on an armor clad horse.
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conquistador They were soldier-explorers sent to the Americas by Spain.
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A huge sheet of ice.
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glacier
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A crime punishable by death.
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treason Treason is disloyalty to the government.
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Name for Aztec books.
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codices
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A political agreement between people or states to work together.
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alliance
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What was unusual about the Itzcoatl's origins?
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He was born the son of a slave girl.
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How did Itzcoatl ally Tenochtitlan with Texcoco?
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His sister married a member of the Texcoco royal family.
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What did Itzcoatl's warriors do the people of Azcapotzalco?
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They killed almost every man, women and child.
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What are three main aspects of Aztec life that impressed the Spanish?
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temples, huge cities, calendar
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What happened on September 16, 1810?
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Mexico gained its independence from Spain.
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