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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List three reasons why England was the first country to industrialize. |
1: improved agriculture 2: increased population 3: ready money supply |
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List three inventions or important people during the Industrial Revolution and how they effected the Industrial Revolution. |
1. James Watt : Improved the steam engine ; improved cotton industry by allowing quicker shipments |
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Briefly describe what it would have been like to live in the Industrial Revolution. |
It would have been either very dangerous or very easy for me to live in the Industrial Revolution. If I was a worker in the Industrial Revolution, I would have no days off except for Sundays, I would be working a lot of hours for little to no money, and I would be mistreated in the factories, often getting sick or possibly dying from an accident. If I were wealthy, then life would be easy for me as plenty of money would be accumulated and I would have to do little to nothing. There would also be little to no farmers and there would be little to no open spaces. |
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Describe the growth of population, rural to urban migration, and growth of cities associated with the Industrial Revolution. |
- Growth of population - more food = more people - Rural to urban migration - jobs were in factories + not in the country, so people moved for the jobs - Growth of cities - as more people went to factories for work, cities developed + there was no famine, war, etc. to slow down the growing population |
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Please describe the difference between the Industrial Middle class and Industrial working class and how this might have led to the rise of socialism |
The difference between the Industrial Middle class and the Industrial working class was that the middle class often controlled the factories that the working class worked in or were doctors, merchants, gov’t officials, etc. and the working class worked in the factories from 12-16 hrs. a week, 6 days a week, and only a half hour for lunch and dinner. This might have lead to the rise of socialism because the Industrial Middle class would have gotten accustomed to this system and would have wanted to advocate it for their own personal ends. |
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What was the Congress of Vienna and what was its purpose? |
The Congress of Vienna was a group of conservative rulers who promised to work to restore the old order. |
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Describe the rise of Nationalism and how it influenced many countries in Europe. |
The rise of Nationalism began with Napoleon and the French Revolution. When Napoleon began conquering the surrounding countries, they saw the strength of the French when they had pride for their country and all disliked being ruled by Napoleon. Eventually, after Napoleon was exiled, many people still believed in Nationalism and called for unification. There was a successful gov’t overthrow and several failed revolts, but, eventually, Italy took advantage of a rivalry between Austria and Piedmont and became unified under the leadership of Giuseppe Garibaldi and his Red Shirts. Germany eventually became unified in a similar situation, becoming unified under Otto Von Bismarc after the conquest of France. Great Britain managed to avoid revolts by allowing white males to vote and continuing to make reforms. Continued economic growth made Britain even more stable and Queen Victoria inspired nationalism. In France, Louis - Napoleon assumed the title of Napoleon III and focused on making Paris beautiful and expanding the economy. After opposition to his reign, Louis - Napoleon liberalized his reign, but France was soon invaded by Prussia. In Russia, Czar Alexander II attempted to reform Russia which was a spectacular failure and he eventually ended up being assassinated by radicals. His son, Alexander III when crowned went against reform and returned to the old forms of repression. |
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What was the Concert of Europe and how does it relate to the Crimean War and led to Italian and German Unification? |
The Concert of Europe were the meetings of the Congress of Vienna. The Concert of Europe relates to the Crimean War because the Crimean War was a direct factor in the breakdown of the Concert of Europe. The Crimean War was a old struggle between the Ottoman Empire and Russia over the Balkan penninsula. There was an agreement in the Concert of Europe that they would not let one country become too powerful and the Crimean War offered a chance for Russia to become very powerful as the Balkan Penninsula offered Russia direct access to challenge the British Navy. Russia had little access to warm water and the Balkan Penninsula would allow allow Russia to become a major power. So Britain and France joined the Ottoman Empire after they declared war on Russia. Eventually, Russia had lost so many troops that they asked for peace. Additionally, Russia withdrew from foreign affairs humiliated and defeated and the bond between Austria and Russia was broken as Austria had refused to assist the Russians. Austria was now without friends. The broken bonds now offered a chance for unification as the bonds between the Concert of Europe had severely deteriorated and offered allies for the revolutionaries. |
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Describe the difference between Romanticism and Realism. |
The difference between Romanticism and Realism is that Romanticism wanted arts to express the feeling, emotion, and imagination of the writer / artist. Realism believed in reason, balance, and restraint in all things. |
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Please compare and contrast Conservatism, Liberalism, and Nationalism. |
Conservatism - a political philosophy w/ emphasis on tradition & social stability - obedience to political authority - unwilling to accept demands for representative gov'ts & more individual rights - established religions beneficial to social order - hated revolutions - royalty
Liberalism - a political philosophy that people should be as free from the gov’t as possible - all people had the right to basic civil liberties—equality before the law, and freedom of assembly, speech, and the press - religious toleration and to separation of church and state - basic laws for government embodied in a written constitution - representative assembly - held by middle class
Nationalism - pride in one’s country, language, religion, and customs - every one except royalty |
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Cottage Industry |
making goods at home |
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James Watt |
improved steam engine |
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Puddling |
a process that produced stronger iron |
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Robert Fulton |
built first paddle wheel steam boat |
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Militarism |
reliance on armed force |
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Otto Van Bismark |
Prussian prime minister that built the Second German Reich |
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Kaiser |
emperor |
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Abolitionism |
a movement to end slavery |
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Ludwig Van Beethoven |
one of the most famous composers of the romanticism movement |
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Louis Pasteur |
proposed germ theory of dx |
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Charles Darwin |
proposed organic evolution |
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Universal Male Suffrage |
all adult males can vote |
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Natural Selection |
survival of the fittest |
