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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does the Renaissance first occur?
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ITALY
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What kind of study first develops in Italy?
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HUMANISM
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What is Humanism?
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STUDY OF THE CLASSICS
REVIVAL OF THE GREEKS AND ROMANS |
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Who is the "Father of Humanism"?
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PETRARCH
used the phrase "Dark Ages" wanted to revive classic Latin |
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What is philology?
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HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS
HOW LANGUAGES HAVE CHANGED OVER THE YEARS |
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What did Lorenzo Valla do?
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TOOK THE "DONATION OF CONSTANTINE" AND PROVED IT FAKE
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What is vernacular?
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LANGUAGE THE PEOPLE SPOKE
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Who was a contemporary to Petrarch and wrote "Decameron" - a landmark written in Italian?
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BOCCACCIO
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Who was the Italian humanist responsible for the West's discovery of Plato's works?
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MERSILIO FICINO
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What did Cosimo de Medici do?
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"PLATONIC LIBRARY" WHERE HUMANISTS COULD STUDY PAST TEXTS
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What is the idea behind "the Cult of Man"?
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HUMANKIND IS THE MOST SPECIAL IN GOD'S CREATION
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Which humanist wrote a piece about the dignity of man and free will as to where people can achieve a mystical relationship with God?
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PICO DELLA MIRANDOLA
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What was the official church version of the Bible?
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THE VULGATE
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Who led the humanist project in translating the Vulgate to the Polyglot Bible?
Where did this occur? |
XIMENES DE CISNEROS
SPAIN |
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What did Erasmus say we should live by?
What does he anticipate? |
THE PHILOSOPHY OF CHRIST
LUTHER & THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION |
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Italy was not a monarch or united country. It was under _________ control.
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CITY-STATE
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The city-states experienced social unrest and turmoil. What was the cause of this?
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CLASS CONFLICT
THE ELITES (OR GRANDI) STRUGGLED TO RETAIN POWER, BUT WERE CHALLENGED BY THE LOWER CLASSES |
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The turmoils of Italian city-states produced _________ change and created ______.
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POLITICAL
REPUBLICS (did not last long and transformed to despotism) |
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What were the 5 City-state Powers on the Italian Peninsula?
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1. FLORENCE - capital
2. MILAN 3. VENICE 4. PAPAL STATES 5. NAPLES AND SICILY |
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Who ruled Florence behind the scenes?
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MEDICI FAMILY loaned Florence money
THIS WAS A REPUBLIC |
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Who was Milan's first despot?
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VISCONTI - an empire builder, expanded Milan territory greatly
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What type of govt was Venice?
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OLIGARCHY
MAJOR SEA TRADERS |
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Who were the Papal States ruled by?
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THE POPE
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Naples and Sicily were jointly ruled by the ______ and __________.
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MONARCHY
FOREIGN DYNASTIES |
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Who was the important political writer who wrote The Prince?
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MACHIAVELLI
THE WEST'S FIRST POLITICAL SCIENTIST |
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The Northern Monarchies were ruled by ___ but their power was NOT ABSOLUTE.
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KINGS AND QUEENS
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Which 4 characteristics limited the kings and queens of the Northern Monarchies?
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1. DYNASTIES/FAMILIES CONTROL THEIR POLICIES
2. INSTITUTIONAL DECENTRALIZATION but needed a bureaucracy 3. INHERENT WEAKNESSES: ARMY AND BUREAUCRACY 4. POPULAR SUPPORT |
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What does venal mean?
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TO BUY A MILITARY POSITION/COMMISSION
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What is a new form of feudalism when the wealthy nobles buy up positions and give them to the lower nobles, their men?
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PATRON-CLIENT SYSTEM
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Who transcended ethnic and national boundaries because of all the territories he owned?
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CHARLES V OF HABSBURG
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