Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
An early Portuguese explorer who claimed he sailed for God, Glory & Gold; discovered Cape of Good Hope, Africa
|
Bartolomeu Dias
|
Sailed around southernmost tip of Africa (Cape of Good Hope) 1488, died at sea 5/29/1500
|
|
|
never sailed but organized 14 voyages around African coast; hoped to spread Christianity & find new lands
|
Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460)
|
died in great debt; it took 60 yrs. for Portuguese Royalty to pay off his debts
|
|
|
In 1497, this Portuguese explorer sailed along the East African coast and reached Calicut, India
|
Vasco da Gama
|
found rare spices of pepper & cinnamon worth 60X the cost of trip; discovered direct sea route to India
|
|
|
To resolve tense rivalry between Portugal & Spain and avert war, Pope Alex VI (1493) suggested an imaginary line be drawn North to South through Atlantic Ocean and the Americas w/ lands west of "line of demarcation" belonging to Spain and to the east belonging to Portugal
|
Treaty of Tordesillas
|
The Pope was of Spanish decent so they got the most land Portugal got Brazil.
|
|
|
A trading company used to establish and direct trade throughout Asia. Had power to mint money, make treaties, & raise theri own armies
|
Dutch East India Company
|
owned fleet of 20,000 ships & dominated trade in region
|
|
|
The dominant power in Asia demanding Tribute regularly from Korea and S.E. Asia to Ming Overlords. Improved agriculture w/ rice production & irrigation, fish farming, & cash crops of cotton & sugar cane
|
Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
|
Prospered under Emperor Hongwu & his son Yonglo
|
|
|
Son of a peasant who commanded the rebel army that drove the Mongols out of China (1368), became 1st Ming emperor
|
Hongwu
|
Improved Agriculture, encouraged Confucianism, restored a civil service exam system for employment, but to keep power had thousands of officials killed who opposed him
|
|
|
Took over rule from father (Hongwu) carried on reforms & programs and launched exploration voyages under Zheng He to broaden Tribute payments from other countries and impress other nation's of China's power
|
Yonglo
|
His voyages of exploration were costly to the Chinese treasury & drew opposition leading to later isolationism
|
|
|
A Chinese Muslim Admiral who led 7 voyages through S.E. Asia, India, Saudi Arabia, & Eastern Africa
|
Zheng He
|
Commanded huge armada of ships, Treasure Ship was >400ft long, ; 16 countries sent Tribute Payments
|
|
|
People of the Manchu who invaded China & overran the Ming Dynasty ruling > 260 yrs. & expand China's borders to include Taiwan, Chinese Central Asia, Mongolia & Tibet
|
Manchus
|
Expanded China and stabilized rule in region
|
|
|
The Chinese name the Manchus used for their empire; earned respect of the Chinese people by making borders safer & economy stronger under Emperors Kangxi & Qiam-long (grandson)
|
Qing Dynasty
|
non-native rulers of China who unified the region
|
|
|
Italian Merchant trader who reached the Court of Kublai Kahn in China. He brought back knowledge of the Khan Dynasty & geographic knowledge for Cartography
|
Marco Polo (1254-1824)
|
He returned to Genoa, Italy after 20yrs. in China only to be emprisoned where he dictated his stories to a Ghost Writer
|
|
|
Became Emperor in 1661 & rules for 60 yrs. reducing Gov't expenses, liked the Jesuits in Court who told him of European Science, Medicine & Math
|
Kangxi
|
Offered intellectuals government positions, lowered taxes, under his grandson Quian-long, China reached its greatest size & prosperity
|
|
|
a powerful Samurai (warrior chieftan) who seized control of old feudal estates & created Japanese Feudalism which offered security to subjects, building Castles, armed Samurai on horseback, foot soldiers w/ guns.
|
daimyo
|
the equivalent of a Lord under Japanese Feudalism, Samurai were the knights
|
|
|
an ambitious daimyo who took control of most of Japan's islands & captured the capital Kyoto in 1568. He failed to unify the country & committed "seppuku" (ritual suicide)
|
Oda Nobunaga
|
motto: " Rule the empire by force" ; used 3000 warriors armed w/ muskets to defeat Samurai on horseback in 1575
|
|
|
took power from Nobunaga & controlled Japan fy 1590; invaded Korea in 1592.
|
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
|
attempted to destroy the remaining hostile daimyo
|
|
|
held pwer until 1867 under Tokugawa leyasu, completed unification of Japan in 1600, defeating his rivals @ Battle of Sekigahora; urged future leaders to "Take care of the people, strive to be virtuous, and never neglect to protect the country"
|
Tokugawa Shogunate
|
Became Shogun ( sole leader) & moved capital to Edo ( Tokyo ) ; used "alternate attendence policy" to instill rule of law over the rule by sword
|
|
|
a type of fiction telling realistic stories of self-made merchants or hardships of life,
A 5-7-5 syllables, 3-line verse poetry that presents images rather than ideas. |
haiku
|
poet: Matsuo Basho
|
|
|
Townspeople attended the Theater where actors in elaborate costumes used dance, music & mime to perform skits of modern life
|
kabuki
|
Japanese theatrical entertainment >400yrs. old
|
|
|
Sextant, Compass, & Astrolabe
|
tools of exploration
|
used to navigate on the oceans by using stars, longitude & latitude & magnetic north & south
|
|
|
What are the 3 Motives for Exploration?
|
God, Glory, and Gold
|
3 G's of Bartholomew Dias
|
|
|
Influenced Chinese thought, introduced trigonometry & astronomical instruments to China, wrote & translated books into Chinese including Euclid's Elements
|
Matteo Ricci (1552-1610)
|
an Italian who influenced Chinese thought through his knowledge of western technology
|
|
|
A palace complex compound in Beijing, China that served as the seat of Gov't & home of Chinese Emperor. Commoners & foreigners were not allowed to enter
|
The Forbidden City
|
Includes Taihe Hall, Zhonge Hall, 9-Dragon Wall, walkways, & gardens
|
|
|
nutmeg, ginger, cinnamon, pepper, cloves, etc.
|
East Indies Spices
|
extremely valuable in Europe to spice up bland foods
|
|
|
a new ship that could sail against the wind w/ triangular sails adopted from Arabian ships
|
Caravel
|
merchant ships 65ft. long, large cargo holds, shallow draft, & w/ square & triangular sails
|
