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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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N. Africa meets Med. and
Atlantic Ocean |
coastal plain
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run parallel to Med. and Atlantic Coast and stretch from N. Morrocco to Tunisia
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Atlas Mountains
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high shifting sand dunes
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ergs
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gravel covered plain
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regs
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low area of land
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depression
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largest oasis in Sahara desert
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Nile River
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climate on the coast
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Mediterranean
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climate most of North Africa
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arid climate
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life is concentrated around
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oasis
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country that has diversity of plants and animals because of closeness to Europe
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Morocco
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country that supports milder climates and has forests, grassland, and many kinds of animals
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Tunisia
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the region's most valuable resources
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oil and natural gas
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this country has the largest oil rigs
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Libya
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there are fishing places off of this country's coast
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Morocco's
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makes farming possible, so the region produces many crops, like figs, olives, dates, grapes, grains
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irrigation
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Egypt is a major producer of - and -
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cotton and rice
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The first people int he area were - and -
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hunters and gatherers
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human populations centered around the - -
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Nile River
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finely ground fertile soil
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silt
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rulers considered as gods
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Pharoahs
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system of writing used pictures and symbols
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heiroglyphics
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Egyptians weakened and were ruled by the
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Phoenicians
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sailors and traders
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Phoenicians
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Alexander the Great founded
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Carthage
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Roman Empire from - to -
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146 B.C. - A.D. 400's
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Byzantine Empire -
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part of Roman Empire
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Arabs came and swepts across North Africa in
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A.D. 600's
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Eventually everyone became - and Arabic became the main language
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Muslim
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Cities became great centers of - culture and education
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Islamic
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Ottomans took control in the
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1500's
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In the late 1800's, Western Europeans
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began to colonize N. Africa
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France controlled - , -, and -
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Algeria, S. Morocco, and Tunisia
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Spain took over
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N. Morocco
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Great Britain took over
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- and - Canal
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connects Med. and Red Sea, important trade link to -
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Suez Canal, India
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Italy took control over -
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Libya
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North Africans wanted independence after
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WWII
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In -, Egypt gained complete independence
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1952
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France granted - and - independence in 1956
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Tunisia and Morocco
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France fought to keep - but lost a bloody war
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Algeria
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Libya became a - - and rejected Western ideas
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socialist republic
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cultural group that lived in N. Africa before Arabs
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berber
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most Arab cities were built within -
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Casban
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- old part of an Arab city
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Medina
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the major religion , except for a small minority
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Islam
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Businesses close early on holidays like
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Idal-Adha
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Families sacrifice a
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sheep
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now a freeport
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tangier
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no taxes on goods
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freeport
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also improved trade with the EU
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Tunisia
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oil and natural gas are the backbone of - and -
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Libya and Algeria
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peasant farmers in Egypt. Work the fertile land and make up 40% of Egypt's workforce
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fellahin
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political issues
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Islamic fundamanetalists believe the governments should be based on Islamic law, many governments want to limit role of Islam, United States gives aid to N. Africa
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Environmental issues
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desertification, Aswalt high dam in Egypt provides hydroelectricity and water, prevents flooding but stops silt from depositing, lose fertility so have to use fertilizers which cause pollution
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