Wfusm Somatosensory

Front 1

Sensory neuron cell bodies are located in the

Back 1

Dorsal Root Ganglion

Front 2

Spinomesencephalic, spinoreticular or spinothalamic tract projects to the midbrain periqueductal gray matter

Back 2

Spinomesencephalic

Front 3

Spinomesencephalic, spinoreticular or spinothalamic tract is responsible for the emotional response? Where does it terminate

Back 3

Spinoreticular
in the medullary-pontine reticular formation

Front 4

Out of primary afferents which are fastest to respond and where are they located and what is their sensory modality

Back 4

A alpha
located in muscle spindles
sense proprioception

Front 5

These afferent fibers are low threshold mechanical muscle spindles and second fastest to arrive. Name the receptors (5)

Back 5

Alpha Beta
Muscle Spindle,
Meisner's corpuscle
Merkel's receptor
Pacinian corpuscle
Hair recetor

Front 6

What sensory modality do Meissner's corpuscles serve

Back 6

superficial touch

Front 7

Sensory modality of Merkel receptor

Back 7

superficial touch

Front 8

Sensory modality of Pacinian corpuscle

Back 8

deep touch, vibration

Front 9

Sensory modality of Ruffini ending

Back 9

Deep touch, vibration

Front 10

Sensory modality of Hair receptor

Back 10

Touch, Vibration

Front 11

Which two fibers detect noxious stimuli? Of these two which is myelinated

Back 11

A Delta and C fibers
the A Delta is myelinated

Front 12

Meissner's Pacinian, Merkel's, Ruffinis which are slow and which are fast adapting

Back 12

Fast- Meissner's Pacinian
Slow- Merkel's Ruffinis

Front 13

Meissner's Pacinian, Merkel's, Ruffinis Hair receptor

Which does hairy skin not have

Back 13

Meissners

Front 14

Meissner's Pacinian, Merkel's, Ruffinis

order from superficial to deep

Back 14

Merkels
Meissners
Ruffini
Pacinian

need really high frequency to activate Pacinian

Front 15

3 joint receptors include

Back 15

Free Nerve Endings
Paciniform
Ruffini

Front 16

What transient potential ion channel binds capsacin and activates C fibres

Back 16

TRPV1

Front 17

Sharp well localized pricking pain is most associated with what receptor

Back 17

A delta nociceptor

Front 18

Does electrical stimulation hit large diameters or small diameters first?

Back 18

Large

Front 19

Innocuous Cold Information travels on-
Innocuous Warm information travels onp

Back 19

Cold- A delta
Warm- C

Front 20

Neurochemically, small diameter afferents release ____ that act in an excitatory or inhibatory manner?

Back 20

Glutamate and substance P
excitatory

Front 21

What receptor does glutamate excite and how would you block it

Back 21

NMDA receptor
block w ketamine, PCP, and detromethorphan

Front 22

Two main targets for analgesia and anesthesia and what agent is used

Back 22

Opiod receptors using fentanyl

Sodium channel using bupivicaine

Front 23

3 areas of the thalamus that may receive spinal nociceptive input

Back 23

VPL/VPM
medial dorsal nucleus
intralaminar nuclei

Front 24

What would be the effect of lesion in the VPL on pain?

Back 24

increase pain thresholds contralateral
development of chronic pain

Front 25

2 targets of Analgesia

Back 25

opiod receptor and deep brain stimulation

Front 26

What processes the location and intensity of pain

Back 26

Thalamus in the VPL (body) or VPM (face)

Front 27

What aspect of pain does the VPI of the thalamus process

Back 27

sensory features

Front 28

What role does the anterior cingulate cortex have in pain

Back 28

Attention
Expectation
Negative affect

Front 29

What would a lesion of the anterior cingulate cortex do to pain perception

Back 29

reduction in pain affective responses in chronic, not acute, pain

Front 30

What role does the insular cortex have in pain and what would happen with a lesion?

Back 30

expectations
evaluation
disrupt the understanding and meaning of pain

Front 31

What thalamic input does the anterior cingulate cortex receive?

Back 31

medidorsal nucleus
intralaminar nuclei

Front 32

What thalamic input does the insular cortex receive

Back 32

Medial Dorsal N, Intralaminar, Ventroposterior

Front 33

Describe the Gate Control Theory of Pain

Back 33

Sensory input from large diameter nonpain (alpha beta) can reduce pain transmission

Small diameter input can ramp up pain

Front 34

What do you stimulate to cause pain inhibition by activating large diameter primary afferents

Back 34

Dorsal Column
Trans cutaneous electrical stim

Front 35

2 important regions for descending control of pain

Back 35

Periqueductal gray matter
locus cereleus (with alpha 2 adrenergics)

Front 36

Neurons from the periaqueductal gray matter project to the ____ which goes on to the ___

Back 36

Nucleus raphe magnus
goes on to the dorsal horn to inhibit nociceptive activity

Front 37

Describe Allodynia and Hyperalgesia

Back 37

Allodynia- pain evoked by stimulus that is usually innocuous (hot shower after a sun burn)

Hyperalgesia- excessive pain from normally painful stimulus

Front 38

Injury to ___ is associated with complex regional pain syndrome

Back 38

peripheral nerve, form a sprain, fracture, or surgery

Front 39

Describe symptoms of CRPS

Back 39

constant burning pain
not limited to dermatome
bilateral symptoms in % of patients with unilateral injury
edema, loss of join mobility

Front 40

Name 3 mechanisms of neuropathic pain

Back 40

peripheral sensitization
central sensitization
death of inhibitory neurons

Front 41

In peripheral sensitization what might axons abnormally express

Back 41

adrenergic receptors