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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Potential Hazards
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Electrical
Physical Chemical Radiation Noise Pollution Laser Use in the OR |
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Physical Hazards
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Anesthetic Gases
Chronic environmental exposure General Anesthesia Halogenated agents Nitrous Oxide |
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nitrous adverse effect
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Nitrous: effects hematopoietic system and neural cells (not so with chronic exposure)
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What are Trace Gases?
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Any substance present in the atmosphere of the work environment in a concentration exceeding the allowable percentage as defined in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Standards (NIOSH) criteria
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Trace Gas Concentrations
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Measured and expressed in parts per million (ppm) and represent a volume to volume ratio.
Example: 100% of any gas is 1 million ppm 1% of a gas is 10,000ppm Measured over 8 hour period and averaged over time |
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trace gases In the OR…per NIOSH
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The allowable level of exposure, using
a time-weighted average, is: 25ppm of nitrous oxide 2ppm of a halogenated agent 0.5ppm of halogentated gas with nitrous |
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How can trace gases in the OR be minimized?
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Scavenging Equipment
Bioenvironmental Checking Checking the anesthesia machine and testing for leaks Daily and Quarterly Minimize turning on agents before face mask applied Administer 100% O2 before removing the face mask or endotracheal tube Empty the re-breathing bag into the waste gas scavenging system before disconnecting the breathing circuit |
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Chemical
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Methylmethacrylate
to cement prostheses to bone or repair bone defects OSHA established 100ppm for 8 hours for factory workers (resp, cutaneous and GU problems) 90 ppm during preparation time scavenging system |
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Noise Pollution
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Sounds: ……………...
Continuous background noises is 75-90db by OR “hum” OSHA Safe noise exposure of 90 db for 8 hours Each increase in 5db halves the exposure time (10 db = 2 hours) Besides hearing loss…. |
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Radiation
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Teratogenic and long-term genetic effects
Technologic advances in radiologic equipment Do get exposed Film badges/pocket dosimeters |
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Electrical
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Electrical and Electronic Devices greatly improve patient care
Subject Patient and OR personnel to risks |
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Electrosurgery/Electrocautery
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“Bovie”
Generates high frequency currents (up to 1 million Hz) which generates heat Doesn’t cause cardiac disturbances “Return Plate” |
