Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
RA a-wave
|
contraction of the RA
|
|
|
RA c-wave
|
tricuspid closure
|
|
|
RA v-wave
|
passive filling of the RA
|
|
|
RA
loss of a waves or only v waves |
afib
v-pacing |
|
|
RA
cannon a waves |
junctional
3* AVB PVC's V pacing tricuspid/mitral stenosis vent hypertrophy ischemia |
|
|
RA a-wave
|
contraction of the RA
|
|
|
RA c-wave
|
tricuspid closure
|
|
|
RA v-wave
|
passive filling of the RA
|
|
|
RA a-wave
|
contraction of the RA
|
|
|
RA
loss of a waves or only v waves |
afib
v-pacing |
|
|
RA c-wave
|
tricuspid closure
|
|
|
RA
cannon a waves |
junctional
3* AVB PVC's V pacing tricuspid/mitral stenosis vent hypertrophy ischemia |
|
|
RA v-wave
|
passive filling of the RA
|
|
|
RA
loss of a waves or only v waves |
afib
v-pacing |
|
|
RA
cannon a waves |
junctional
3* AVB PVC's V pacing tricuspid/mitral stenosis vent hypertrophy ischemia |
|
|
RA a-wave
|
contraction of the RA
|
|
|
RA c-wave
|
tricuspid closure
|
|
|
RA v-wave
|
passive filling of the RA
|
|
|
RA
loss of a waves or only v waves |
afib
v-pacing |
|
|
RA
cannon a waves |
junctional
3* AVB PVC's V pacing tricuspid/mitral stenosis vent hypertrophy ischemia |
|
|
RA a-wave
|
contraction of the RA
|
|
|
RA c-wave
|
tricuspid closure
|
|
|
RA v-wave
|
passive filling of the RA
|
|
|
RA
loss of a waves or only v waves |
afib
v-pacing |
|
|
RA
cannon a waves |
junctional
3* AVB PVC's V pacing tricuspid/mitral stenosis vent hypertrophy ischemia |
|
|
RA
large v-waves |
tricuspid/mitral regurgitation
acuye hypervolemia |
|
|
causes of increased CVP
|
RV failure
tricuspid stenosis cardiac tamponade constrictive pericarditis fluid overload pulmonary HTN chronic LV failure |
|
|
causes of increased PAP
|
LV failure
mitral stenosis/regurgitation left to right shunt ASD or VSD volume overload pulmonary HTN catheter whip |
|
|
causes of increased PAOP
|
LV failure
mitral stenosis or regurgitation cardiac tamponade constrictive pericarditis volume overload ischemia |
|
|
low CVP
low PADP low PAOP |
hypovolemia
|
|
|
CVP normal or high
PADP high PAOP high |
LV failure
wrong transducer height |
|
|
CVP high
PADP normal or low PAOP normal or low |
RV failure, TR, TS
|
|
|
CVP high
PADP high PAOP normal or low |
PE
|
|
|
CVP high
PADP high PAOP normal |
pulmonary HTN
|
|
|
CVP high
PADP high PAOP high |
tamponade
ventricular interdenpendence wrong transducer height |
|
|
CVP normal
PADP normal or high PAOP high |
MR
LV ischemia |
|
|
CVP low
PADP high PAOP normal |
ARDS
|
|
|
cuff falsely high?
|
too small cuff
arterial stiffness hyperthermia |
|
|
cuff falsey low?
|
too large cuff
poor tissue perfusion operator error |
|
|
most common EEG wave?
|
alpha
awake resting with eyes closed |
|
|
EEG beta wave?
|
eyes open, concentrating
|
|
|
EEG theta waves?
|
anesthesia/cortical depression
|
|
|
EEG sleep waves?
|
delta
|
|
|
burst suppression?
|
good in anesthetic states
bad in pathology |
|
|
Ideal anesthetized BIS?
|
40-60
|
|
|
pulse ox based on ___ law?
|
Beer's
oxyhemoglobin absors the infared light (940) deoxyhemoglobin absor=bs the red light (660) |
|
|
you need quick and accurate pulse ox, where do you put it?
|
ear
|
|
|
wood's metal
|
melts at 200c
bismuth, lead, tin and cadmium |
|
|
critical temperature is below room temo, you have a ______
|
gas
|
|
|
7 required cylinder markings
|
1-regulatory body (DOT) type/material of cylinder
2-serial number 3-purchaser, user and manufacturer 4-manufacturer's manual 5-manufacturer's identifyinf symbol 6-retest dat, retester, ID symbol, 110% filling, ten year test interval 7-neck rign owner's identification lettering must be 1/4" high |
|
|
cylinder wall thickness
|
3/8"
|
|
|
who sets stds for anesthesia machines, ETT tubes, etc...
|
ANSI
|
|
|
who establishes rec's for transportation, design, constructin, fillinf, etc of compressed gas cylinders?
|
DOT
|
|
|
who sets standards to protect health care workers?
|
NIOSH and OSHA
|
|
|
who sets standards for location and installatin of bulk 02 systems?
|
NFPA
|
|
|
cylinder pressure guage aka...
|
bourdon
|
|
|
which pressure system flucuates the most?, the least?
|
most-intermediate
least-low |
|
|
check valve in pipeline inlet type?
function |
floating, seats according to pressure
prevents contamination hospital supplt and leak |
|
|
check valve in power outlet for ventilator type?
|
ball and spring
|
|
|
check valve type in hanger yoke assembly?
function? |
free floating, opens with pressure, closses with pressure
prevents a full cylinder from emptying into an empy cylinder (transfilling (HEAT!!) or wall o2 from entering a cylinder safety valve |
|
|
first stage 02 regulator?
valve type |
cylinder pressure decreased to 40-50 psi, serves both yokes
diaphragm valve |
|
|
second stage 02 regulator?
valve type? |
reduces pressure of 40-50 to 16psig
receives wall pressure 02 or 02 from the first stage regulator diaphragm valve |
|
|
02 vlush valve
|
only valve on intermediate pressure circuit
all or none dilutes gases |
|
|
o2 flush valve type?
|
ball/spring
|
|
|
pressure sensor shut-off valve or fail safe device
valve type? |
senses 02 pressure at 50 psi
shuts off N20 02 pressure must maintain at least 25 psig to keep valve open pin and spring type valve senses only pressure, not flow |
|
|
02 flow meter and control valve
valve type |
delivers gas to patient circuit
rec's Low Pressure needle valve the ]Thorpe tube is gas specific and is tapered with the largest diameter at the top |
|
|
only machine with check valve between vapriaers and CGO?
|
ohmeda only
free floating |
|
|
What happens if the inspiratory valve sticks open?
|
rebreathing and increase in C02 baseline
|
|
|
what happens if expiratory valve stick open?
|
gas will follow path of least resistance
won;t have enough pressure to ventilate the patient |
|
|
inspiratory/expiratory valves?
type? |
permits direction of gas flow to and from the patient (unidirectional)
opening is limited by a retainer FLUTTER VALVES |
|
|
APL valve (pop off)
|
adjusts the limit of pressure in the patient circuit and rebreathing bag
tightening the knob will increasd the pressure attatched to the exhalation check valve |
|
|
absorber gas flows
|
on inspiration, the gas flows down through the soda lime, directly from the CGO, and from the rebreathing bag
flow of gases opens the inhalational valve on expiration gas flows through the exhalati check valve to the APL/breathing bag |
|
|
waste gas scavenging system
|
receives gas from the APL and ventilator
positive pressure relief valve will allow gas to escape from the system to the OR if pressure builds up in the system wall evacuation system requires the needle valve to be properly adjusted. if excess flow is present, the the negative pressure relief valve will open and if flow is not enough the positive pressure releif valve opens and waste ags enters the OR ADJUSTING THE NEEDLE VALVE DOES NOT REGULATE VACUUM OR SUCTION, JUST THE FLOW OF WASTE GASES INTO THE VACUUM SOURCE |
|
|
IF THE VAPORIZER IS tipped, this can result in______
|
musch higher gas flows 2-30% higher
|
|
|
factors that may cause a failure to deliver adequate 02 to the alveoli. [8]
|
empty 02 cylinder
incorrect cylinder on 02 yoke closed 02 cylinder valve 02 flowmeter off 02 leak within the machine or flowmeter incomplete or absent circuit unidirectinoal valves breathing circuit leak inadequate ventilation |
|
|
factors that may cause hypercarbia
patient factors {5) |
CNS depression
muscle relaxants motor blockade airway obstruction severe intrapulmonary shunting |
|
|
factors that may cause hypercarbia
delivery system problems [7] |
apnes (not ventilating)
idadequate VE increased dead space in apparatus missing unidirectinal valves incorrectly sembled circuit system exhausted C02 absorbent/channeling inadequaate FGF's |
