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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three types of friendship?
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Pleasure, utility, good
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What is "true friendship"?
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It is the love of one's own higher good.
"Friend is another self" |
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What is the highest happiness?
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Conteplation, the only, pure intrinsic good.
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What are the three best pleasures?
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purity, stability, self-sufficiency
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What is the conflict with intellectual virtue?
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Divine self-sufficiency vs. "people who need people"
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Which study comes first, ethics or moral goodness?
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Ethics
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What are the popular views of happiness?
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Virtue (prudence and wisdom)
Pleasure External goods |
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What is the non-rational soul made up of?
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Obeys Reason (moral virtue)
Nutritive (physical health) |
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What is the rational soul made up of?
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Pure Reason (contemplative wisdom)
Practical Reason (practical wisdom) |
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What are the characteristics of moral virtue? (4)
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-A habit
-Fulfills purpose of nature -A mean between extremes Concerns feelings and actions: to experience emotions properly - as perceived by “man of high standards” |
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Name virtue and vice of COURAGE:
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rash – COURAGE – coward
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Name virtue and vice of TEMPERANCE:
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insensible – TEMPERANT – indulgent
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Name virtue and vice of LIBERAL:
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prodigal – LIBERAL – meanness
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Name virtue and vice of MAGNIFICENT:
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vulgar – MAGNIFICENT – niggardly
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Name virtue and vice of PRIDE:
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vanity – PRIDE – humility
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Name virtue and vice of AMBITION:
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ambitious – RT AMBITION – unambitious
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Name virtue and vice of GOOD-TEMPER:
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irritable – GOOD-TEMPER - never irritable
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Name virtue and vice of TRUTHFUL:
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boastful – TRUTHFUL – mock-modest
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Name virtue and vice of WITTY:
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buffoon – WITTY – boorish
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Name virtue and vice of FRIENDLY:
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obsequious – FRIENDLY – surly
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Name virtue and vice of MODEST:
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bashful – MODEST – shameless
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Name virtue and vice of JUSTICE:
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injustice – JUSTICE - injustice
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What does courage have to do with fear?
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Endures fear “in the right way…” for the sake of “acting nobly.”
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What is the quote about courage with ends and circumstances?
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“Pleasant end obscured by attendant circumstances…”
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What does the magnanimous man think of recieving honors?
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He deserves them but it is not good enough for his high virtue.
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What does the magnanimous man feel about praise?
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Like to hear about good they have done, not good they have received.
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What are the three descriptions of a magnanimous man according to Aristotle?
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“a slow gait, a deep voice, a deliberate way of speaking…”
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On truth, from the standpoint of moral virtue philosophy is what?
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A graceful vice
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On truth, from the standpoint of philosophy, moral virtue is what?
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A boast
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To Aristotle, what comes first, straightforwardness or opinion?
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Straightforwardness
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On justice, what is the definition of lawful?
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Complete virtue … in relation to fellow men.
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On justice, what is the definition of fair?
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Proportional (depends on judgment of merit)
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Is natural justice changeable?
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Yes
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Practical wisdom guides what?
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Moral virtue
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Moral virtue guides what?
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Practical wisdom
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Why is Practical Wisdom NOT the highest wisdom?
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Because “man is not the best thing in the universe”
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What is theoretical wisdom?
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The highest happiness: contemplation – the only pure, intrinsic good.
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What is the relationship between the object and subject of percieving something?
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“When both object and subject of perception are at their best, there will always be pleasure.”
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Why is this Divine living impossible?
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Incapable of continuous activity
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Why is having education backed by law a problem?
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It assumes knowledge of legislation (the big problem with Politics)
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What is the order of forming a city?
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household - village - city
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What is the individual in relation to the city?
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Whole prior to part
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Why are we "by nature political animals?"
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We speak
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Does Aristotle justify slavery?
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In principle, but not in reality.
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How common is it to be a good man and a good citizen?
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Rare
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Why is Practical Wisdom NOT the highest wisdom?
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Because “man is not the best thing in the universe”
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What is theoretical wisdom?
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The highest happiness: contemplation – the only pure, intrinsic good.
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What is the relationship between the object and subject of percieving something?
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“When both object and subject of perception are at their best, there will always be pleasure.”
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Why is this Divine living impossible?
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Incapable of continuous activity
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Why is having education backed by law a problem?
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It assumes knowledge of legislation (the big problem with Politics)
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What is the order of forming a city?
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household - village - city
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What is the individual in relation to the city?
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Whole prior to part
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Why are we "by nature political animals?"
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We speak
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Does Aristotle justify slavery?
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In principle, but not in reality.
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How common is it to be a good man and a good citizen?
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Rare
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Can a worker be a citizen?
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No, they are too preoccupied
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Monarchy's vice is?
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Tyranny
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Aristocracies vice is?
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Oligarchy
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Polities vice is?
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Democracy
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Does Aristotle classify by class?
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No
few = rich many = poor |
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What are the means of a good polis?
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Property and defense
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What are the ends of a good polis?
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Living well for the sake of noble actions
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What is the best political constitution?
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POLITY (like virtue, a “mean” open to many)
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What is this Polity made up of?
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Solid, moderate middle class: listens to reason, avoids arrogance/envy; free from factions.
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What is Aristotles "just mixture?"
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Pay the poor, fine the rich to encourage participation
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What is the four practical advices that Aristotle gives about governing a Polity?
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-Avoid “community policing"
-Moderation -Fear: remind people of dangers -Attend: to lifestyles & education |
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*What are the characteristics of a Democracy?
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*-Balancing numbers / property
-Best democracies: agrarian, pastoral |
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*How do you preserve a Democracy?
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-Avoid confiscatory litigation
-Discourage participation of poor -Don’t distribute surplus -Perpetuate prosperity, provide land, jobs -Mix election, lot |
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What is the "core" of happiness?
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Action
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What is beyond action?
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Study and thought
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What is Aristotles views of sex and marriage?
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-Citizens (man 37, female 18)
-Abortions acceptable -Adultry is bad -Censor obscenity |
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What is one purpose of education?
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Leisure
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What is Aristotles views on women?
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Lack authority
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