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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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How far did the Weimar Republic recover under Stresemann?
New currency |
1923:
End of passive resistance meant that German economy was working again Stresemann introduced new temporary currency, the Rentenmark, which restored confidence He then introduced proper new currency, the Reichsmark |
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How far did the Weimar Republic recover under Stresemann?
The Dawes and Young plans |
Key to Germany recovery was financial help from the USA
Dawes plan (1924) involved loan of 800m marks Young plan (1929) reduced reparations by over 67% This allowed Germany to enjoy ‘boom’ until 1929 |
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How far did the Weimar Republic recover under Stresemann?
Improved international relations |
Locarno treaty (1925) guaranteed Germany’s borders
1926 Germany joined LofN as permanent council member Germany became trading power – by 1929 she was the biggest exporter in Europe |
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How far did the Weimar Republic recover under Stresemann?
Stronger coalitions |
This period saw more stable governments
In 1928, the SPD, the largest of the democratic parties, joined the coalition government for the first time since 1923 Democracy seemed to be working with centre parties doing well |
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The crisis of 1923
The occupation |
German failure to pay full reparations led to French occupying the Ruhr valley in Jan 1923 under terms of TofV
Element of revenge for 1914 – French treated civilians very badly French would take reparations from source |
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The crisis of 1923
Passive resistance |
German policy of peaceful non-cooperation with the French occupation
German workers went on strike |
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The crisis of 1923
Hyperinflation |
Already inflation in Germany after war due to shortages forcing up prices
1923: passive resistance forced government to print more money to pay wages – this led to hyperinflation Mark became worthless Middle-classes lost their savings |
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The crisis of 1923
Stresemann’s response |
1923
Stresemann bravely ended passive resistance (Aug) Established new temporary currency – Rentenmark (Oct) Agreed to resume reparations (Nov) Negotiated Dawes Plan with the USA (Apr 1924) |
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1923
Munich Putsch |
The Nazis were furious at ending of passive resistance to French occupation
Hitler took over meeting in Beerhall and held members of Bavarian government at gun-point - declared revolution Ministers escaped and loyal police opened fire on Nazis when they marched the next day |
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Was Weimar Germany doomed from the start?
Legacy of WWI |
Economic crisis (food shortages)
Disease (Spanish flu) Psychological damage of defeat Armistice (stab in the back myth) New democracy linked with defeat and suffering because Kaiser abdicated and fled Germany on November 10, 1918 |
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Was Weimar Germany doomed from the start?
The constitution |
Proportional representation – weak coalitions
Freedom of speech allowed enemies of democracy to work to destroy it Article 48 - dictatorship? |
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Was Weimar Germany doomed from the start?
Impact of the treaty of Versailles |
The treaty was known as the Diktat
Politicians who had signed armistice and then signed the treaty became known as the November Criminals Resented for: Leaving German minorities in other countries when other people were allowed national self-determination Disarming Germany when no-one else disarmed Reparations when Germany was ruined by war … and war guilt Germany’s leaders had to accept it though - undermined democracy |
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Was Weimar Germany doomed from the start?
Political extremism |
Political extremism flourished as a result of legacy of WWI
Freikorps & Spartacists Poorly organised Spartacist rising crushed by army & Freikorps in Jan 1919 Kapp Putsch by Right in 1920 after TofV – defeated by general strike in Berlin |
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