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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the fundamentals of proper specimen collection? |
-specimen collected, delivered to lab quickly by correct transportation, inoculated onto media that will support growth
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blood |
-correct volume collected (20ml=10ml in each bottle- one aerobic, one anaerobic) -skin must be disinfected with alcohol & then iodine |
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blood septicemia |
-infection in the blood |
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continuous septicemia |
-occurs in patients with intravascular infections or with overwhelming sepsis |
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intermittent septicemia |
-infections localized at a distal site |
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Cerebral spinal fluid |
-usually tested for: bacterial meningitis, neisseria meningitis, streptococcus pneumoniae -these collections are processes immediately; never refrigerated or heated -grown for 2-3 days |
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upper respiratory tract |
-collected on calcium alginate swabs -avoid contamination with saliva while collecting -get sample from back of throat -cultures grow for 2-3 days |
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outer ear specimen |
-involves scraping the involved area
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middle ear specimen |
-done via fluid aspiration
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eye specimen collection |
-with swab, corneal scrapings, or aspirations -cultured 2-3 days |
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urine |
-clean catch mid-stream -may be refrigerated or placed in tubes w/perservatives to maintain colony count -cather or suprapubic specimens may be used
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clean catch mid stream (CCMS) |
- bacteria can colonize the anterior tip of the urethra, the first portion of urine collected should be discarded |
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what is the most sterile form of collection for urine? |
-cather or suprapubic specimens -because their collected directly from the bladder |
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anti-coagulant |
-an agent that is used to prevent the formation of blood clots -usually heparin is used, which acts to inactivate thrombin- a chemical that aids in clotting factors |
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how are anti-coagulants used in blood culture tubes? |
-sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS) is used for blood culture specimens -heparin for synovial fluid |
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When would you use EDTA or a anti-coagulant be used as a preservative? |
-for bone marrow & blood for malaria |
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what are the federal & state guidelines for shipping infectious agents? |
-double contained tubes with tightly sealed caps with appropriate absorbing material if there was a spill -everything shld be waterproof & tapped -biohazzard label must be clearly displayed |
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when could an infectious agent be sent in the mail? |
-if collection is done in an outpatient clinic & shipped to lab for testing |
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what is the purpose of a requisition form? |
-an electronic or hand written script by the physician that details the procedure that he wants followed with the specimen - different forms of requisition -anatomic pathology -clinical pathology |
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what are appropriate specimen storage conditions? |
-specimens are to be stored in appropriate temps, pH, and containers or the final specimen reading will be affected |
