Week One

Front 1

transformation

Back 1

an act process, or instance of transforming or being transformed

Front 2

accomodation

Back 2

the process by which the lens changes shape to focus incoming light so that it falls on the retina.

Front 3

assimilation

Back 3

the process of receiving new facts or of responding to new situations in conformity with what is already available to consciousness

Front 4

cognitive domain

Back 4

memory, reasoning, and thinking abilities

Front 5

egocentrism

Back 5

in piagets theory, the inability to take another person's perspective or point of view, self centeredness

Front 6

sensory motor

Back 6

involving both sensory and motor functions or pathways

Front 7

scaffolding

Back 7

an instructional technique whereby the teacher models the desired learning strategy or task, then gradually shifts responsibility to the students

Front 8

zone of proximal development

Back 8

in Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development, the difference between what children can accomplish on their own and what they can accopmolish with the help of others who are more competent.

Front 9

social development theory

Back 9

argues that social interaction precedes development; consciousness and cognition are the end product of socialization and social behavior.

Front 10

preoperational

Back 10

in Piaget's theory, the second stage of congitive development, which lasts from about age 2 to 7; characterized by increasing use of symbols and prelogical thought processes.

Front 11

concrete

Back 11

In Piaget's theory, the third stage of cognitive development, which lasts from about age 7 to adolescence, characterized by the ability to think logically about concrete objects and situations

Front 12

formal operation

Back 12

In Piaget's theory the fourth stage of cognitive development, which lasts from adolescence through adulthood; characterized by the ability to think logically about abstract principles and hypothetical situations

Front 13

centration

Back 13

in piaget's theory, the tendency to focus, or center, on only one aspect of a situation and ignore other important aspects of the situation.

Front 14

irreversibility

Back 14

in piaget's theory the inability to mentally reverse a sequence of events or logical operations.

Front 15

accommodation

Back 15

learning by changing existing knowledge structures

Front 16

acculturation

Back 16

blending a native culture with a new culture, keeping elements of both

Front 17

adolescence

Back 17

a transitional period of physical and psychological development beginning around 11 to 13 years extending through the teenage years

Front 18

affective domain

Back 18

feelings, emotions, values and attitudes

Front 19

biracial or multiracial

Back 19

having ancestors from two or more racial groups

Front 20

constructivism

Back 20

learner-centered approach to teaching; students construct knowledge for themselves

Front 21

cultural pluralism

Back 21

a system in which many different cultural groups are valued and share power

Front 22

culture

Back 22

a way of life shared by members of a certain group including values, beliefs and attributes

Front 23

development

Back 23

changes taking place as one grows

Front 24

developmentally appropraite or age appropriate

Back 24

considering the age and stage of growth of the child in providing and planning learning experiences

Front 25

diversity

Back 25

variety of different groups within the same setting

Front 26

ethnic group or ethnicity

Back 26

a social group defined on the basis of its religious, national, or cultural characteristics

Front 27

ethnocentrism

Back 27

believing ones culture is better than other cultures

Front 28

field dependent

Back 28

perceiving as a whole and prefering to learn with others

Front 29

field indepedent

Back 29

perceiving in parts and prefering to learn alone

Front 30

guided practice

Back 30

practicing under the direction of the teacher

Front 31

higher level thinking skills

Back 31

the ability to use basic knowledge in analyzing, evaluating, or manipulating information

Front 32

interdisciplinary unit

Back 32

many subject areas are included under one topic or theme

Front 33

kinesthetic learners

Back 33

students who learn by movement

Front 34

KWL

Back 34

stands for "what I know, what I want to know and what i learned." used as an instructional activity to establish student knowledge before and after introducing a lesson or unit.

Front 35

maturation or development

Back 35

the process of growing and changing

Front 36

melting pot theory

Back 36

the theory that cultures should blend into the main culture, losing unique characteristics

Front 37

metacognition

Back 37

ability to monitor and thinka bout one's own thinking, learning, and remembering

Front 38

modeling

Back 38

the teacher or student demonstrates processes, skills or behaviors for learning

Front 39

prejudice

Back 39

positive/negative mindset for a group of people

Front 40

psychomotor domain

Back 40

physical activities or ksills

Front 41

salad bowl theory

Back 41

the theory that cultures mix but retain uniqueness

Front 42

schema (schemata)

Back 42

mental structures for organizing concepts and relationships

Front 43

self actualization

Back 43

reaching ones fullest potential

Front 44

self concept

Back 44

ones perception of self (neither good nor bad)

Front 45

self efficacy

Back 45

self confidence that one can succeed (good)

Front 46

self esteem

Back 46

feelings about oneself can be good or bad

Front 47

stereotype

Back 47

assumption about certain types of people

Front 48

tactile learner

Back 48

students who learn best by touch

Front 49

zone of proximal development

Back 49

difference between what a student can do alone and with help from a peer or adult