Week 8 - Micro

Front 1

human bite wounds

Back 1

oral flora

Front 2

animal bite wounds

Back 2

oral flora

Front 3

infected burn wounds

Back 3

nosocomial species and skin flora

Front 4

soil contaminated wounds

Back 4

anaerobic spore formers (fungi)

Front 5

surgical site infections

Back 5

norma flora

Front 6

human bites

Back 6

streptococci, eikenella corrodesns, STAPH AUREUS, bacteroides, peptostreptococcus, fusobacterium, porphyromas

Front 7

animal bites

Back 7

pasteurella multocida; anaerobes: bacteroides, fusobacteria, porphyromaonas, prevotella, propionibacteria

Front 8

most common isolate from human bites

Back 8

Viridans streptococci

Front 9

Pasteurella- Oxygen, gram stain

Back 9

aerobic, gram negative

Front 10

pasteurella- meds

Back 10

penicillin sensitive

Front 11

rapidly progressive soft-tisue inflammation due to animal bite

Back 11

pasteurella

Front 12

pasteurella - virulence

Back 12

LPS, capsule, cytotoxin, iron acquisition proteins

Front 13

pasteurella - growth

Back 13

grow on blood and chocolate agar, not on MacConkey

Front 14

pasteurella - catalase/oxidase

Back 14

catalase and oxydase positive

Front 15

zone of coagulation

Back 15

nearsest heat source, dead tissue - eschar

Front 16

zone of stasis

Back 16

area adjacent to necrosis, viable, at risk of ischemia

Front 17

zone of hyperemia

Back 17

normal skin, increased blood flow, vasodilation

Front 18

most common burn wound isolates: gram positive

Back 18

staph aureus (most common now); strep pyogenes (was most common)

Front 19

most common burn wound isolates: gram negative

Back 19

pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, acinetobacter baumannii
-nosocomial

Front 20

two most common phyla of bacteria on skin

Back 20

actinobacteria and firmicutes

Front 21

firmicutes

Back 21

gram positive, cocci/rod, low G+C ratio

Front 22

firmicutes on skin

Back 22

staphylococcus, streptococcus, clostridium

Front 23

actinobacteria on skin

Back 23

corynebacteria, propionibacteria

Front 24

surgical site infections

Back 24

staph aureus, coagulase neg staph, enterococcus

Front 25

staphylococcus epidermidis: gram stain, catalase?

Back 25

gram positive, catalase +, coagulase neg

Front 26

staph epidermidis: hemolysis? salt/temp? oxygen?

Back 26

facultative anaerobe, gamma hemolytic, salt and temp tolerant

Front 27

staph aureus: gram, catalase?, oxygen?

Back 27

gram +
catalase +
facultative anaerobe

Front 28

staph aureus: hemolysis? salt/temp? coagulase?

Back 28

beta hemolytic
salt/temp tolerant
coagulase producer

Front 29

scaled skin syndrome, impetigo

Back 29

staph aureus

Front 30

protein A

Back 30

binds to Fc part of abodies
-anti opsonization effect
-makes a stealth bacteria

Front 31

adhesion proteins: S aureus

Back 31

collagen binding protein
fibronectin binding proteins
sialoprotein adhesin

Front 32

staph cytolytic toxins

Back 32

α, β, δ, γ , P-V leukocidin
lysce cells/disrupt membranes

Front 33

staph exfoliative toxins

Back 33

A and B
break down desmosomes

Front 34

staph enterotoxins

Back 34

A through E and G,H,I
food poisoning

Front 35

superantigens (SAg)

Back 35

exfoliative toxin A
enterotoxins
TSST-1

Front 36

SAg

Back 36

bind TCR and MHCII
cytokine storm
hypotension, shock, fever

Front 37

hyaluronidase

Back 37

hydrolyzes extracellular matrix

Front 38

staphylokinase

Back 38

dissolve clots

Front 39

lipase

Back 39

survival in sebaceous areas

Front 40

Dnase

Back 40

hydrolyzes material, reduce viscosity

Front 41

coagulase

Back 41

cell bound: clumps staph cells
secreted: convert fibrinogen to fibrin

Front 42

soil contaminated wounds

Back 42

clostridium perfringens
clostridium tetani
clostridium botulinum

Front 43

clostridium: where? Oxygen?

Back 43

soil, water, sewage, normal flora (GI)
obligate anaerobe
spore formers

Front 44

C. perfringens: shape? gram?

Back 44

large rectangular (box cars)
gram + rods

Front 45

C. perfringens virulence factors

Back 45

alpha toxin
beta toxin
epsilon toxin
iota toxin

Front 46

soft tissue disease assoc with C. perfringens

Back 46

cellulitis
fascitis/suppurative myositis
myonecrosis/gas gangrene

Front 47

C. perfringens:
-revers cAMP test
-catalase?
hemolysis?
nagler rxn?

Back 47

+ reverse cAMP
- catalase
double zone beta hemolysis
+ nagler rxn

Front 48

clostridium tetani: gram?
oxygen?
where?

Back 48

gram + rods/spores
anaerobic
soil, GI tract

Front 49

Clostridium tetani: virulence factors

Back 49

rapid sporulation
tetanolysin
tetanospasmin (risus sardonicus)

Front 50

clostridium tetani: diseases?

Back 50

generalized tetanus
localized tetanus
cephalic tetanus (cranial nerve palsy)
neonatal tetanus

Front 51

Tetanospasmin toxin: mechanism?

Back 51

inhibits inhibitory neurotransmitters - spasms

Front 52

clostridium botulinum: oxygen?
shape? toxins?

Back 52

spore forming rods
anaerobic
7 toxins A-G

Front 53

Botulism toxin: mechanism?

Back 53

inhibits active neuron - flaccid paralysis