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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are NK cells activated by?
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IL-12(once activated it will kill virally infected cells)
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Why is it important to clear viruses before they enter the cell?
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it cannot be oponized by antibodies or complement
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What is RNA - ?
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it is RNA that does not function as a template
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What are common viruses that cause sore throat/rhinorrhea?
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Rhinovirus
Coronavirus * Coxsackie A Influenza Parainfluenza (HPIV) |
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What is the gene composition of the parainfluenza (HPVI) virus?
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(-) ssRNA unsegmented
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What is the capsid shape of parainfluenza?
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helical
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Is parainfluenza eveloped or non enveloped?
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enveloped
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What is the influenza receptor?
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sialic acid
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Croup is caused by which virus?
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parainfluenza
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How does parainfluenza interact with the host?
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non-lytic buds
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How is parainfluenza spread?
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respiratory droplets
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What is the genome composition of the influenza virus?
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ss (-) RNA w/ 8 segments
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What is the capsid shape of influenza?
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Spherical virion, helical nucleocapsid
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Is influenza enveloped or non-enveloped?
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pleomorphic enveloped
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How does influenza interact with the host?
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budding from respiratory cells(non lytic) - Antigenic drift and shift A&B causes it to avoid immunity
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How is influenza transmitted?
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mostly through respiratory secretions
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What is the gene composition of the coronavirus?
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ss (+) RNA
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What is the coronavirus capsid shape?
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Spherical virion with petal shaped spikes, helical nucleoca
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Is the coronavirus enveloped or non enveloped?
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enveloped
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What is the receptor for the influenza virus?
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Sialic acid on host upper respiratory tract
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What are the receptors for the coronavirus?
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glycoproteins on epithelial cell surface
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How does coronavirus replicate?
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synthesizes 6 individual mRNAs from a minus strand template. Also, virions are assembled in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
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What is the transmission method of coronavirus?
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aerosols and large droplets
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What does Coxsackie A and B often cause?
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Respiratory infections (common cold) and Rashes
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Hand, foot, and mouth disease is caused by what?
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Coxsackie B
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What is the genome composition of rhinovirus?
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(+) ss RNA
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What is the capsid shape of rhinovirus?
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Icosahedral
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What are the viral proteins of rhinovirus?
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P1 region encodes capsid proteins
P2 & P3 regions encode proteins for protein processing and genome replication |
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Is rhinovirus enveloped or non enveloped?
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non enveloped
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What are the receptors of rhinovirus?
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Icam-1, LDL, Sialic Acid
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What is the intereaction with the host for rhinovirus?
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lytic
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What is the transmission of rhinovirus?
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Direct contact, nasal secretions; Fomites more important than aerosols
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PKR will be stimulated by the presence of what?
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ds viral RNA
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How does the cell usually shut down protein synthesis?
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ds viral RNA phosphorylates eIF2 preventing it from performing its job in protein translation.
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What does the influenza virus protein NS1 do?
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binds to the dsRNA preventing it from activating PKR.
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How does rhinovirus interfere with the production of interferons?
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by disrupting the cellular transport system so much less interferon is secreted.
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