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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define nutrition
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o Study of food: how it affects the body and influences health
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Explain the role of the nurse in nutrition education
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o Teach patients about Adequate nutrition: essential to wellness
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Explain the purpose of the basic nutrients in a food
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o Carbohydrates
• Making a carb better would include more fiber and vitamins • Not all carbs have the same affect on blood sugar • High in fiber is better- no blood sugar spike • Primary energy source • Sugars • 4 calories/gram |
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Proteins
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• Trauma, burn, surgery, pregnant patients need proteins more
• Different proteins- better off with less fat • Tissue building • Nitroen balance • Amino acids • 4 calories/gram |
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Lipids
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• Keep the patient full longer
• Cell membrane, sex hormones, • Lay term = fat • Key component of lipoproteins • Back-up energy source • Organ insulation/protection • 9 calories/gram |
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Micronutrients
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• Needed only in small amounts
• Regulate body functions • Vitamins • Minerals |
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Water
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• Makes up large percentage of body weight
• Solvent for chemical processes • Transports substances • Form for tissues • Maintains body temperature |
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Describe factors that affect nutrition
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o Developmental stage
• From infants to elders • Includes lactating women o Educational level • Knowledge of nutrition • Includes concepts of access o Lifestyle choices • Dietary patterns • Vegetarianism • Dieting • Ethnicity/culture • Religious practices o Disease processes o Functional limitations |
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Identify the role of the HHS and USDA in nutrition and dietary guidelines
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o Provides guidelines to help people evaluate their food habits and work toward general improvement in their diet
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Demonstrate how the nurse will utilize government recommendations to help patients
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Credibility
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Calculate the calories for basic nutrients in a food
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o CHO = 4 cal per gram
o Fat = 9 cal per gram o Protein = 4 cal per gram |
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General Ideal Weight
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o Men – Rule of 6
• 106 lbs for the first • 5 ft, then add 6 lbs/inch o Women – Rule of 5 • 100 lbs for the first • 5 ft, then add 5 lbs/inch o Add 10% for large body frame; subtract 10% for small body frame. o Always give a range of the 10% |
