Week 4-6 Micro Bacteria

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Domain Bacteria

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contain Archanae and Bacteria

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General characteristics of Bacteria

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Arrangements of Bacteria

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Classification of Bacteria

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Meaning of monotrichous, Lophotrichous, Amphtrichous and Peritrichous

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Appendages of Bacteria

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Bacterial Surface of cell

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Prokoryotes

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endospores

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gram negative

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importance of endospores

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Plasma Membrane

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A dicrete segment for DNA that codes for some protein?

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a gene

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_______ and _________ degradation of lysosomes

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leukocidins and cytotoxins

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the end product of cellular respiration are

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n/a

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cell movement in response to chemical stimuli?

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chemotaxis

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a gram stain derives its name from?

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inventor

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variations of cell shape in the same genera, called pleomorphisms, are the hallmark of Mycoplasm and

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haemophilus

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Of the following lung infections what is transmitted from a bird and bat guano and go by the name of Darlings Disease

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histoplasmosis

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humans have contact with fungi wthout the fungi invading and causing myosis, except in ____ host and in cases ________________ fungi?

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immunodepressed and pathogenic

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which following disease can be self transmitted?

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candidiasis

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Mos have a preferred portal of entry N. Gonorrhea enters via

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mucous membrane

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is coagulas an exotoxin?

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no

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a bacterial ribosome is made up of 30s portion and 50s part and combined with subunits from a ____________ whole?

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70S

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which fungi occasionally produces pseudohypae?

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yeasts

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the function of mycelium is?

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hold reproduction structures

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which fungal disease is also know as thrush

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candidiasis

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endotoxins are produce by what kind of bacteria

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gram negative

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bacterial endospores function in?

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survival

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wha MO is an opportunistic fungas?

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Pneumocystis carinii

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the purpose of studying growth curves is not to study?

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human population

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array of flagella in monopolar and bipolar clusters is caled

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lophotrichous

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tetanus is caused by _______ and transmitted by ____________?

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caused by Clostridium sp. and transmitted by parenteral route

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rod shaped cels attached end to end is called?

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streptobacilli

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woolsortors disease is contracted pneumonia by inhalation of endospores and is caused by _________________?

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B. anthracisi

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neisseria gnorrhea

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gram negative, cocci bacteria

strains are resistant to penicillin

uses fimbriae/filli to attach to mucous membrane

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what can cause pneumonia

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h. influenza, n. pneumaniae and M pneumaniae

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basic cell shapes of bacteria are?

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coccus, bacillus and spiral

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Glycocalyx in bacteria prevents

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prevents phagacytosis and attachment of antibody

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flagella that surrounds the bacterium?

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peritrichous

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ringworm of the groin?

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Tinea crucis

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Subsurface hyphae that provide anchoring are called ________ and those function for nutrient absorption are called

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rhizoids, vegatative hyphae

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these observations : a positive gram reaction, cocci, a fever, chest pain, rust colored are signs of whAT?

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S. Pneumoniae

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when histoplasm, Myobacterium and rickettsias are engulfed they keep destruction at bay by the secretion of _____________factars, thus able to sustain ________________ existance

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antiphagocytic and intracellular

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microbial slime or capsule coating _____ phagocytic engulfment______ actually destroy phagocytic white blood cells

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resist and leukocidins

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binnary fission

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transduction

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_____ are ---- which cause degradation of lysosomes?

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leukocidins are cytotoxins

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Exotoxins of streptococci and staphyloccoci that target the erythrocyte membrane are known as?

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hemolysins

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free- living microbes that promote decay are ----- whereas chemoheterotrophic that derive nutrients from live hosts are -----?

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decay are saprobic. hosts are parasitic

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cell movement in response to chemical stimuli is called?

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chemotaxis

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Variations of cell shape in the same genera, called pleomorphisms, are the hallmark of Mycoplasma and?

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Haemophilus

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if a fungas has no known sex stage it is placed in?

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Deuteromycota

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Amphotericin B used to treat all of the diseases below Except?

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pneeumocystis pneumonia

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The fungi listed are generally macroscopic, with the exception of?

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yeasts

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Transduction

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Transformation

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Conjugation

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Fertility plasmid

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Natural Mechanisms of Horizontal Genetic Transfer in Bacteria

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Transposons and Transposition

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Growth Curve

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The term that describes fungi that are able to switch from unicellular to filamentous forms is ___.

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dimorphic

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Bacterial cytoplasm maybe enclosed by a cell envelope comprised of these layers:

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Correct Answer:
Correct glycocalyx, capsule & cell wall

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Damage to human host cells by bacteria can be

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Bacteria growth in host cell and phases of Bacteria

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comparison of Aerobic, Anaerobic respiration and fermentation

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Aerobic respiration stages

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Glycolysis stage of aerobic respiration

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stage of Aerobic resp. electron transport and chemiosmosis

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Krebs Cycle aerobic resp.

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Fermentation

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Pathogens that assume intracellular life within phagocytic white blood cells are all of these EXCEPT

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Correct Answer:
Correct resident microflora

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example of a superficial mycosis is

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Correct Answer:
Correct candidiasis,

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Dimorphic fungi are

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37 degrees and pathogenic

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A remarkable type of bacteria called chemoautotrophs (lithoautotrophs):

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needs no organic substance, grown in organic and requires no sunlight

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chemical reactions

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anabolic, sometimes release ATP and require enzymes

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The bacterial flagellum consists of :

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filament, hook and basal body

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Damage to human host cells by bacteria can be

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caused by growth of Bacteria. exotoxins and endotoxins

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MOs have a preferred portal of entry. Clostridium tetani enters via the

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Correct Answer:
Correct parenteral

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Transposons are responsible for changes in:

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Correct Answer:
Correct gene loci

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The organism that causes Valley Fever and can be found in salty arid hot climates is

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Correct Answer:
Correct d. Coccidioides immitis

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Bacteria can be identified by

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Microbes that capitalize on solar energy for biosynthesis are called __.

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phototroph

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A parasitic fungus is

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Correct Answer:
Correct a fungus that lives off the living tissue of the host.

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The embodiment of an organism's entire genetic composition is its:

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Correct Answer:
Correct genome

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An organism that uses organic sources for both energy and carbon is called

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Correct Answer:
Correct chemoheterotroph

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Peptidoglycan
Correct Answer:

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Correct consist of two proteins NAG & NAM.

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Which of the following terms is applied to the collective, criss-crossed network of vegetative hyphae?

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Correct Answer:
Correct mycelia

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Autotrophs synthesize their own organic molecules from __ and carbonates.

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Correct Answer:
Correct CO2

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Cell membrane functions include all EXCEPT
Correct Answer:

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Correct maintain cell shape

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Which of the following is true for Mycoplasmas?

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Correct Has sterols in its cell membrane.