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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is most common viral cause of acute diarrhea?
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Rotavirus
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What is the most deadly sequel of diarrhea?
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Dehydration
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What is the gold standard for assessing dehydration?
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Weight loss.
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Categorize severity of diarrhea based on percent weight loss.
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5% = mild (decreased tears etc)
10% = moderate (sunken eyes, decreased urine, sunken fontanelle) 15% = severe (shock abnormal vitals) Compare to adult: 3, 6, 9% |
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Treatment for Diarrhea
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Water, 'lytes, ORT
Limit intake if vomiting Limit complicating foods, e.g milk and fibre Drugs: rarely use; will only stop contraction and hide signs of diarrhea Vaccines: rotavirus |
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Is diarrhea more common in boys or girls?
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Boys
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Constipation: Cause
1) Decreased motility |
1) Hypothyroidism, Hirschprung's, Hypercalcemia
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Constipation: Cause
2) Distal Colonic Retention (more common) |
2) Dehydration, malnutrition, poor fibre intake
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Constipation: Cause
3) Problems with defecation |
3) Voluntary, muscle / nerve, outlet obstruction
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Constipation: Tx
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To disimpact: enema, suppository
Maintenance: diet, softeners (lactulose, oil, etc) Behavioural: routine, praise |
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Sinusitis
What is order of formation of each sinus? |
Birth: ethmoid, maxillary
5 yrs: spenoid 7-13 years: frontal |
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What is the temporal range of acute, subacute, and chronic bacterial sinusitis?
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Acute: < 30 days
Subacute: 30-90 days Chronic: > 90 days |
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Is yellow discharge indicative of bacterial sinusitis?
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No. May be neither sinusitis nor bacterial infection.
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AAP Dx Criteria for Acute Bacterial Sinusitis
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10 - 14 (up to 30) days, nasal d/c and daytime cough
Severe: fever 39, prulent d/c 3-4 days, child sick but not toxic |
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Is imaging necessary?
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Not in child under 6. CTs have a lot of radiation.
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What drugs should you use for acute bacterial sinusitis?
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Use same Abx as for OM. Do not use decongestants, antihistamines etc.
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