Week 3 Pbd Digestion And Absorption (2Nd Lecture)

Front 1

glucose, frutose and galactose are all ___

Back 1

monosaccharides

Front 2

sucrose maltose and lactose are all ____

Back 2

disaccharides

Front 3

startches are mono or poly saccharides?

Back 3

polysaccharides

Front 4

what is a plant starch that is a major source of carbohydrates, (make up 70-80% of starches)contain linear branched glucose polymers and is easily digested?

Back 4

amylopectin

Front 5

_____-20-30% of starches, contain linear glucose polymers, prone to to form resistant starch (not easily digested)

Back 5

amylose

Front 6

what type of carbohydrate is a non-starchy polysaccharides, cellulose in human diet, and humans cannot digest

Back 6

dietary fiber

Front 7

the digestion of carbs occurs by a process called?

Back 7

hydrolysis

Front 8

carbs in diet exist as __ or ___

Back 8

polysaccharides or diasaccarides

Front 9

monosaccharides bind to each other by __-

Back 9

condensation

Front 10

saliva contaings what that hydrolyzes starch into maltose and glucose?

Back 10

alpha amylase

Front 11

__% of starch is hydrolyzed in the mouth

Back 11

5%

Front 12

digestion of carbs in the stomach:

30-40% of starch is hydrolyzed to ___

Back 12

maltose

Front 13

digestion of carbs in the stomach:

salivary amylase is active or inactive at low pH

Back 13

inactive

Front 14

digestion of carbs in the small intestine:

____ amylase is identical in funtion to salivary amylase

Back 14

pancreatic

Front 15

digestion of carbs in the small intestine:

which is more powerful, pancreatic or salivary amylase

Back 15

pancreatic

Front 16

digestion of carbs in the small intestine:

amost complete digestion within __-___ minutes after chyme empties into the duodenum

Back 16

15-30 minutes

Front 17

digestion of carbs in the small intestine:

digestion products are ___ and/or __

Back 17

maltose and/or glucose polymers

Front 18

digestion of maltose and glucose polymers:

intetinal epithelial enzymes:
_____-lining the microvilli brush border

Back 18

enterocytes

Front 19

digestion of maltose and glucose polymers:

intetinal epithelial enzymes:
wat are the 4 enzymes secreted by enterocytes in the lining of the microvilli brush border

Back 19

lactase, sucrase, maltase, alpha-dextrinase

Front 20

Digestion of maltose and glucose polymers in small intestine:

maltose and glucose polymer broken down into glucose by what enzyme?

Back 20

maltase and alpha-dextrinase

Front 21

Digestion of maltose and glucose polymers in small intestine:

when lactose is attacked by the enzyme lactase, lactose is broken down into ___ and ___

Back 21

glucose and galactose

Front 22

Digestion of maltose and glucose polymers in small intestine:

sucrose is broken down into ___ and ___ by the enzyme sucrase

Back 22

fructose and glucose

Front 23

Digestion of maltose and glucose polymers in small intestine:

is absorbed into ___

Back 23

portal duct (blood)

(not the thoracic duct like fat)

Front 24

absorption of glucose

Na enters via a cotransporter with ___

Back 24

glucose

Front 25

___ has a cotransport process but not Na/Gulcose

Back 25

frutose

frutose goes into the cell and phosphorylated and become glucose, passes through the basolateral membrane and is absorbed

Front 26

absorption of glucose:

secondary active transport relies on __ gradient

Back 26

Na

Front 27

digestion of proteins:

occurs via a process called?

Back 27

hydrolysis

Front 28

digestion of proteins:

proteins exist as multiple ___ bound by __ linkages

Back 28

amino acids bound by peptide linkages

Front 29

digestion of proteins in the stomach:

what cells release pepsinogen which is converted to pepsin?

Back 29

cheif cells

Front 30

digestion of proteins in the stomach:

at what pH is pepsin active?

Back 30

pH of 2-3

Front 31

digestion of proteins in the stomach:

in the stomach, pepsin only digest __ -___% of dietary protein

Back 31

10-20 %

really only
amino acids and small peptides, and collagen are digested

Front 32

digestion of proteins in the small intestine:

name the 4 proteolytic enzymes from pancreatic secretion:

Back 32

Trypsin and chymotrypsin

(split proteins into small polypeptides)

carboxypolypeptidase

(cleaves individual amino acids from the carboxyl ends of the polypeptide)

elastase

(digest elastin fibers that hold meats together)

Front 33

digestion of proteins in the small intestine:

what is the enzyme that cleaves individual amino acids from the carboxyl ends of the polypeptide

Back 33

carboxypolypeptidase

Front 34

digestion of proteins in the small intestine:

what two enzymes split protein into small polypeptides?

Back 34

trypsin and chymotrypsin

Front 35

digestion of peptides in the enterocytes:

what are two types of peptidases?

Back 35

aminopolypeptidase and dipeptidase

Front 36

digestion of peptides in the enterocytes:

what three types of peptides are transported into the cell

Back 36

tripeptides, dipeptides, and amino acids are transported into the cell

Front 37

99% of digested protein products are ___

Back 37

amino acids

Front 38

absorption of proteins:

proteins are absorped as __,__, and __

Back 38

dipeptides, tripeptides and amino acids

Front 39

absorption of proteins:

absorbed with ___ cotransport mechanism

Back 39

Na

like carbohydrate absorption (sodium cotransport mechanism) bur the transporters are specific for amino acids and there are 5 of them

Front 40

Digestion of fats:

__ and __ emulsify fats

Back 40

lecthin and bile acids

Front 41

digestion of fats:

bile acids accelerate fat digestion by forming ___

Back 41

micells

micells transport digested fat products to brush border of intestinal epithelial cells

Front 42

micells transport digested fat products to ____of intestinal epithelial cells

Back 42

brush border

Front 43

___ transport digested fat products to brush border of intestinal epithelial cells

Back 43

micells

Front 44

Digestion of fat:

types of fat in the diet:

__, ___, __

Back 44

triglycerides, cholesterol,

cholesterol esters and phospholipids

Front 45

Digestion of fat:

types of fat in the diet:

what is the must abundant fat in the diet

Back 45

triglycerides

Front 46

Digestion of fat:

types of fat in the diet:

what fat contains fatty acids?

Back 46

cholesterol esters and phospholipids

Front 47

Digestion of fat:

types of fat in the diet:

what type of fat consists of glycerol nucleus and three fatty acid side chains

Back 47

triglycerides

Front 48

Digestion of fat:

types of fat in the diet:

what type of fat does not contain fatty acids?

Back 48

cholesterol

it is a sterol compound with no fatty acid

derived from fat
metabolized similiarly to fats

Front 49

digestion of fats in the intestine:

a large amount of fat is digested by lingual lipase secreted in saliva

t/f

Back 49

false, a small amount of fat is digested by lingual lipase secreted by the saliva

Front 50

digestion of fats inthe intestine:

emulsification of fats begins in the ___ and most occurs in the ___

Back 50

stomach duodenum

Front 51

___ and ___ emulsify fats

Back 51

lecithin and bile acids

decrease interfacial tension of fat
allow breakdown by agitation
increase surface area

Front 52

lecithin and bile acids emulsify fats:

they increase interfacial tension of fat

t/f

Back 52

false
they decrease interfacial tension of fat

Front 53

lecithin and bile acids emulsify fats:

they increase the surface area of fat

T/F

Back 53

true