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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four 'domains' of child development? |
Gross motor, fine motor and vision, speech and language and finally social, emotional and behavioral |
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How old should an infant be before it can sit without support |
Approximately 6 months for round back, 8 months for straight back |
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At what age should an infant be crawling |
8-9 months |
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At what age should an infant be walking by? |
12 months, it will be unsteady, broad with hands apart 18 months for a good confident walk |
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Fine motor and vision should allow toy transfer from one hand to the other at what age? |
6 months |
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At what age should an infant be able to scribble with a pencil? |
14 months, |
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At what age should an infant be able to draw a circle? |
3 years |
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At what age should a pincer grasp be mastered by? |
9-10 months |
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At what age does basic cooing and laughing occur? |
3 months |
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At what age does basic language begin to develop (mama/dada/bink) |
12 months |
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At what age do simple phrases develop? |
20-24 months, constant talking at 2-3 years |
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At what age should an infant respond to a smile? |
6 weeks |
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At what age should an infant wave bye-bye or play peek-a-boo? |
10 months |
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At what age does interactive play develop? |
3 months |
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At what age should you be concerned by inability to do the following -unable to reach for objects -unable to sit unsupported -unable to walk unaided |
-unable to reach for objects (6 months) -unable to sit unsupported (9 months) -unable to walk unaided (18 months) |
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At what IQ is someone considered to have a severe learning disability |
IQ of 40 and below |
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What medical condition most commonly occurs in those who have a learning disability? |
Sight, low visual acuity |
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What is the definition of spastic cerebral palsy? |
Increased tone, pathological reflexes (hyper-reflexia and babinski reflex) resulting in abnormal movement and posture patterns |
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What is the definition of dyskinetic cerebral palsy? |
Involuntary, uncontrolled, recurring, occasionally stereotyped movements with primitive reflex patterns and varying muscle tone |
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What is the definition of ataxic cerebral palsy? |
Loss of orderly muscular condition creating abnormal muscle force with abnormal rhythm and accuracy |
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Which form of cerebral palsy is the most common? |
Spastic cerebral palsy |
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Level 5 on the Gross Motor Function Classification System correlates to what function level? |
Transported in a manual wheelchair, no functional level |
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How many patients with cerebral palsy suffer from epilepsy? |
20% |
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What are the 5 known causes of cerebral palsy? |
Prenatal maternal iodine deficiency, kernicterus, rare genetic and metabolic causes, severe late asphyxia and athetosis and finally post-natal insults |
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What pathways are commonly associated with cerebral palsy? |
Early pregnancy, preterm birth, perinatal asphyxia, multiple pregnancy and intra-uterine growth restriction |
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Which neonatal MRI brain finding is commonly associated with cerebral palsy development? |
Periventricular Leukomalacia |
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Which score, when low in the newly born, suggests an increased risk of cerebral palsy? |
APGAR score |
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Which high-risk patients should be closely monitored for cerebral palsy development? |
Very low birth weight infants and severely asphyxiated infants |
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What symptoms suggest the development of cerebral palsy? |
Failure to thrive, abnormal gait, reduced movements, persistent primitive reflexes, abnormal posturing, feeding difficulty and irritability |
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What are the diagnostic criteria for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder? |
DSM-V |
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What are the 3 different types of ADHD? |
- Combined - Inattentive - Hyperactive |
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How should ADHD be treated and at what ages can each treatment be commenced? |
re-uptake inhibitors of Dopamine and Nor-adrenaline from 4y - Methylphenidate from 6y - Dexamfetamine Over 6y - Atomoxetine |
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What are the common side-effects of Methylphenidate? |
Increase in BP and HR, loss of appetite, insomnia, headaches and mood swings |
