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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define bacteremia
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presence of bacteria in the blood
(any organism can be hematogenous, but may / may not cause disease) |
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Define sepsis syndrome
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Severe systemic illness with hemodynamic derangements and organ malfunction due to the interaction of microbial products and host inflammatory cells.
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What are the steps in the progression of sepsis?
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1) SIRS: systemic inflammatory response syndrome (pretty nonspecific)
2) Sepsis = SIRS + confirmed infection (grow bugs from the blood) 3) Severe sepsis = SIRS + hypotension (corrected by IV fluids) 4) Septic Shock = SIRS + persistent hypotension 5) Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome = SIRS + persistent hypotension+ organ dysfunction + lactic acidosis (usually death) |
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What components of gram neg. and gram positive bacteria are important in the development of sepsis?
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Gram neg. = LPS (endotoxin)
Gram pos. = lipoteichoic acid |
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What host components play a role in the physiologic changes in sepsis?
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- TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6 (cytokines)
- Leaky endothelium leads to decreased SVR and decreased BP |
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Symptoms and signs of septic shock
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- fever, chills, confusion, restlessness
- fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, confused, low bp, disseminated intervascular coagulation (manifestation of clotting in extremities) |
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How do you treat septic shock?
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- physiologic support is MOST IMPORTANT!!!
- need to maintain bp and give fluids - then would attack microbes with vancomycin, zosyn (broad-spectrum, high dose, IV) |
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What infections are a risk for healthy hosts that might cause sepsis?
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- meningococcemia
- group a strep. - s. aureus - plague - viral hemorrhagic fevers |
