Week 2 Part 2 Comprehensive Radiology Review

Front 1

Protective or "reverse" isolation is required in which of the following conditions?
1. Tuberculosis
2. Burns
3. Leukemia

Back 1

2 and 3 only

Front 2

When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on an infant, it is required that the number of compressions per minute, compared to that for an adult,
A.
remain the same.
B.
double.
C.
decrease.
D.
increase.

Back 2

A.
remain the same.

Front 3

In reviewing a patient's blood chemistry, which of the following blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ranges is considered normal?
A.
0.6 to 1.5 mg/100 mL
B.
4.5 to 6 mg/100 mL
C.
8 to 25 mg/100 mL
D.
Up to 50 mg/100 mL

Back 3

8 to 25 mg/100 mL

Front 4

The condition that allows blood to shunt between the right and left ventricles is called
A.
patent ductus arteriosus.
B.
coarctation of the aorta.
C.
atrial septal defect.
D.
ventricular septal defect.

Back 4

D.
ventricular septal defect.

Front 5

The radiographer must perform which of the following procedures prior to entering a contact isolation room with a mobile x-ray unit?
1. Put on gown and gloves only.
2. Put on gown, gloves, mask, and cap.
3. Clean the mobile x-ray unit.

Back 5

1 only

Front 6

Chemical substances that are used to kill pathogenic bacteria are called
1. antiseptics.
2. germicides.
3. disinfectants.

Back 6

2 and 3 only

Front 7

All of the following rules regarding proper hand washing technique are correct except
A.
keep hands and forearms lower than elbows.
B.
use paper towels to turn water on.
C.
avoid using hand lotions whenever possible.
D.
carefully wash all surfaces and between fingers.

Back 7

C.
avoid using hand lotions whenever possible.

Front 8

Of the four stages of infection, which is the stage during which the infection is most communicable?
A.
Latent period
B.
Incubation period
C.
Disease phase
D.
Convalescent phase

Back 8

C.
Disease phase

Front 9

Forms of intentional misconduct include
1. slander.
2. invasion of privacy.
3. negligence.

Back 9

1&2

Front 10

A cathartic is used to
A.
induce vomiting.
B.
stimulate defecation.
C.
promote elimination of urine.
D.
inhibit coughing.

Back 10

stimulate defecation.

Front 11

Accurate operation of the AEC device is dependent on
1. the thickness and density of the object.
2. positioning of the object with respect to the photocell.
3. beam restriction.

Back 11

2 and 3 only

Front 12

If exposure factors of 85 kVp, 400 mA, and 0.12 second yield an output exposure of 150 mR, what is the mR/mAs?
A.
0.32
B.
3.1
C.
17.6
D.
31

Back 12

B.
3.1

Front 13

Use of a portion of the input phosphor during fluoroscopy, rather than the entire input phosphor, will result in

1. a larger field of view (FOV).

2. a magnified image.

3. improved spatial resolution.

Back 13

2 and 3 only

Front 14

The advantages of capacitor discharge mobile x-ray equipment include
1. compact size.
2. light weight.
3. high kVp capability.

Back 14

1 and 2 only

Front 15

Radiographs from a particular single-phase, full-wave-rectified x-ray unit were overexposed, using known correct exposures. A spinning top test was performed at 200 mA, 0.05-second, and 70 kVp, and eight dots were visualized on the finished film. Which of the following is indicated?
A.
The 0.05-second time station is inaccurate.
B.
The 200-mA station is inaccurate.
C.
A rectifier is not functioning.
D.
The processor needs servicing.

Back 15

A.
The 0.05-second time station is inaccurate.

Front 16

As the image intensifier's FOV is reduced, how is the resulting image affected?
1. Magnification increases
2. Brightness decreases
3. Quality increases

Back 16

1, 2, and 3

Front 17

Using a multifield image intensifier tube, which of the following input phosphor diameters will provide the best spatial resolution?
A.
35 cm
B.
25 cm
C.
17 cm
D.
12 cm

Back 17

D.
12 cm

Front 18

Which of the following devices is (are) component(s) of a typical fluoroscopic video display system?
1. Videotape recorder
2. TV camera
3. TV monitor

Back 18

2 and 3 onlyEXPLANATION: The image on the image intensifier's output phosphor may be displayed for viewing through the use of either a series of lenses or a fiberoptic link. The two devices needed to view the image are a TV camera tube and a TV monitor. The TV camera tube (usually a Plumbicon or Vidicon) converts the output phosphor image into an electrical signal. The TV monitor (a cathode-ray tube) then converts the electrical signal into a visible light image. (Thompson et al, p. 370)

Front 19

What is the device that directs the light emitted from the image intensifier to various viewing and imaging apparatus?
A.
Output phosphor
B.
Beam splitter
C.
Spot film changer
D.
Automatic brightness control

Back 19

B.
Beam splitter

Front 20

Capacitor discharge mobile x-ray units
1. use a grid-controlled x-ray tube.
2. are typically charged before the day's work.
3. provide a direct current output.

Back 20

1 and 3 only

Front 21

Typical examples of digital imaging include
1. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
2. computed tomography (CT).
3. pluridirectional tomography.

Back 21

1 and 2 only

Front 22

A three-phase timer can be tested for accuracy using a synchronous spinning top. The resulting image looks like a
A.
series of dots or dashes, each representative of a radiation pulse.
B.
solid arc, with the angle (in degrees) representative of the exposure time.
C.
series of gray tones, from white to black.
D.
multitude of small, meshlike squares of uniform sharpness.

Back 22

B
EXPLANATION: When a spinning top is used to test the efficiency of a single-phase timer, the result is a series of dots or dashes, with each representing a pulse of radiation. With full-wave-rectified current and a possible 120 dots (pulses) available per second, one should visualize 12 dots at 1/10 second, 24 dots at 1/5 second, 6 dots at 1/20 second, and so on. However, because three-phase equipment is at almost constant potential, a synchronous spinning top must be used, and the result is a solid arc (rather than dots). The number of degrees taken up by the arc is measured and equated to a particular exposure time. A multitude of small, meshlike squares describes a screen contact test. An aluminum step wedge (penetrometer) may be used to demonstrate the effect of kVp on contrast (demonstrating a series of gray tones from white to black), with a greater number of grays demonstrated at higher kVp levels. (Selman, 9th ed., p. 106)

Front 23

The total number of x-ray photons produced at the target is contingent on the
1. tube current.
2. target material.
3. square of the kilovoltage.

Back 23

1, 2, and 3

Front 24

A device used to ensure reproducible radiographs, regardless of tissue density variations, is the
A.
phototimer.
B.
penetrometer.
C.
grid.
D.
rare earth screen.

Back 24

A.
phototimer.

Front 25

The advantages of capacitor discharge mobile x-ray equipment include
1. compact size.
2. light weight.
3. high kVp capability.

Back 25

1 and 2 only

Front 26

The line focus principle refers to the fact that
A.
the actual focal spot is larger than the effective focal spot.
B.
the effective focal spot is larger than the actual focal spot.
C.
x-rays travel in straight lines.
D.
x-rays cannot be focused.

Back 26

A.
the actual focal spot is larger than the effective focal spot.

Front 27

In which of the following portions of the x-ray circuit is a step-down transformer located?
A.
High-voltage side
B.
Filament circuit
C.
Rectification system
D.
Secondary side

Back 27

B.
Filament circuit

Front 28

A light-absorbing dye is frequently incorporated during the manufacture of screens to
A.
reduce the diffusion of fluorescent light.
B.
decrease film contrast.
C.
increase screen speed.
D.
increase the useful life of the screen.

Back 28

A

Front 29

If the distance from the focal spot to the center of the collimator's mirror is 6 inches, what distance should the illuminator's light bulb be from the center of the mirror?
A.
3 inches
B.
6 inches
C.
9 inches
D.
12 inches

Back 29

B.
6 inches