Week 2 (Japan: The Jomon Period Through The Kofun Period; Korea)

Front 1

Shinto

Back 1

"shin"=Devine "dao"=way

(Sacred Way, Way of the Gods)

Front 2

Shinto Religion Preserves

Back 2

taste for art forms reflecting ancient rural Japanese traditions

ideals of rusticity/simplicity/humility

nostalgia for distant past

Front 3

k

Back 3

k

Front 4

Introduction to Buddhism in Japan

Back 4

trickled into Japan for centuries

took root in 6th century

Koreans began sending Buddhist art to Japanese imperial court

Front 5

First Imported Version of Buddhism

Back 5

highly ritualized state oriented status symbol for country's leaders

not popular throughout country

Front 6

Esoteric Buddhism

Back 6

second elitist form of Buddhism

arrived during Heian Period (784-1185)

(Mikkyo in Japanese)

from northern India, Nepal and Tibet

placed high value on mandalas

Front 7

Jodo Buddhism Arrival

Back 7

Pure Land Buddhism

highly evangelical movement

arrived in Japan and became widespread

Front 8

Jodo Buddhism

Back 8

to enter paradise devotee must call out the name of the Buddha

"Amida" in Japanese

Front 9

Buddhism and Shintoism

Back 9

Buddhism never replaced Shintoism

many Japanese combine elements of the belief systems

Front 10

Ninth Century Closing of Japans Borders

Back 10

Japanese leaders felt need to separate art/culture from mainland

wanted to develop distinct Japanese style

Front 11

Effects of Closing Borders

Back 11

new Japanese forms of Buddhism

new courtly styles of art

new social order

emperors lost most of their power to daimyo and shoguns

Front 12

Daimyo and Shoguns

Back 12

secular leaders

stood at apex of complex feudal society

many new forms of art were designed for non-royal tastes of Shoguns, subordinates+military

Front 13

Zen Buddhism

Back 13

12th Century Chan Buddhism arrived from China

sought enlightenment through silent meditation

supported two pillars of wisdom

Front 14

Zen Buddhism Two Pillars of Wisdom

Back 14

Transcendental naturalism and spontaneous intuition

Front 15

Transcendental Naturalism

Back 15

we are one with the cosmos

artists should not attempt to portray nature but become one with it

Front 16

Spontaneous Intuition

Back 16

we cannot express oneness by rational means

we must allow our intuitions free reign

Front 17

Zen Buddhism in the Arts

Back 17

philosophy favored painting over sculpture

painters using limited black ink could make few quick strokes

complete work in sudden moments of inspiration

keeping with Zen ideals

Front 18

Zen Buddhism in Literature

Back 18

contributed to:
31 syllable tanka
17 syllable haiku

In drama: inspired Noh theater

Front 19

Zen Buddhism and the Samuri

Back 19

emphasis on discipline

concentration of ones energies into compact explosive actions

elite class of highly trained warriors

served shoguns

Front 20

17th Century Closing of Japans Borders

Back 20

after reopen in 19th century:

made effort to take what they could from the world around them

still preserving elements of ancient tradition

Front 21

4 Basic Ideas in Japanese Visual Arts

Back 21

1) suggestion: that which is not shown but understood

2) perishability, fleeting nature of existence (tragic)

3) irregularity,accidental or natural look

4) apparent simplicity, belies true complexity

Front 22

Jomon Period

Back 22

"cord markings"

earliest inhabitants of Japan

arrived by land 30,000 BCE

some of oldest known ceramics come from Joman sites

Front 23

Early Joman Pottery

Back 23

made by pre-agricultural people

as early as 12,000 BCE

Front 24

Joman Pottery Vessel

Back 24

made using coiling technique

decorated by pressing more ropes of clay on when wet

most of pottery was made by women

Front 25

no

Back 25

no