Week 1 Lecture 1 (Psy 314 Behavioral Neuroscience)

Front 1

What is Physiological Psychology

Back 1

The relationship between the brain and behavior.

Front 2

True or False:

Now that you are an adult you are losing neurons constantly and they don't grow back at all?

Back 2

False

Front 3

True or False:

The human brain has approx 100 billion neurons

Back 3

True

Front 4

True or False:

The adult cerebral cortex is 77% of the total brain volume

Back 4

True

Front 5

True or False:

You only use 10% of your brain.

Back 5

False

Front 6

Galen

Back 6

1. Concluded that sensory nerves all entered the brain.

2. Agreed with Plato who believed the brain was the seat of mental processes.

Front 7

Descartes

Back 7

First to propose a theory about mind/body interactions,

Dualist

Believes in innate ideas

Front 8

John Locke

Back 8

Tabula Rasa

Rejects innate ideas.

Front 9

Darwin

Back 9

Characteristics have a functional significance

Adaptive behaviors are not inherited but the brain that carries out these behaviors is inherited.

Functionalism

Front 10

Functionalism

Back 10

Characteristics of living organisms perform useful functions.

Front 11

Phreneology

Back 11

Gall (1808) - the shape of the skull reveals a persons mental functions & character traits

Front 12

Phineas Gage

Back 12

brain damage that led to personality change with no change in intellectual ability.

Front 13

Broca

Back 13

discovered patients with damage to a particular area of the brain have language problems.

Front 14

Physiological Psychologists

Back 14

1. Descartes

2. Muller

3. Helmholtz

Front 15

Behavior Neuroscience

Back 15

the branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and the brain.

Front 16

Natural Selection

Back 16

Characteristic becomes more prevalent in a population

Front 17

Evolution

Back 17

a gradual change in the structure and physiology of plant and animal species as a result of natural selection.

Front 18

Evolution of Larger Brains

Back 18

1. Humans have very large brains when brain size is considered in relation to body size.

2. Humans have the most neocortex in relation to brain size.

Front 19

Evolution (Brain)

Back 19

Influences the genes that are inherited that lead to the development of the nervous system,

Front 20

Genetics (Brain)

Back 20

1. Gives us a nervous system

2. Governs Behaviors

3. Gives us predispositions,

Front 21

Environment (Brain)

Back 21

Predispositions can alter how different individuals react to their environment.

Front 22

Biology of Behavior Diagram

Back 22

Will This be on the Test

Slide # 26

Front 23

Empiricism

Back 23

information through observation

Front 24

Observation

Back 24

Naturalistic, case study, survey, experimental

Objective

Front 25

Experimental Method Manipulation

Back 25

Researcher manipulates an independent variable and this IV is expected to affect behavior.

Front 26

Experimental Method Measures

Back 26

Research measures the dependent variable (DV) which serves to measure the effect of the IV on behavior.

Causality.

Front 27

Hypothesis

Back 27

a statement about the expected relationship between two or more variables

Front 28

Theory

Back 28

integrates and interprets diverse observations in an attempt to explain some phenomena.

Front 29

Chromosomes

Back 29

contain DNA and are situated in the nucleus of a cell.

Front 30

Genes

Back 30

Segments of DNA, that make proteins to determine our development

Front 31

Cells can perform different biological function

Back 31

Selective Expression of DNA/Synthesis of Protein

Front 32

Protein

Back 32

The functional unit of Biology

Front 33

Neurons are distinguishable by the

Back 33

proteins they make.

Front 34

Twin Studies

Back 34

a method for examining the influence of heredity of a particular trait

Front 35

Adoption Studies

Back 35

Another method to examine the heritability of a trait