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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plant Growth Regulators (dinitroanilines) - example herbicides |
2,4-D |
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Plant Growth Regulators (dinitroanilines) - site and action |
unknown site of action (T1R1 auxin receptors) |
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Plant Growth Regulators (dinitroanilines) - symptoms |
growth and reproduction abnormalities broadleaves twist and bend (epinasty) stems swell and split grasses have brittle stems (leaf-rolling) |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, microtubule - example |
trifluralin |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, microtubule - killing action |
stops cells from dividing and elongating inhibits mitosis |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, microtubule - site and action |
binds protein 'tubulin' then pulls chromosomes apart during cell division |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, microtubule - symptoms
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grasses stunted with swollen coleoptile BL with swollen hypocotyl short, stunted secondary roots |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, acetamides (root and shoot inhibitors) - example |
Alachlor (Lasso) |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, acetamides (root and shoot inhibitors) - site and action |
uncertain, very long chain fatty acid inhibitors |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, acetamides (root and shoot inhibitors) - symptoms |
new shoots fail to emerge from coleoptile whorl grass species "buggy-whipping" BL have "drawsting" stunted |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, carbomothioates (seedling shoot inhibitors) - example |
EPTC |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, carbomothioates (seedling shoot inhibitors) - killing |
inhibits shoot elongation |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, carbomothioates (seedling shoot inhibitors) - site and action |
uncertain, lipid synthesis inhibitors |
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2. Seedling Growth Inhibitors, carbomothioates (seedling shoot inhibitors) - symptoms |
new shoots fail to emerge from coleoptile whorl grasses "buggy whipping" BL have "drawstring" stunted |
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3. photosynthetic inhibitors, PSII inhibitors - example |
atrazine |
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3. photosynthetic inhibitors, PSII inhibitors site and action |
in chloroplast, herbicide binds to D-1 quinone |
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3. photosynthetic inhibitors, PSII inhibitors - symptoms |
interveinal chlorosis, followed by necrosis starts along leaf margins, mobile move inwards non-mobile limited to contact |
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3. photosynthetic inhibitors, cell membrane disruptors - example |
diquat and paraquat |
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3. photosynthetic inhibitors, cell membrane disruptors - site and action |
activated by PSI, eventually hydroxyl radicals collapse cells and leak contents |
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3. photosynthetic inhibitors, cell membrane disruptors - symptoms |
1-2 hours after application foliage has water-soaked appearance followed by necrosis at contact spot |
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4. cell membrane disruptors - example |
carfentrazone |
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4. cell membrane disruptors - site and action |
PPO-inhibitors buildup of highly reactive oxygen rupturing cell membranes causing leakage |
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4. cell membrane disruptors - symptoms |
leaves turn yellow, then brown, then die reddish-colored spotting or bronzing crop oils will help |
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5. ALS-inhibitors - example |
4 categories including sulfonamides |
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5. ALS-inhibitors - site and action
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binds to chloroplast enzyme ALS unique enzyme that synthesizes AA |
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5. ALS-inhibitors - symptoms |
injury not apparent until severl days after stunting, chlorosis, banding on G, purpling of veins, root pruning, gradual death |
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5b. EPSP synthase inhibitor - example |
glyphosate |
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5b. EPSP synthase inhibitor - site and action |
binds to chloroplast enzyme EPSP synthase stops production of aromatic AA |
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5b. EPSP synthase inhibitor - symptoms |
slow acting, death at 7-10 days stunting, discoloration, slow plant death deteriorates roots, rhizomes, buds |
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5c. glutamine synthetase (GS) inhibitors - example |
glufosinate |
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5c. glutamine synthetase (GS) inhibitors - site and action |
inhibits activity of GS enzyme, blocking ammonia damage due to reduced amino acid production |
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5c. glutamine synthetase (GS) inhibitors symptoms |
foliar burn within hours chlorosis and wilting in 5 days, necrosis in 2 weeks rapid with bright sunlight, high humidity, moist soil |
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6. lipid synthesis (ACCase) inhibitors - example
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clethodim |
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6. lipid synthesis (ACCase) inhibitors - killing action |
formation of fatty acids prevented |
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6. lipid synthesis (ACCase) inhibitors - site and action |
binds to ACCase, involved in synthesis of lipids |
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6. lipid synthesis (ACCase) inhibitors - symptoms |
7-14 days for development new leaves emerging from whorl grasses purple then brown separate whorl from rest of plant
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7. pigment synthesis inhibitors - example |
3 kinds including isoxaflutole |
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7. pigment synthesis inhibitors - killing action |
interfere with pigment production chlorophyll destroyed, foliage turns white |
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7. pigment synthesis inhibitors - site and action |
inhibits pigments in chloroplasts |
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7. pigment synthesis inhibitors - symptoms |
seedlings emerge bleached sensitive plants turn white cannot photosynthesize, turn brown and die |
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8. cell wall synthesis inhibitors - example
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isoxaben |
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8. cell wall synthesis inhibitors - site and action |
not clear, inhibits cellulose synthesis no cell wall formation, no new cells formed |
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8. cell wall synthesis inhibitors - symptoms |
no emergence of susceptible BL acts on growing points of roots and shoots stunting, reduced root growth, root clubbing |
