Weathering And Soil

Front 1

What are the different types of soil

Back 1

Sandy soil, slit soil, clay soil, low loamy soil

Front 2

Why are earthworm so important for soil

Back 2

Earth worms increase soil aeration, infiltration, structure, nutrient cycling, water movement and plant growth

Front 3

What are some examples of organisms that live in soil

Back 3

Bacteria, mites, nematodes

Front 4

Loose, weather in material on earth surface and which plants can grow

Back 4

Soil

Front 5

What is soil made of

Back 5

Mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, water, and air

Front 6

That’s all the layer of rock beneath the soil

Back 6

Bed rock

Front 7

Once exposed to the surface what gradually weathers into smaller and smaller particles that are the basic material of soil

Back 7

Bedrock

Front 8

What causes bedrock to become exposed at the surface

Back 8

Weathering and erosion

Front 9

What are some examples of materials that come from weathered bed rock

Back 9

Sand, salt, and Clay

Front 10

What else makes up soil besides weather bed rock

Back 10

Decayed organic material called humus

Front 11

What does hummus form from

Back 11

It forms as plant and animal remains to K

Front 12

What helps create spaces in soil for air and water and also contains nutrients that plants needs

Back 12

Humus

Front 13

What is meant by soil fertility

Back 13

The fertility of soil is a measure of how well the soil supports plant growth

Front 14

Soil texture is important for what

Back 14

Plant growth

Front 15

Soil that is made up of equal parts of clay, sand, and silt is called what

Back 15

Loam

Front 16

What is the best soil for growing most plants

Back 16

Loam

Front 17

A substance with a pH less than four is strongly what

Back 17

Acidic

Front 18

A substance with a pH of seven is what

Back 18

Neither acidic nor basic

Front 19

Exception to the pH greater than 10 is strongly what

Back 19

Basic

Front 20

Most garden plants grow best and soy with a pH between what?

Back 20

6 and 7.5

Front 21

What forms as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface

Back 21

Soil

Front 22

What forms constantly as bedrock weathers and continues over a long period of time

Back 22

Soil

Front 23

Soil develops layers called what

Back 23

Horizons

Front 24

What forms as bedrock begins to weather and break up into small particles

Back 24

C horizon

Front 25

What is made up of topsoil

Back 25

A horizon

Front 26

A crumbly dark brown soil that is a mixture of hummus, Clay and other materials

Back 26

Topsoil

Front 27

What forms as plants at organic material to the soil and plant roots weather pieces of rock

Back 27

Topsoil

Front 28

What is often called subsoil

Back 28

B horizon

Front 29

What consist of Clay and other particles of rock but little hummus

Back 29

B Horizon

Front 30

How does the B horizon form

Back 30

It forms as rain water wash his material down from the A horizon

Front 31

Which layer contains the most organic material

Back 31

A horizon

Front 32

And what climates do you expect soil to form fastest

Back 32

Warm wet Clements because weathering occurs fast there

Front 33

What are three characteristics used to describe soil

Back 33

Fertility, texture and PH

Front 34

Describe the a horizon

Back 34

Includes Humus, Clay and minerals

Front 35

Describe the B horizon

Back 35

Contains little humus

Front 36

Describe the C horizon

Back 36

Contains mostly rock

Front 37

Hummus forms in a process called what

Back 37

Decomposition

Front 38

Organisms called what break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and I just them with chemicals

Back 38

Decomposers

Front 39

What are some examples of decomposers

Back 39

Fungi, bacteria, worms and other organisms

Front 40

What organism does most of the work of mixing hummus with other materials in soil

Back 40

Earth worms

Front 41

How do Burrowing mammal such as my Smalls prairie dogs and gophers affect the soil

Back 41

They break up hard compacted soil and makes hummus through it

Front 42

What is the composition of soil

Back 42

Rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, water and air

Front 43

Loose weathered material in which plants can grow

Back 43

Soil

Front 44

Why is hummus important in soil

Back 44

It helps create spaces and soil for air and water and it contains nutrients plants need

Front 45

In what order do the soil horizons form

Back 45

C, a and B

Front 46

What is another name for the a horizon and what does it consist of

Back 46

Topsoil which contains hummus Clay and minerals

Front 47

Front (Term)

Back 47

Review above

Front 48

Process that splits rock when water gets into cracks then freezes and expands this process goes on repeatedly

Back 48

Frost wedging

Front 49

The management of soil to limit it’s Destruction

Back 49

Soil conservation

Front 50

Chemical weathering of rock by plants growing on them producing weak acids which dissolve the rock

Back 50

Lichen

Front 51

Tiny pieces of rock caused by weathering

Back 51

Sediment

Front 52

Physical weathering of rock by animals digging in the ground

Back 52

Animals burrowing

Front 53

The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces

Back 53

Mechanical weathering

Front 54

The planting of different crops in a field each year to maintain the soil’s fertility

Back 54

Crop rotation

Front 55

Process in which sediment is lay down in new locations

Back 55

Deposition

Front 56

A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen. Iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water to form rust

Back 56

Oxidation

Front 57

Anything naturally occurring and the environment that Humans use

Back 57

Natural resource

Front 58

Rock being broken down through motion for us another physical processes

Back 58

Physical weathering

Front 59

Pollution mixes with rain water and falls onto rocks causing them to dissolve

Back 59

Acid rain

Front 60

The measure of how well the soil supports the plant

Back 60

Fertility

Front 61

An Organism that gets energy by breaking down waist and dead organisms and returns materials to the water and soil

Back 61

Decomposers

Front 62

The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes

Back 62

Chemical weathering

Front 63

Water is the best at sorting sediments but when can do it to

Back 63

Water and wind

Front 64

Examples of how gravity causes erosion

Back 64

Landslides mudflows and rockslides

Front 65

Route and stems of plants will grow through cracks and rocks causing the rocks to crack even more

Back 65

Root/plant action

Front 66

The process by which water ice wind or gravity moves weather particles of rock and soil

Back 66

Mechanical weathering