Weathering

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weathering

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the breaking down of rocks and other materials on Earth’s surface

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erosion

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process by which weathered material is removed and carried from a place

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sand dune

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a pile of wind-blown sand that develops over time

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suspend

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to hang freely

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windward

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side facing the direction of the wind  gentler slope

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slip face

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the lee side of a dune where the slope approximates

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Abrasion

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is the mechanical scraping of a rock surface by friction between rocks and moving particles during their transport by wind, glacier, waves, gravity, running water or erosion.

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Deflation

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erosion by wind of loose material from flat areas of dry, uncemented sediments such as those occurring in deserts, dry lake beds, floodplains, and glacial outwash plains

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Zone of saturation

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encompasses the area below ground in which all interconnected openings within the geologic medium are completely filled with water . ... Lying above, and separated from the phreatic zone by the water table , is the capillary fringe.

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Zone of aeration

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Region in the ground in which pore spaces are filled with air. ... Water table: The interface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration. Infiltration: The downward movement of water through pore spaces of permeable rock or soil.

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Bedrock

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is the hard, solid rock beneath surface materials such as soil and gravel.

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Water table

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upper layer of rock and soil

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Porosity

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the percentage of open spaces between grains in a material

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Permeability

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the ability of water to flow through a soil

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Exfoliation

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spheroidal weathering, is restricted to boulder-sized rock material and may occur at some depth within the Earth

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Frost action

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repeated freezing and melting of water causes rock to break apart

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Root action

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pressure of growing root can make cracks lager  rocks fall apart

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Oxidation

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oxygen reacts with another substance

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Hydrolysis

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Chemical weathering is what happens when rocks are broken down and chemically altered.

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Acid rain

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is a rain or any other form of precipitationthat is unusually acidic,

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Chemical weathering

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is what happens when rocks are broken down and chemically altered.

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Physical weathering

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also called mechanical weathering, refers to the process of breaking rocks apart while retaining their chemical composition,

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Mass movement

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is the movement of surface material caused by gravity.

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Creep

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in geology, slow downslope movement of particles that occurs on every slope covered with loose, weathered material

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Mudslide

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the rapid downward movement of a large quantity of saturated earth.

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Avalanche

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A large mass of snow moving rapidly down a mountain slope is known as an

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Slump

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is a form of mass wasting that occurs when a coherent mass of loosely consolidated materials or rock layers moves a short distance down a slope.

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Landslide

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of rocks has partially covered this road.